Engineered peripheral CD4 T cells delivery across the BBB promote intracerebral Treg conversion unleashes microglial phagocytotic activity for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects thirty million individuals worldwide, but a viable treatment has yet to be identified. During disease progression, peripheral immune cells, including peripheral T cells, infiltrate the brain. Although CD4 regulatory T cells have been demonstrated to exhibit neuroprotective efficacy in AD, the precise roles of these cells in the brain remain elusive.

Loss of G-protein coupled receptor 68 in hematopoietic tissues enhances long-term hematopoietic stem cell function upon aging.

Background: G-protein coupled receptor 68 (Gpr68) was enriched in long-term hematopoietic stem cells, indicating a potential role of Gpr68 in the HSC function. However, there is no significant phenotype in the HSC biology of Gpr68 whole-body KO mice, which may be counteracted by compensation. To study an intrinsic function of Gpr68 in hematopoiesis, Gpr68;Vav-cre mouse model where the Gpr68 gene was specifically deleted in hematopoietic cells was generated and monitored here (C57BL/6 J genetic background).

HqHBP, a histamine-binding protein derived from the hard tick Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis, alleviates xylene-induced mice skin edema.

As one of the most important blood-sucking parasites, ticks can secrete various biological molecules to counteract responses such as hemostasis and inflammation in their host during the blood-feeding process. A cDNA clone named as Hq018 was identified from a salivary gland cDNA expression library of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis. A protein consisting of 217 amino acids with a molecular mass of 24.

Physical exercise mitigates the cognitive impairments by promoting ER-phagy in mice model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia in older individuals, exhibiting an increasing incidence worldwide. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control has been receiving attention in the pathology of AD. The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER will activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to cellular apoptosis.

Development of Orally Bioavailable Octahydroindole-Based Peptidomimetic Derivative as a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor against HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2.

A series of novel M inhibitors was designed and synthesized to combat the coronavirus, such as HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, and several compounds showed comparable antiviral activity to nirmatrelvir. Among them, an octahydroindole-based peptidomimetic covalent inhibitor showed strong inhibitory activity against Ms and exhibited broad-spectrum anticoronavirus activity with EC values ranging from 0.027 to 4.

Physical exercise promotes white matter repair after ischemic stroke.

White matter injury is a key factor impacting stroke recovery. Physical exercise can promote white matter repair. Immune cells, especially regulatory T (Treg) cells, contribute to strengthening white matter integrity, yet little is known about the underlying mechanism.

Voluntary exercise alleviates neural functional deficits in Parkinson's disease mice by inhibiting microglial ferroptosis via SLC7A11/ALOX12 axis.

Microglia are more susceptible to ferroptosis compared to neurons and astrocytes, which may compromise their phagocytic and clearance capabilities of α-synuclein (α-syn) in Parkinson's disease (PD). While the beneficial effects of physical exercise (PE) on reducing α-syn deposition in PD have been highlighted, the role of PE in modulating microglial ferroptosis remains unclear. This study focuses on the impact of exercise on inhibiting microglial ferroptosis and mitigating α-syn accumulation.

CLRNetV2: A Faster and Stronger Lane Detector.

Lane is critical in the vision navigation system of intelligent vehicles. Naturally, the lane is a traffic sign with high-level semantics, whereas it owns the specific local pattern which needs detailed low-level features to localize accurately. Using different feature levels is of great importance for accurate lane detection, but it is still under-explored.

Advances in deciphering the mechanisms of salt tolerance in Maize.

Maize ( L.) is a vital crop worldwide, serving as a cornerstone for food security, livestock feed, and biofuel production. However, its cultivation is increasingly jeopardized by environmental challenges, notably soil salinization, which severely constrains growth, yield, and quality.

Genomic identification of a pair of multidrug-resistant but non-pathogenic serovar Goldcoast isolates in southeast China.

Introduction: is an important foodborne pathogen that can induce severe diseases such as gastrointestinal disease and typhoid fever. Accumulating evidence revealed that 's resistance to antibiotics also seriously affects human health. Pathogenic serovar Goldcoast ( Goldcoast) was first detected in 2010 in China and was predicted to have an increasing tendency.

Cross-modal Guided Visual Representation Learning for Social Image Retrieval.

Social images are often associated with rich but noisy tags from community contributions. Although social tags can potentially provide valuable semantic training information for image retrieval, existing studies all fail to effectively filter noises by exploiting the cross-modal correlation between image content and tags. The current cross-modal vision-and-language representation learning methods, which selectively attend to the relevant parts of the image and text, show a promising direction.

Role of methyltransferase 1-dependent DNA methylation in affecting maize kernel development.

DNA methylation plays an essential role in plant growth and development, however, its specific influence on maize kernel development remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the gene responsible for the maize kernel mutant smk313 and identified it as the DNA methyltransferase ZmMET1. The smk313 mutants displayed a distinct small kernel phenotype and exhibited developmental abnormalities in the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL), the endosperm adjacent to the scutellum cell (EAS), and the starchy endosperm cells (SEs).

Physical Exercise Decreases Complement-Mediated Synaptic Loss and Protects Against Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Microglial Tmem9-ATP6V0D1 in Alzheimer's Disease.

Physical exercise is known to slow synaptic neurodegeneration and cognitive aging in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The benefits of physical exercise are related to reduced amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition and increased synaptic plasticity. Yet little is known about the mechanisms that mediate these effects.

Qinghaienin, a novel anticoagulation protein from the hard tick Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis, inhibits the activation of factor XII by competing for anionic surfaces.

Salivary proteins of ticks can inhibit host hemostatic and inflammatory responses during the blood-sucking process of the parasites. A cDNA sequence, Hq021, was identified from a cDNA library of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis. Hq021 encodes a mature protein containing 182 amino acids with a molecular mass of 20.

Enhanced antioxidant activity improves deep-sowing tolerance in maize.

Background: Deep sowing has emerged as a vital agricultural strategy, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, as it allows seeds to access water stored in deeper soil layers. This approach facilitates successful germination and establishment of crops, even in challenging environmental conditions. Previous studies have shown that the length of the maize mesocotyl is an important trait influencing deep-sowing tolerance.

Multiple ancestral components and complex origins of the Yugur people in Gansu province revealing by 35 Y-STR.

The Yugur people represent one of the ethnic groups residing within the Hexi Corridor, distinguishable by their small population size, linguistic diversity, intricate ancestral components, serving as a quintessential exemplar of the populations inhabiting this corridor. There are still many controversial issues in the academic community regarding the origin, migration, and formation process of the Yugur. In this study, we explored the formation process of the Yugur from the perspective of molecular anthropology, based on the paternal genetic characteristics of the Yugur people.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation alleviates NLRP3-related neuroinflammation induced by ischemic stroke via regulation of the Nespas/miR-383-3p/SHP2 pathway.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating brain injury in animal models. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of tFUS on ischemic stroke were explored in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. Low-intensity tFUS was administered to the ischemic hemisphere 24 h post-MCAO for seven consecutive days.

Impact of perioperative immunonutrition on postoperative outcomes in pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of perioperative immunonutrition on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: Conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Web of Science databases to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the topic of immunonutrition and PD. Subsequently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies, and finally conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.

GPR68 supports AML cells through the calcium/calcineurin pro-survival pathway and confers chemoresistance by mediating glucose metabolic symbiosis.

Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the "Warburg effect" that glycolysis is enhanced even in the presence of oxygen existed in hematopoietic malignancies, contributing to extracellular acidosis. G-protein coupled receptor 68 (GPR68), as a proton sensing GPCR responding to extracellular acidosis, is expected to play a critical role in hematopoietic malignancies. In the present study, we found that GPR68 was overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, and GPR68 deficiency impaired AML cell survival in vitro and cell engraftment in vivo.

Physical exercise-induced circAnks1b upregulation promotes protective endoplasmic reticulum stress and suppresses apoptosis via miR-130b-5p/Pak2 signaling in an ischemic stroke model.

Aims: Physical exercise (PE) can accelerate post-stroke recovery. This study investigated contributions of circRNAs to PE-induced improvements in post-stroke neurological function.

Methods: Rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were left sedentary or provided running-wheel access for 4 weeks during recovery.

Physical Exercise Improves the Neuronal Function in Ischemic Stroke Via Microglial CBR/P2Y12 Signaling.

Physical exercise (PE) may be the single most important and accessible lifestyle habit throughout life, it inhibits the neuroinflammatory response and protects the brain against damage. As the innate cells in brain, microglia undergo morphological and functional changes to communicate with neurons protecting the neurons from injury. Herein, aiming at exploring the effects of PE on the communication between microglia-neuron during acute ischemic cerebral infarction, we carried out running wheel training before the conduction of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in C57BL/6 J and Cx3cr1-GFP mice.

Blood Brain Barrier-Crossing Delivery of Felodipine Nanodrug Ameliorates Anxiety-Like Behavior and Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder leading to cognitive decline. Excessive cytosolic calcium (Ca) accumulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD since it activates the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), switches the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPR) toward proapoptotic signaling and promotes Aβ seeding. Herein, a liposomal nanodrug (felodipine@LND) is developed incorporating a calcium channel antagonist felodipine for Alzheimer's disease treatment through a low-intensity pulse ultrasound (LIPUS) irradiation-assisted blood brain barrier (BBB)-crossing drug delivery.