Lipidomic profiling of human bile distinguishes cholangiocarcinoma from benign bile duct diseases with high specificity and sensitivity: a prospective descriptive study.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy originating in the bile ducts. Owing to limitations involving pathological sampling, the clinical differentiation of CCA from benign biliary diseases remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the differences between the bile lipidomes of CCA patients and those of patients with benign disease to develop a bile lipid classifier that can help to differentiate CCA from benign conditions.

Asthma Detection Research Based on Voice Signal Processing and Machine Learning.

To analyze voice signals and identify asthma patients using voice signal analysis and machine learning techniques, we collected clear, low-noise fixed-pattern voice signals from 50 asthma patients and 50 healthy controls to build an analysis database. The research conducted multi-dimensional voice signal analysis based on MATLAB and selected voice feature indicators with significant differences between asthma patients and healthy controls. After dimensionality reduction analysis on differential phonetic features, the processed features were incorporated into subsequent SVM and RF modeling and classification research.

Liquid transport strategies in wearable and implantable microfluidic systems.

An essential capability of lab-on-a-chip systems is the precise handling, management, and transport of fluids within microfluidic channels. However, conventional rigid pump-tube-valve systems are often incompatible with emerging wearable and implantable devices, which demand miniaturization, low power consumption, high level of integration, and biocompatibility to ensure reliable and safe operation in biological environments. In recent years, various microscale fluid management and transport strategies have been developed to address these challenges, enabling actively programmable control and significantly advancing the capabilities of bio-integrated electronics.

Global Disease and Economic Burden of Noncommunicable Diseases Attributable to Hepatitis B Infection: A Health Economic Evaluation Study.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global public health challenge, contributing to both hepatic and extrahepatic disease burdens. This study aims to estimate the global disease and economic burden of HBV-attributable noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The study included hepatic NCDs (cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases [CCLDs] and hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) and nonhepatic NCDs (NHNCDs).

Association of stressful life events with depressive symptoms among adolescents: A network analysis.

Background: Stressful life events (SLEs) have been identified as predictors of adolescent depressive symptoms. However, the item-level association is underexplored. Using network analysis, this study aimed to examine the complex associations between various types of SLEs and adolescent depressive symptoms, and to explore gender and age differences in these associations.

Analysis of the Incidence and Influencing Factors of Infection in Premature Neonates.

Premature newborns face a higher risk of (UU) infection, which is closely associated with many diseases in the neonatal period. Therefore, this study retrospectively analysed the occurrence of UU infection in premature newborns and further explored its influencing factors, which are instrumental for enabling early diagnosis of UU infection in premature infants. In this retrospective study, 870 preterm infants born in the Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University from June 2021 to December 2024 were selected as the study subjects.

Isolation and Characterization of Phage ZXL-01 and Preliminary Investigation of Its Therapeutic Effect on Periapical Periodontitis.

() is a major pathogen responsible for refractory apical periodontitis (RAP). It can penetrate deep into dentinal tubules, form persistent biofilms, and exhibit antibiotic resistance, thereby limiting the efficacy of conventional antimicrobial treatments. Bacteriophages (phages), due to their strong lytic activity and host specificity, have emerged as promising alternatives.

Biological Characteristics and Genomic Analysis of Lytic Phage XC1.

This study aims to isolate and characterize the lytic phage XC1 targeting and systematically analyze its biological properties and genomic structure, providing theoretical support for developing novel treatments against antibiotic-resistant infections. Phage XC1 was isolated and purified from lake water. Its morphology, optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI), thermal stability, and pH tolerance were analyzed.

The mediating role of resilience in the relationships between posttraumatic growth and depression as well as anxiety among survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) survivors demonstrate heightened vulnerability to depression and anxiety, while posttraumatic growth (PTG) and resilience have been reported as important protective factors for mental health. This study examined the mediating role of resilience in the associations between PTG and both depression and anxiety among NPC survivors.

Methods: A total of 773 NPC survivors were recruited through convenience sampling at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China).

HDAC3 in neurodevelopmental disorders: Molecular mechanisms and targeted intervention.

Autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorders are increasingly linked to genetic mutations that interfere with brain development and function. Among the genes implicated, HDAC3 plays a central role as an epigenetic regulator, maintaining chromatin structure and controlling gene expression. Mutations in HDAC3 have been associated with developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and autism spectrum disorder.

Comparison of depressive and anxiety symptom networks in maltreated and non-maltreated adolescents.

Background: Maltreatment is a well-established risk factor for both depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, the symptom-level associations between these mental health issues in adolescents with and without a history of maltreatment remain underexplored. This study employed network analysis to compare depressive and anxiety symptom networks across these two groups.

Cancer biomarkers discovered using pan-cancer plasma proteomic profiling.

Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic data of tumour patient plasma samples present opportunities for improving cancer detection. Here we generate plasma proteomic profiles from 2,251 pan-cancer patient samples and investigate potential diagnostic biomarkers. Proteomic subtyping with different dominant tumour types links proteomic features and clinical indicators such as tumour stage.

Impact of kindergarten structures on the dynamics of hand, foot, and mouth disease and the effects of intervention strategies: an agent-based modeling study.

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) poses an unignorable threat to the health of kindergarten children. Kindergarten structures (i.e.

KDM4B enhances immune surveillance via demethylating cGAS.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) serves as a crucial sentinel in innate immunity by sensing cytosolic DNA, yet the molecular mechanisms governing its activation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify lysine demethylase 4B (KDM4B) as the specific demethylase that erases cGAS K350 methylation, facilitating its chromatin release and subsequent activation. Genetic ablation of Kdm4b compromised both antiviral immunity against HSV-1 infection and antitumor responses, while also diminishing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

Therapeutic potential of targeting the NEDD4L-eEF1A1 axis in cancer therapy.

Abnormal proliferation and migration of endothelial cells are key contributors to tumor angiogenesis. Recent studies have shown that the crucial role of E3 ubiquitin ligase neuronal precursor cell expression developmentally downregulated 4-like (NEDD4L) in tumorigenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which NEDD4L functions in endothelial cells remain unclear.

Prevalence of Tuberculosis among migrants under national screening programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global public health threat, particularly among migrant populations. Screening policies exist in many receiving countries but differ markedly, and there is limited pooled evidence on TB and latent TB infection (LTBI) prevalence among migrants under different screening frameworks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize TB and LTBI prevalence among migrants and compared national screening policies to inform evidence-based public health planning.

Becoming a foodie in virtual environments: simulating and enhancing the eating experience with wearable electronics for the next-generation VR/AR.

Human-machine interfaces (HMIs) have received significant attention for their potential in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Perception of food is an important component of human sensations closely related to healthcare and overall quality of life, which, however, is an underrepresented area in current VR/AR technologies. This review summarizes recent progress in simulating chemical and physical sensations for enhancing eating experiences by utilizing emerging wearable electronics.

Impaired glymphatic system function in relapsing-remitting multiple Sclerosis: Insights from diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS).

In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, an enlarged perivascular space, cognitive impairment, and inflammatory immune response has been associated with the glymphatic dysfunction. Therefore, we employed the diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) to evaluate glymphatic function in RRMS patients. The study included 39 RRMS patients and 34 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC).

From virtual to reality: application of a novel 3D printing hollow model for early-stage lung cancer in the clinical teaching of thoracoscopic sublobar resection.

Background: The integration of medical-engineering interdisciplinary technology has transformed clinical skills and anatomical knowledge teaching. Three-dimensional printing (3DP), an innovative tool, shows promise in enhancing surgical training and anatomical understanding. This study evaluates the educational efficacy of a 3DP lung cancer model optimized for surgery in teaching thoracoscopic sublobar resection.

Competitive adsorption of arsenic, phosphate and humic substances onto goethite combined with the NOM-CD model quantification.

In natural ecosystems, the (bio)availability of arsenic and phosphorus is greatly controlled by their interactions with metal (hydr)oxides and organic matter. Humic substances (HS), encompassing humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA), constitute the primary form of organic matter. In this study, batch adsorption experiments were conducted and integrated with the NOM-CD model to achieve a molecular-level understanding of HS on the competitive interactions among arsenite, arsenate, and phosphate on goethite surfaces.

Association of parental adverse childhood experiences and educational level with offspring mortality: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Despite growing interest in the intergenerational impacts of adversity, evidence on the association between parental adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on offspring mortality remains limited, and the potential mediating role of parental education is underexplored.

Objectives: To investigate associations of parental ACEs with offspring mortality, and to explore whether parental educational level mediates these associations.

Participants And Setting: This cross-sectional study included 6052 fathers (corresponding to 15,493 offspring) and 6679 mothers (corresponding to 17,687 offspring) from the 2014 life history survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Lactate dehydrogenase B facilitates disulfidptosis and exhaustion of tumour-infiltrating CD8 T cells.

The aberrant accumulation of intracellular disulfides promotes cancer cell disulfidptosis; however, how disulfide stress influences tumour-infiltrating CD8 T cell function remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) facilitates intratumoural CD8 T cell disulfidptosis and exhaustion, leading to impaired antitumour immunity. SLC7A11-mediated cystine uptake by CD8 T cells induces disulfidptosis, which plays critical roles in the development of exhausted CD8 T cells.

Randomized comparison of AI enhanced 3D printing and traditional simulations in hepatobiliary surgery.

We employed a three-phase approach, culminating in a randomized controlled trial, to assess the efficacy of 3D-printed liver models in hepatobiliary surgical planning. Phase one involved developing and selecting 35 optimal 3DP models based on timeliness, cost, precision, and alignment with digital simulations. Phase two utilized deep learning algorithms to optimize the 3D reconstruction process, significantly enhancing efficiency and accuracy compared to manual segmentation.

Parental Education, Own Education, and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Importance: There is a lack of research examining the direct and independent associations of maternal and paternal education with later-life cognitive decline across diverse contexts.

Objective: To evaluate the independent association of maternal and paternal education with cognitive decline over time among middle-aged and older adults in 4 countries, and to assess whether these associations are mediated by individuals' own education.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicohort study used data from 4 nationally representative cohorts, including the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS; 2011-2015), the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; 2010-2018) in the US, the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA; 2010-2018), and the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS; 2012-2018).

hnRNPM regulates influenza A virus replication through distinct mechanisms in human and avian cells: implications for cross-species transmission.

The eight-segmented RNA genome of influenza A virus (IAV) is transcribed and spliced into 10 major viral mRNAs in the nucleus of infected cells. Both transcription and splicing are facilitated by the host RNA polymerase II (Pol II) machinery via interactions between the viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complex and various host factors. In this study, we demonstrate that IAV vRNPs recruit species-specific heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNPM) to support their replication in human and avian cells through distinct mechanisms.