Decoding coal-induced pulmonary endothelial injury using single-cell omics.

Pulmonary endothelial injury is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of coal pneumoconiosis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this injury remain poorly understood. To address this, we established a coal pneumoconiosis mouse model by chronic intranasal coal dust exposure over 9 months.

The prevalence and genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in patients with acute respiratory infection in China during 2012-2021.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a common respiratory virus among patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI). To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of HBoV, clinical specimens from 13,109 ARI patients were collected through active surveillance from 12 provinces of China during 2012-2021. Extracted nucleic acid was screened and the viral protein 1 (VP1) gene was directly amplified and sequenced in HBoV-positive specimens.

Bismuth-functionalized probiotics for enhanced antitumor radiotherapy and immune activation.

Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay treatment modality for solid tumors, employing high-energy radiation to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA damage. However, RT is limited by insufficient DNA damage and collateral damage to normal tissues. Developing next-generation nanoradio-sensitizers to enhance tumor radiosensitivity while sparing healthy tissues remains a significant challenge.

Spatiotemporal-Controlled Nanoagonists Triggered STING Activation for Cascade-Amplified Photothermal Metalloimmunotherapy.

Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by rapid disease progression and a high risk of metastasis. The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment paradigm for breast cancer. Herein, a manganese-based nanoagonist (FA-IR780/EGCG@MnO) featuring mitochondrial targeting and photothermal therapy (PTT) was constructed for STING activation and photothermal metalloimmunotherapy.

Programmable Biporphyrin-G-Quadruplex Nanoflowers for Simultaneous Tumor Cell Recognition and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy.

Oxygen-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often hindered by the hypoxic conditions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome this challenge, multifunctional DNA nanoflowers is designed using rolling circle amplification (RCA), incorporating porphyrin and G-quadruplex (G4) DNA to achieve both tumor cell recognition and enhanced PDT performance. The spatial arrangement of AS1411 aptamers and G4 motifs within the DNA nanoflowers increases the binding specificity to cancer cells, thereby facilitating targeted detection.

Long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and multi-level socioeconomic status: joint effects on age-related macular degeneration, subsequent ocular comorbidity, and death in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: Both air pollution and socioeconomic status (SES) are recognized as significant determinants of health outcomes. However, no study has explored the combined effects of air pollutants and SES on (1) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence; (2) trajectories from baseline to AMD, subsequent ocular comorbidity (OCMD), and mortality; and (3) life expectancy in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Using UK Biobank data, we created two composite air pollution scores (APS) and assessed SES at individual and neighborhood levels.

Engineering polyphenol-based osteogenic system for bone and cartilage repair: Transplantation, tissue engineering, and organoid.

Background: The human body can spontaneously repair damaged bone tissue and cells; however, external interventions are required to support bone regeneration when the defect exceeds a critical threshold. Bone repair primarily involves the regeneration of both bone and cartilage defects. Natural polyphenols, characterized by polyphenolic hydroxyl structures, readily integrate with other biomaterials to modulate endogenous microenvironment regulation and enhance bone defect repair.

S100a8 inhibitor Paquinimod attenuates coal dust-induced pulmonary fibrosis via blocking neutrophils-S100a8-Tlr4-macrophages signaling axis.

Prolonged inhalation of environmental dust leads to the onset of life-threatening pulmonary fibrosis. Identifying therapeutic targets and drugs for this disease is of critical urgency. However, traditional drug discovery often overlooks cell communication signals.

Boosting Peroxidase-Mimetic Activity of FeMn-NC Dual-Atom Radiosensitizing Nanozymes for Augmented Radiodynamic Immunotherapy.

Dual-atom nanozymes (DAzymes) have garnered considerable attention as catalysts for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based therapies, effectively leveraging ROS generation within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we introduce the FeMn-NC DAzymes, which are meticulously engineered for enhanced peroxidase (POD)-mimetic activity and potent radiosensitization to advance radioimmunotherapy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that FeMn-NC DAzymes lower the energy barrier and increase the substrate affinity, enabling highly efficient catalytic performance.

Decomposable STING nanoagonist-amplified oncolytic virotherapy through remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are promising for cancer treatment as they specifically replicate in tumor cells. However, the systemic delivery of OVs still faces the challenges of poor tumor targeting, short circulation periods, and limited lytic efficacy. Herein, an OV-concealed targeting nanoagonist (OV-MnO/HE) was prepared to enhance the delivery of OVs to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) intravenous administration.

Kurtosis Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Caused by Complex Noise in Coal Mines.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between noise kurtosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk while exploring the potential of kurtosis assessment in evaluating CVD risk associated with complex noise exposure in coal mines.

Methods: This cross-sectional study started in April 2021 and ended in November 2022. It involved 705 coal miners selected from 1045 participants.

Harnessing nanoengineered CAR-T cell strategies to advance solid tumor immunotherapy.

The efficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is still inconclusive in solid tumor treatment. Recently, nanotechnology has emerged as a potent strategy to reshape CAR-T cell therapy with promising outcomes. This review aims to discuss the significant potential of nano-engineered CAR-T cell therapy in addressing existing challenges, including CAR-T cell engineering evolution, tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation, and precise CAR-T cell therapy (precise targeting, monitoring, and activation), under the main consideration of clinical translation.

Y01 reduces HFD-induced obesity altering gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles and modulating adipose tissue macrophage M1/M2 polarization.

Obesity-related metabolic syndrome is intimately associated with infiltrated adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), gut microbiota, and metabolic disorders. holds the potential to mitigate obesity; however, there exist strain-specific functionalities and diverse mechanisms, which deserve extensive exploration. This study aims to explore the potential of Y01, isolated from traditional sour whey, in alleviating HFD-induced metabolic syndrome in mice and elucidating its underlying mechanism.

Radiation-activated PD-L1 aptamer-functionalized nanoradiosensitizer to potentiate antitumor immunity in combined radioimmunotherapy and photothermal therapy.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated immunogenic cell death (ICD) is crucial in radioimmunotherapy by boosting innate antitumor immunity. However, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) often impedes ROS production, limiting the efficacy of radiotherapy. To tackle this challenge, a combination therapy involving radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been explored to enhance antitumor effects and reprogram the immunosuppressive TME.

Systemic delivery of tannic acid-ferric-masked oncolytic adenovirus reprograms tumor microenvironment for improved therapeutic efficacy in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most aggressive primary brain tumor, and urgently requires effective treatments. Oncolytic adenovirus (OA) shows promise as a potential candidate for clinical antitumor therapy, including in the treatment of GBM. Nevertheless, the systemic delivery of OA continues to face challenges, leading to significantly compromised antitumor efficacy.

Augmented the sensitivity of photothermal-ferroptosis therapy in triple-negative breast cancer through mitochondria-targeted nanoreactor.

Ferroptosis primarily relies on reactive oxygen (ROS) production and lipid peroxide (LPO) accumulation, which opens up new opportunities for tumor therapy. However, a standalone ferroptosis process is insufficient in inhibiting tumor progression. Unlike previously reported Fe-based nanomaterials, we have engineered a novel nanoreactor named IR780/Ce@EGCG/APT, which uses metal-polyphenols network (Ce@EGCG) based on rare-earth cerium and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to encapsulate IR780 and modified with the aptamer (AS1411).

The application of bacteria-nanomaterial hybrids in antitumor therapy.

Adverse effects and multidrug resistance remain significant obstacles in conventional cancer therapy. Nanomedicines, with their intrinsic properties such as nano-sized dimensions and tunable surface characteristics, have the potential to mitigate the side effects of traditional cancer treatments. While nanomaterials have been widely applied in cancer treatment, challenges such as low targeting efficiency and poor tumor penetration persist.

3D printing materials and 3D printed surgical devices in oral and maxillofacial surgery: design, workflow and effectiveness.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a specialized surgical field devoted to diagnosing and managing conditions affecting the oral cavity, jaws, face and related structures. In recent years, the integration of 3D printing technology has revolutionized this field, offering a range of innovative surgical devices such as patient-specific implants, surgical guides, splints, bone models and regenerative scaffolds. In this comprehensive review, we primarily focus on examining the utility of 3D-printed surgical devices in the context of oral and maxillofacial surgery and evaluating their efficiency.

Maternal nicotine exposure promotes hippocampal CeRNA-mediated excitotoxicity and social barriers in adolescent offspring mice.

Nicotine, an addictive component of cigarettes, causes cognitive defects, particularly when exposure occurs early in life. However, the exact mechanism through which nicotine causes toxicity and alters synaptic plasticity is still not fully understood. The aim of the current study is to examine how non-coding developmental regulatory RNA impacts the hippocampus of mice offspring whose mothers were exposed to nicotine.

MXene-based polysaccharide aerogel with multifunctional enduring antimicrobial effects for infected wound healing.

Wound infection is a predominant etiological factor contributing to delayed wound healing in open wounds. Hence, it holds paramount clinical significance to devise wound dressings endowed with superior antibacterial properties. In this study, a Schiff base-crosslinked aerogel comprising sodium alginate oxide (OSA), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and NbC@Ag/PDA (NAP) was developed.

2-Deoxy-D-glucose ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in a silicosis mouse model by inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in alveolar macrophages.

Inhaling silica causes the occupational illness silicosis, which mostly results in the gradual fibrosis of lung tissue. Previous research has demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and glycolysis-related genes are up-regulated in silicosis. The role of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) as an inhibitor of glycolysis in silicosis mouse models and its molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Metal-organic framework-based photodynamic combined immunotherapy against the distant development of triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive, metastatic and apparently drug-resistant subtype of breast cancer with a higher immune response compared to other types of breast cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been gaining popularity for its non-invasive nature, minimal side effects, and spatiotemporally controlled benifits. The use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) loaded with programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors (iPD-L1) offers the possibility of combining PDT with immunotherapy.