Cost-effectiveness analysis of toripalimab plus chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy in first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: perspectives from the United States and China.

Background: Toripalimab combined with chemotherapy has demonstrated significant clinical advantages in improving overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone as a first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Method: An economic evaluation was conducted using a Markov state-transition model to reflect the perspectives of the United States payer and Chinese healthcare systems. Primary outcomes included quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), incremental net health benefit (INHB), and incremental net monetary benefit (INMB).

Recent advances in tumor immunotherapy based on NK cells.

Immunotherapy has emerged as the established fourth pillar of cancer treatment following surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, representing a cutting-edge research domain in translational medicine and clinical oncology. Natural killer (NK) cells, a type of innate cytotoxic lymphocyte, possess unique antitumor properties that are independent of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restrictions, making them promising candidates for "off-the-shelf" therapeutic products. NK cells can eliminate tumor cells through various mechanisms.

The impact of long-term trends in continuity of care on the medical expenses of hypertensive patients: based on group-based trajectory model.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify long-term trends in continuity of care (COC) among hypertensive patients using group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) and evaluate their association with medical expenses, thereby providing evidence for chronic disease management.

Methods: We analyzed 6-year (2016-2021) reimbursement data of the social health insurance from Yuhuan City, China, including 30,545 hypertensive adults. Continuity of Care Index (COCI) was calculated annually.

[Biomechanical analysis of a novel bridging plate for treating Rockwood III acromioclavicular joint dislocation].

Objectives: To assess the biomechanical performance of a novel bridging plate for treating Rockwood III acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Methods: A novel bridging plate structure was designed based on CT data from a patient with Rockwood type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation, and a finite element model of the bridging plate-acromioclavicular joint interaction was constructed. The stress and deformation characteristics and biomechanical compatibility of the plate under post-reduction, normal loading, and impact loading conditions were analyzed to evaluate its fixation mechanism and clinical advantages.

Targeting SARM1 as a novel neuroprotective therapy in neurotropic viral infections.

Viral encephalitis, resulting from neurotropic viral infections, leads to severe neurological impairment, inflammation, and exhibits high mortality rates with poor prognosis. Currently, there is a lack of effective targeted treatments for this disease, which poses a significant public health concern. SARM1 has been identified as the pivotal mediator of axonal degeneration and inflammation across various neuropathies, activated by an elevation in the NMN/NAD ratio.

The basic-region/leucine-zipper-motif 53 improves cotton's salt tolerance by inhibiting tryptophan-arginine-lysine-tyrosine 68 expression and enhancing superoxide dismutase activity.

Basic-region/leucine-zipper-motif (bZIP) transcription factors are key players in modulating plant response to saline stress. However, whether and how GhbZIP53 regulates salt tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is an enigma. Here, GhbZIP53 expression was demonstrated to be activated by NaCl, and GhbZIP53 positively regulated salt resistance by enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.

Selective cerebral hypothermia alleviates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via enhancing SUMO2/3 modification of Drp1 in rats.

Background: Selective Cerebral Hypothermia (SCH) has been demonstrated to potentiate SUMO2/3 modification, a native cellular safeguard against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (CIRI). Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (Drp1), a pivotal regulator in the mitochondrial fission pathway, is an important substrate for SUMO2/3 modification. However, effects of SCH on SUMO2/3 modification of Drp1 remain undefined.

Negative linear compressibility from helix in zinc carbodiimide.

Zinc carbodiimide, Zn(CN), exhibits negative linear compressibility (NLC) along the -axis under hydrostatic pressure. Density functional theory calculations indicate that at high pressure, the - and -axes shrink, while the infinite -Zn-N-C-N- helical chains elongate through inter-chain Zn-N bonds, leading to expansion of the crystal along the -axis.

Effectiveness of perioperative remimazolam in preventing postoperative delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To compare the POD rates in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery who received remimazolam perioperatively versus placebo or other sedatives.

Methods: We systematically searched four major databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed) for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to July 11, 2024. Literature quality evaluation was used the bias risk table in Review Manager 5.

GhWRKY207 improves drought tolerance through promoting the expression of GhCSD3 and GhFSD2 in Gossypium hirsutum.

Tryptophan-arginine-lysine-tyrosine (WRKY) transcription factors are essential regulators of drought tolerance in multiple plants. However, whether and how GhWRKY207 modulates cotton response to drought stress is unclear. In this study, we determined that GhWRKY207 expression was high in leaves and induced by drought stress.

County-Level Integrated Healthcare Practice in China: A Kaiser Permanente-Inspired Approach.

Introduction: China's rapidly aging population and rise in chronic diseases put immense strain on the country's healthcare system. To address these challenges, Yuhuan People's Hospital established County-level Integrated Health Organization (CIHO) as part of the Healthy China 2030 initiative.

Description: Based on the Kaiser Permanente (KP) model, the CIHO takes a multi-disciplinary, collaborative approach to deliver integrated care.

Study on interfacial mechanical properties and structural detail damage of CRTS II slab ballastless track.

The CRTS (China Railway Track System) II slab ballastless track is widely utilized in high-speed railway construction owing to its excellent structural integrity. However, its interfacial performance deteriorates under high-temperature conditions, leading to significant damage in structural details. Furthermore, the evolution of its performance under these conditions has not been comprehensively studied.

MF-06 alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier from damage in chicks infected with via activating the Wnt/-catenin pathway.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the protective efficacy of MF-06 as a potential alternative to antibiotics in mitigating intestinal mucosal damage in chicks infected with .

Methods: A total of 150 one-day-old SPF chicks were selected and randomly divided into five groups: control group (CK), probiotics group (EM), probiotics treatment group (PT), antibiotic treatment group (AT), group (SI), CK, AT and SI groups were fed a basal diet, EM and PT groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 10 CFU/g ; PT, AT and SI groups were gavaged with 1.

Impact of perioperative immunonutrition on postoperative outcomes in pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of perioperative immunonutrition on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: Conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Web of Science databases to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the topic of immunonutrition and PD. Subsequently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies, and finally conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.

Global research trends in traditional Chinese medicine therapy for acute leukemia: a comprehensive visualization and bibliometric analysis.

Background: The application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy to acute leukemia has been intensively investigated. However, the bibliometric analysis in this field has not been performed. This bibliometric study aimed to comprehensively analyze the research trends and active areas of TCM therapy for acute leukemia from 2000 to 2023.

Research on Shape-Controllable Localized Heating Method Driven by Digital Microfluidics.

The localized heating technique, which minimizes high-temperature impact on thermally sensitive components and reduces impurity dispersion during encapsulation, has become a focal point in MEMS packaging research. In this study, we propose a method for localized heating at specific positions and shapes. A localized heating device, based on distributed electric field control, is constructed, where a polymer droplet on the lower substrate electrode is driven into a liquid column under the influence of a distributed electric field generated between two parallel substrate electrodes.

Research Notes: Evaluation of recombinant Newcastle disease virus expressing gB protein of infectious laryngotracheitis virus as bivalent in ovo vaccine.

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and Newcastle disease (ND) are 2 highly infectious avian respiratory diseases that have caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. In ovo vaccination is administered during the late stage of incubation and is an attractive immunization method for poultry industry. However, most of the avian live vaccine strains that are safe for use after hatching are highly pathogenic to chicken embryos and therefore unsafe for in ovo vaccination.

Community Health Centers' Responsiveness and Its Associated Factors Among Outpatients in Southeast China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The responsiveness of community health centers can reflect the soft capacity of medical institutions and is related to the improvement of health outcome indicators. This study is aimed at assessing the level and distribution of community health centers' responsiveness and its associated factors among outpatients under the health-oriented integrated healthcare system in China.

Methods: A total of 634 outpatients were recruited from six community health centers in Zhejiang Province, China, in July 2022.

Effects of remimazolam tosilate on gastrointestinal hormones and gastrointestinal motility in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation: a randomized control trial.

Purpose: To investigate the impacts of remimazolam tosilate on gastrointestinal hormones and motility in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation.

Methods: A total of 262 American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I or II patients, aged 18-65 years, scheduled for gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation, were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 131 each): the remimazolam tosilate group (Group R) and the propofol group (Group P). Patients in Group R received 0.

M2 Microglia-Derived Exosomes Protect Against Glutamate-Induced HT22 Cell Injury via Exosomal miR-124-3p.

As one of the most serious complications of sepsis, sepsis-associated encephalopathy has not been effectively treated or prevented. Exosomes, as a new therapeutic method, play a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases, stroke and traumatic brain injury in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of exosomes in glutamate (Glu)-induced neuronal injury, and to explore its mechanism, providing new ideas for the treatment of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Camrelizumab Plus Rivoceranib Versus Sorafenib as a First-Line Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Health Care System.

Background And Objectives: Camrelizumab plus rivoceranib showed significant clinical benefits in progression-free survival and overall survival compared to sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to assess its cost effectiveness from the perspective of Chinese health care system.

Methods: A Markov state-transition model was developed based on the Phase 3 randomized CARES-310 clinical trial data.

Automated pancreatic segmentation and fat fraction evaluation based on a self-supervised transfer learning network.

Accurate segmentation of the pancreas from abdominal computed tomography (CT) images is challenging but essential for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic disorders such as tumours and diabetes. In this study, a dataset with 229 sets of high-resolution CT images was generated and annotated. We proposed a novel 3D segmentation model named nnTransfer (nonisomorphic transfer learning) net, which employs generative model structure for self-supervision to facilitate the network's learning of image attributes from unlabelled data.

Study on a Noncontact Microdroplet Separation Method under the Action of Corona Discharge.

Precision manipulation of various liquids is essential in many fields such as various thermal, optical, and medical applications. This paper proposes an effective noncontact microdroplet separation method that is based on the action of corona discharge. A blade-plate electrode is constructed to generate an ionic wind, thereby enabling the droplet to be separated according to the shape of the blade electrode.