Effects of Milling Parameters on Residual Stress and Cutting Force.

The 7075-T7451 aluminum alloy, widely used in aerospace, aviation, and automotive fields for critical load-bearing components due to its excellent mechanical properties, suffers from residual stresses induced by thermo-mechanical coupling during milling, which deteriorate workpiece performance. This study explores how key milling parameters-spindle speed *n*, feed per tooth *f*, cutting depth *a*, and cutting width *a*-affect surface residual stress and cutting force via orthogonal experiments and finite element analysis (FEA). Results show *a* is critical for X-direction residual stresses, while *f* dominates Y-direction ones.

Enhancing Fucoxanthin Pickering Emulsion Stability and Encapsulation with Seaweed Cellulose Nanofibrils Using High-Pressure Homogenization.

Poor solubility and bioavailability have limited the application of fucoxanthin in drug and functional food processing. In order to encapsulate fucoxanthin in delivery systems, in this study, cellulose was isolated from industrial brown algae residues and high-pressure homogenized into cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Then, fucoxanthin was encapsulated into the Pickering emulsion stabilized by the CNFs.

Therapeutic targeting of Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling axis with casticin mitigates intervertebral disc degeneration: in vitro and in vivo investigations.

As a persistent osteoarticular degenerative condition, intervertebral disc deterioration (IDD) has been established as a principal causative element in lumbar spine discomfort development. The present investigation seeks to assess the protective effects of casticin against IDD progression and elucidate associated molecular pathways. The CCK8 kit was used to assess the cytotoxicity of casticin on rat nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs).

Development of an Integrated EC-SPME-SERS Platform with the pAg-rGO-Au Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection of Fenthion.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is widely applied for ultrasensitive and label-free detection of molecules, but its potential is largely limited by complex matrix interference and the weak affinity between target molecules and the SERS substrate. To overcome these limitations, this study fabricates a pAg-rGO-Au substrate and develops an integrated platform combining electrochemistry (EC), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and SERS. Leveraging the multifunctionality of pAg-rGO-Au (as a working electrode, SPME sorbent, and SERS substrate), the EC-SPME-SERS platform enables electro-enhanced adsorption and in situ detection of fenthion (FEN).

Ginsenoside Rg1 improves chronic neuropathic pain by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell pyroptosis in microglia.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Panax notoginseng, documented in Sheng Nong's Herbal Classic, has long been used to relieve pain. Its major bioactive component, ginsenoside Rg1, exhibits diverse pharmacological activities, but its role in chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) remains poorly understood.

Aim Of The Study: This study endeavors to decipher the analgesic functions of Ginsenoside Rg1 and explore the molecular mechanisms that underlie them.

Kindlin-1 promotes mitophagy by inhibiting PINK1 degradation to enhance hepatocellular carcinoma progression and modulates sensitivity to donafenib.

Mitophagy, essential for mitochondrial homeostasis, may affect hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and drug sensitivity, though its precise role remains unclear. Kindlin-1 is an adhesion protein which can regulate the function of integrins, resulting in an aggressive phenotype in certain solid malignant tumors.This study explored the clinical significance and cellular functions of Kindlin-1 in HCC.

Fatty acid-binding proteins in cancers.

Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are intracellular lipid chaperones with molecular weights of approximately 14-15 kDa. By binding and transporting fatty acids and lipid-related molecules, FABPs precisely regulate metabolic pathways, signal transduction, and gene expression, playing a central role in cancer initiation and progression. The 11 identified subtypes (FABP1-FABP12; FABP11 is identical to FABP3) exhibit tissue-specific expression and influence tumor progression through metabolic reprogramming, immune microenvironment modulation, and therapy resistance.

Immunosuppressants Rewire the Gut Microbiome-Alloimmune Axis Through Time-Dependent and Tissue-Specific Mechanisms.

Background: Lifelong immunosuppressive therapy is required to prevent allograft rejection in organ transplantation. Current immunosuppressants effectively suppress adaptive and innate immune responses, but their broad, antigen-non-specific effects often result in severe off-target complications. It remains a significant unmet medical need in transplant medicine.

Unveiling the catalytical roles of three glycosyltransferases in triterpenoid saponins in quinoa.

Saponins constitute a class of characteristic compounds within quinoa grains. In this study, metabolomic analysis identified 20 triterpene saponins, the majority of which were exclusively localized within the pericarp. Furthermore, three crucial glycosyltransferases were identified in quinoa.

Flexible, robust, and highly stable gold nanoparticle-decorated aramid nanofiber SERS substrates for ultrasensitive detection of hazardous chemicals in harsh environments.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as a powerful analytical technique with broad applications spanning materials science, environmental monitoring, food safety, biomedical diagnostics, and cultural heritage preservation. Despite its widespread adoption, the development of SERS substrates capable of operating in harsh environments remains largely unexplored. To address this challenge, we present a robust SERS platform based on aramid nanofibers (ANFs), which combine exceptional flexibility, outstanding mechanical strength, and remarkable thermal/chemical stability.

KRAS/ABHD17C/ALOX15B Axis Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression via Ferroptosis Evasion.

Understanding the mechanisms underlying Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutation-driven development and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) may facilitate the discovery of novel strategies for KRAS-mutant PDAC (KRAS-PDAC) treatment. Here, it is reported that downregulation of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15B) significantly correlated with poor outcomes in patients with KRAS-PDAC. Mechanistically, KRAS/ERK1-elicited phosphorylation of ABHD17C promotes depalmitoylation and membrane-to-cytoplasm translocation of ALOX15B, facilitating proteasome-dependent degradation of ALOX15B via interaction with the E3 ligase complex CUL4/DDB1/DCAF10.

Nucleation Modification in Two-Step Slot-Die Coating Toward Efficient Large Scale Perovskite/Silicon Tandems Based on Commercial Silicon Cells.

Vapor-solution two-step deposition is recognized as a promising method to fabricate monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs) on commercial silicon cell substrates with fully textured surfaces. Although a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 31.3% is recorded for small size perovskite/silicon TSCs, scaling up from spin-coating used for small sizes to the slot-die for large areas has become the main challenge for its further mass production due to the residual PbI and increased internal voids in perovskite (PVK) films.

Slice-Inference-Assisted Lightweight Small Object Detection Model for Holographic Digital Immunoassay Quantification.

Sensitive and cost-effective detection methods utilizing portable equipment are crucial for applications in food safety inspection, environmental monitoring, and clinical diagnosis. In this study, we propose a sliced inference-assisted lightweight small object detection model (SIALSO) holographic biosensor for digital immunoassay-based quantification of chloramphenicol in food samples. This innovative biosensor combines a lens-free holographic imaging system with a lightweight deep learning model, capitalizing on the extensive field of view (FOV) of holography to facilitate precise signal detection of microsphere probes.

Prognostic factors for non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant therapy and surgery: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy, given before surgery, improves surgical outcomes and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is limited research on factors influencing postoperative survival and recurrence. This study aims to identify key prognostic factors following lung resection after neoadjuvant therapy.

Genomic profiles and prognostic biomarkers of resectable lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary component.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary component (LMPC) is an aggressive histologic subtype of lung cancer characterized by unique pathological features and poor prognosis. While previous studies have identified driver mutations in LMPC, its comprehensive molecular profile and prognosis-related biomarkers in the Chinese population remain poorly understood.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 54 stage I-III LMPC patients who underwent complete resection.

Innovative Electrochemical Sensors for Pesticide Residue Detection: Nanomaterials, Miniaturization, and Intelligent Data Analysis.

The increasing use of pesticides in agriculture has raised concerns over their residues in food products, necessitating the development of effective detection methods to ensure consumer safety and environmental sustainability. This review covers cutting- edge advances in electrochemical sensors for pesticide residue detection, emphasizing their significance in addressing the limitations of traditional methods. The authors summarize recent progress in sensor materials for enhancing detection sensitivity and selectivity, including metal-organic frameworks, single-atom materials, MXene-based materials, and conductive polymers and so on.

Expression of SMURF family in pancreatic cancer and its effect on cell proliferation and migration.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the expression of Smad ubiquitination regulatory factors (SMURFs) in pancreatic cancer and analyze their relationship with cancer staging and prognosis, and to investigate the potential of SMURF as a therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

Methods: A total of 179 patients with pancreatic cancer were identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This dataset was utilized in the study to analyze the expression of SMURF1 and SMURF2 and their correlation with pancreatic cancer staging and patient survival.

Transglutaminase-enhanced walnut protein isolate gels: Synergistic effects of double modification on gelation and riboflavin encapsulation.

This study investigated the effects of a double-modification process involving Alcalase hydrolysis (1, 3, and 5 min) and ultrasound treatment (360 W, 15 min) on the functional properties and characteristics of walnut protein isolate (WPI). Among the treatments, WPI hydrolyzed for 3 min and subjected to ultrasound (WEU-3) demonstrated the highest water-holding capacity of 3.66 g/g and solubility of 34.

Nanozyme mediated Raman-NLISA dual-modal immunosensor for accurate and sensitive detection of microcystin-LR.

A Raman scattering and nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) dual modal immunosensor, was constructed by mesoporous SiO/Au-Pt nanozymes (m-SAP) and nanobodies (A2.3-SBP). Oxidized TMB served as Raman and ELISA signals in a competitive binding assay.

CXCL12+ fibroblastic reticular cells in lymph nodes facilitate immune tolerance by regulating T cell-mediated alloimmunity.

Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are the master regulators of the lymph node (LN) microenvironment. However, the role of specific FRC subsets in controlling alloimmune responses remains to be studied. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) of naive and draining LNs (DLNs) of heart-transplanted mice and human LNs revealed a specific subset of CXCL12hi FRCs that expressed high levels of lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) and are enriched in the expression of immunoregulatory genes.

Multiple automated machine-learning prediction models for postoperative reintubation in patients with acute aortic dissection: a multicenter cohort study.

Introduction: Reintubation is an adverse postoperative complication in patients with Type A aortic dissection (AAD) that correlates to poor outcomes. This study aims to employ machine learning algorithms to establish a practical platform for the prediction of reintubation.

Methods: A total of 861 patients diagnosed with AAD and undergoing surgical procedures, 688 patients as training and testing cohort from a single center, and 173 patients as validation cohort from four centers were enrolled.

Advances in Multifunctional Nanoagents and SERS-Based Multimodal Sensing for Biotoxin in Foods.

Biotoxins, toxic substances produced by living organisms, are widely present in food and pose a major threat to human health. Traditional detection methods, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), often suffer from limitations including complex sample preparation, high costs, and lengthy analysis times. In response, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a highly sensitive and specific analytical tool for the detection of biotoxins.

Rapamycin immunomodulation utilizes time-dependent alterations of lymph node architecture, leukocyte trafficking, and gut microbiome.

Transplant recipients require lifelong, multimodal immunosuppression to prevent rejection by reducing alloreactive immunity. Rapamycin is known to modulate adaptive and innate immunity, but its full mechanism remains incompletely understood. We investigated the understudied effects of rapamycin on lymph node (LN) architecture, leukocyte trafficking, and gut microbiome and metabolism after 3 (early), 7 (intermediate), and 30 (late) days of rapamycin treatment.

Characterization of Cellulose from Gagome Kelp and Its Effect on Dough, Gluten, and Starch as Novel Bread Improvers.

Novel bread formulations with natural improvers have become an essential part of improving the quality of bakery products. In the present study, novel bread improvers made using Gagome kelp cellulose (GC) were systemically evaluated, and cellulose-improved dough (GC-dough), gluten (GC-gluten), and gluten protein and starch (GC-starch) were all studied. The results indicated that the water and oil holding capacity, cholesterol-adsorptive capacity, and the unsaturated fat and saturated fat adsorptive capacities of GC had increased.