Characteristics of Varicella Breakthrough Cases in Jinhua City, 2016-2024.

: Varicella remains a prevalent vaccine-preventable disease, but breakthrough infections are increasingly reported. However, long-term, population-based studies investigating the temporal and demographic characteristics of breakthrough varicella remain limited. : This retrospective study analyzed surveillance data from Jinhua City, China, from 2016 to 2024.

Metal ion-enhanced photosynthetic bacteria for bioplastic production from kitchen waste digestate: performance and mechanism.

Background: Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from food waste by photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) face the bottleneck of low production efficiency. Metal ions have the potential to enhance the PHB production by PSB. Thus, for the first time, this study explored the effect of Fe and Mn on the enhancement of PHB production from kitchen waste digestate by PSB and their enhancement mechanism.

Highly Sensitive Anisotropic Multidirectional Strain Sensor through Direct-Write Micro-3D Printing Ordered Microfibers.

Multidirectional strain sensors exhibit significant potential in flexible electronic devices, facilitating precise detection of complex movements. However, achieving both macroscopic and microscopic anisotropy in the conductive networks of strain sensors remains challenging, particularly in developing the high sensitivity and selectivity needed to effectively differentiate axial strains. Highly ordered microfiber is the key to realize high-selectivity multidirectional strain sensor.

Prediction and optimization of in-situ excess sludge reduction in wastewater treatment process by machine learning.

In-situ excess sludge reduction includes three main techniques: uncoupling metabolism, lysis-cryptic growth, and microbial predation. In this study, machine learning was utilized to analyze in-situ sludge reduction, addressing the gap between large dataset and industrial needs. The best prediction model was Random Forest (R = 0.

Spectroscopic evidence of symmetry breaking in the superconducting vortices of UTe.

The recently discovered heavy-fermion superconductor, UTe, is an excellent candidate for spin-triplet superconductors in which electrons form spin-triplet Cooper pairs with spin  = 1 and odd parity. Unconventional superconductivity often hosts unconventional vortices. Yet, the vortex core and lattice in UTe have not been directly visualized and characterized.

Phase unwrapping in digital holography based on the Dv3p-IRA.

The accurate acquisition of the phase information is crucial for the three-dimensional shape reconstruction of an object. However, the inverse tangent operation in the phase extraction process will inevitably cause the phase wrapping phenomenon, resulting in phase discontinuity. Therefore, a digital holographic phase unwrapping method based on Deeplabv3plus-Inverted-Residual-Attention (Dv3p-IRA) is proposed in this paper.

Single-Cell RNA-Seq Revealed the Immune Microenvironment Reprogramming by Dexmedetomidine Treatment in Ischemic Stroke.

Prior studies have indicated that the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in cerebral ischemia, yet its mechanisms remain elusive. Using multi-omics approaches (RNA-seq, metabolomics, and single-cell RNA-seq), we discovered that DEX pretreatment significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved neurological function in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice compared to PBS controls. Single-cell analysis revealed that DEX preserved microglial phagocytic function via metabolic regulation, leading to reduced microglial apoptosis and attenuated immune dysregulation-including decreased chemotactic neutrophils, B cells, and antigen-presenting fibroblasts.

Comprehensive environmental assessment of typical Chinese industrial metal production processes.

To promote energy conservation and emission reduction, a quantitative assessment of pollutants from metal production is imperative. However, conventional life cycle assessment cannot provide detail environmental impact assessment for pollutants (e.g.

A Vision-Based Single-Sensor Approach for Identification and Localization of Unloading Hoppers.

To promote the automation and intelligence of rail freight, the accurate identification and localization of bulk cargo unloading hoppers have become a key technical challenge. Under the technological wave driven by the deep integration of Industry 4.0 and artificial intelligence, the bulk cargo unloading process is undergoing a significant transformation from manual operation to intelligent control.

Hybrid Printing Wrinkle-Free High-Resolution Circuits on Freeform Surfaces Via Adaptive Deformation of a Self-Supporting Mesh.

Conformal circuits on 3D freeform surfaces are of great significance as fundamental components in curved optoelectronic displays, aircraft smart skins, and soft robotics. However, existing methods face significant challenges when producing conformal high-resolution circuits on large curvature and inner curved surfaces. Herein, a novel hybrid printing strategy is introduced that fabricates wrinkle-free high-resolution circuits on freeform surfaces using adaptive deformation of self-supporting mesh.

Recent advances in bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass for volatile fatty acid production with rumen microorganisms.

Lignocellulosic biomass is a possible alternative for fossil fuels due to its widespread availability and numerous benefits. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are important intermediates that can be converted into biofuels or chemicals. VFA production from lignocellulosic biomass via anaerobic fermentation is a promising approach for resource utilization.

Valorisation of food waste through self-fermentation and photosynthetic bacterial protein production: efficiency, microbial dynamics and safety assessment.

Global food waste has become an important environmental challenge. In this study, we established a hierarchical valorisation system through 'acidogenic fermentation-residue saccharification-photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) protein production'. Acidogenic self-fermentation for 72 h yielded liquid chemical oxygen demand (COD) and lactic acid levels of 56443.

Discovery of terahertz-frequency orbitally coupled magnons in a kagome ferromagnet.

In ferromagnetic materials, magnons-quanta of spin waves-typically resonate in the gigahertz range. Beyond conventional magnons, while theoretical studies have predicted magnons associated with orbital magnetic moments, their direct observation has remained challenging. Here, we present the discovery of two distinct terahertz orbitally coupled magnon resonances in the topological kagome ferromagnet CoSnS.

Integrative insights into benzo[a]pyrene degradation mechanisms by Aspergillus fumigatus Z5: Spectroscopic, transcriptomic, and computational biological analyses.

High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) pose significant environmental challenges due to their complex structures and persistent toxicity, and are difficult to be degraded by bacteria. Fungi, however, possess the ability to overcome these challenges, primarily through various enzymes with broad substrate specificity, including cytochrome P450 (CYP450), laccase, manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase. As a result, the development of efficient fungal strains capable of degrading HMW-PAHs is essential for advancing bioremediation strategies.

Lysine lactylation: Regulatory mechanisms, role in health and disease, and its therapeutic potential.

Lysine lactylation of (Kla), a novel post-translational modification, is prevalent in various diseases and has garnered increasing attention. Kla has diverse roles in diseases, exhibiting both beneficial and detrimental effects depending on the context and modification site. This review focuses on the emerging therapeutic potential of Kla in various diseases.

Long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and multi-level socioeconomic status: joint effects on age-related macular degeneration, subsequent ocular comorbidity, and death in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: Both air pollution and socioeconomic status (SES) are recognized as significant determinants of health outcomes. However, no study has explored the combined effects of air pollutants and SES on (1) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence; (2) trajectories from baseline to AMD, subsequent ocular comorbidity (OCMD), and mortality; and (3) life expectancy in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Using UK Biobank data, we created two composite air pollution scores (APS) and assessed SES at individual and neighborhood levels.

LncRNA SNHG14 Regulated by ZNF460 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression and Metastasis by Targeting the miR-206/FNDC3A Axis.

The current study investigated the functional role of long non-coding RNA SNHG14 (lncRNA SNHG14) in gastric cancer (GC) progression and its underlying mechanisms. Compared with para-carcinoma tissues, SNHG14 was upregulated in GC tissues, correlating with a poor prognosis in GC patients. SNHG14 knockdown significantly weakened the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of GC cell lines while enhancing the apoptosis ability of GC cells.

Directly printed standing ceramic circuit boards for rapid prototyping of miniaturization and high-power of electronics.

Ceramic circuit boards (CCBs) have been extensively utilized in 5G communications, aerospace, and artificial intelligence due to their excellent thermal conductivity and electrical performance. However, due to the limitation of manufacturing technologies, the existing CCBs can not take into account both the resolution and thickness, which restricts the miniaturization and high power of the resulting electronics. Herein, we report a standing-CCBs (S-CCBs) with both high-resolution and high aspect-ratio fabricated via sacrificial coating-assisted micro-3D printing.

Effects of feeding unprocessed whole black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae on performance, biochemical profile, health status, egg quality, microbiome and metabolome patterns of quails.

To address the global shortage of feed protein, black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have garnered significant attention as a sustainable alternative protein source. Feeding whole BSFL represents an innovative approach that effectively reduces the high processing costs of dried BSFL powder and prevents nutrient loss during thermal treatment. However, limited research has been conducted on the application of whole BSFL in quail diets.

Development of salecan/konjac glucomannan biogels: Insights into advanced rheology, thermal behavior, and model fitting.

Salecan, an exopolysaccharide secreted by Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 has been approved as a novel food ingredient in China and has garnered significant attention in food and biopharmaceutical applications due to its excellent rheological and biological regulatory capabilities. In this study, salecan was combined with deacetylated konjac glucomannan to design multifunctional hydrogels (KGSs) via a thermal crosslinking method suitable for mass production.

Generative deep learning model assisted multi-objective optimization for wastewater nitrogen to protein conversion by photosynthetic bacteria.

For decades, the photosynthetic bacteria (PSB)-based nitrogen treatment and valorization from wastewater have been explored. However, balancing nitrogen removal performance and resource recovery potential in PSB has remained a key unresolved issue for a long time. This study employed generative deep learning algorithms to achieve high-quality data generation, supporting multi-objective optimization in nitrogen removal, protein concentration, and nitrogen-to-protein conversion.

Heat shock proteins in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) remains a significant challenge in ischemic stroke treatment. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a cadre of molecular chaperones, have emerged as pivotal regulators in this pathological cascade. This review synthesizes the latest research on HSPs in CIRI from 2013 to 2024 focusing on their multifaceted roles and therapeutic potential.

Factors associated with seizure recurrence in patients undergoing repeat epilepsy surgery: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Epilepsy surgery is a crucial intervention for cases of drug-resistant epilepsy, aiming to achieve seizure freedom. Despite significant success rates, some patients continue to experience seizures post-surgery, leading to the need for repeat interventions.

Methods: This study employed a retrospective observational design, focusing on patients who underwent repeat epilepsy surgery at our hospital.

Bacteriophage application in inhibiting corrosion- producing bacteria.

Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are a major cause of microbially-induced corrosion (MIC) and souring (MIS), leading to significant challenges in industries like oil recovery and wastewater treatment. Due to SRB's resistance to antimicrobial agents, bacteriophage (phage) therapy offers a promising alternative for SRB control. In this study, a novel lytic phage, SRB7757, targeting Desulfovibrio vulgaris, was isolated from sewage.

Fugitive gases reduction and carbon sequestration potential of ecological floating beds.

Ecological floating beds (EFBs) are widely utilized as a green, cost-effective, and efficient technology for biologicalwater treatment in ponds, rivers, and secondary treatment of wastewater plant effluents. However, their potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) absorption and transformation is often overlooked. This paper begins by summarizing the accounting and emission status of GHGs from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), reviewing plant-microbial interactions in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere, and exploring plant-microbial-mediated transformations of carbon and nitrogen cycles.