Engineered peripheral CD4 T cells delivery across the BBB promote intracerebral Treg conversion unleashes microglial phagocytotic activity for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects thirty million individuals worldwide, but a viable treatment has yet to be identified. During disease progression, peripheral immune cells, including peripheral T cells, infiltrate the brain. Although CD4 regulatory T cells have been demonstrated to exhibit neuroprotective efficacy in AD, the precise roles of these cells in the brain remain elusive.

Research trends and hotspots of single nucleotide polymorphisms in endometrial cancer: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy with increasing incidence, especially in developed nations. Understanding genetic variations, particularly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is crucial for uncovering the disease's pathogenesis, progression, and treatment responses. This study explores the global research landscape of SNPs in EC, focusing on field evolution, key contributors, and emerging trends.

Physical exercise promotes white matter repair after ischemic stroke.

White matter injury is a key factor impacting stroke recovery. Physical exercise can promote white matter repair. Immune cells, especially regulatory T (Treg) cells, contribute to strengthening white matter integrity, yet little is known about the underlying mechanism.

Voluntary exercise alleviates neural functional deficits in Parkinson's disease mice by inhibiting microglial ferroptosis via SLC7A11/ALOX12 axis.

Microglia are more susceptible to ferroptosis compared to neurons and astrocytes, which may compromise their phagocytic and clearance capabilities of α-synuclein (α-syn) in Parkinson's disease (PD). While the beneficial effects of physical exercise (PE) on reducing α-syn deposition in PD have been highlighted, the role of PE in modulating microglial ferroptosis remains unclear. This study focuses on the impact of exercise on inhibiting microglial ferroptosis and mitigating α-syn accumulation.

One-dimensional convolutional neural network-based analysis of dielectric spectral abundance in liquid-phase media.

Aiming at the difficult problem of component information analysis of mixed dielectric spectra, the component information characteristics of mixed dielectric spectra are investigated by one-dimensional convolutional neural network, and the component analysis of mixed media is realised. First, the mixed dielectric spectra of water, ethanol and isopropoxyethano (iso) with different volume ratios were obtained by experimental measurements, and the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method was applied to denoise the raw data, which provides a new data processing method for the effective analysis of dielectric spectra. Then, Utilizing the linear mixing model, we systematically obtained the dielectric spectra of binary mixtures of pure water and isopropoxyethanol with diverse ratios, along with those of multi-component mixtures integrating water, ethanol, and isopropoxyethanol at various proportion settings.

Bioinformatics analysis of shared biomarkers and immune pathways of preeclampsia and periodontitis.

Background: Epidemiological evidence indicates that preeclampsia (PE) is associated with comorbidities such as periodontitis (PD). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To enhance our understanding of their co-pathogenesis, this research investigated the shared biomarkers and pathological mechanisms.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation alleviates NLRP3-related neuroinflammation induced by ischemic stroke via regulation of the Nespas/miR-383-3p/SHP2 pathway.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating brain injury in animal models. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of tFUS on ischemic stroke were explored in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. Low-intensity tFUS was administered to the ischemic hemisphere 24 h post-MCAO for seven consecutive days.

Physical exercise-induced circAnks1b upregulation promotes protective endoplasmic reticulum stress and suppresses apoptosis via miR-130b-5p/Pak2 signaling in an ischemic stroke model.

Aims: Physical exercise (PE) can accelerate post-stroke recovery. This study investigated contributions of circRNAs to PE-induced improvements in post-stroke neurological function.

Methods: Rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were left sedentary or provided running-wheel access for 4 weeks during recovery.

Activation of P2X7R Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes the Migration and Differentiation of Schwann Cells.

In the vertebrate nervous system, myelination of nerve fibers is crucial for the rapid propagation of action potentials through saltatory conduction. Schwann cells-the main glial cells and myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system-play a crucial role in myelination. Following injury during the repair of peripheral nerve injuries, a significant amount of ATP is secreted.

Impact of Extracellular Matrix-Related Genes on the Tumor Microenvironment and Prognostic Indicators in Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Analytical Study.

Esophageal cancer is a major global health challenge with a poor prognosis. Recent studies underscore the extracellular matrix (ECM) role in cancer progression, but the full impact of ECM-related genes on patient outcomes remains unclear. Our study utilized next-generation sequencing and clinical data from esophageal cancer patients provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas, employing the R package in RStudio for computational analysis.

Physical Exercise Improves the Neuronal Function in Ischemic Stroke Via Microglial CBR/P2Y12 Signaling.

Physical exercise (PE) may be the single most important and accessible lifestyle habit throughout life, it inhibits the neuroinflammatory response and protects the brain against damage. As the innate cells in brain, microglia undergo morphological and functional changes to communicate with neurons protecting the neurons from injury. Herein, aiming at exploring the effects of PE on the communication between microglia-neuron during acute ischemic cerebral infarction, we carried out running wheel training before the conduction of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in C57BL/6 J and Cx3cr1-GFP mice.

Association between twin status with cognitive, behavioral development and brain structure in early adolescence: a retrospective cohort analysis based on the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Twin births are related with maternal and fetal adverse outcomes. Little was known about the comparability of the cognitive, behavioral development and brain structure between twins and singletons in early adolescence. This retrospective cohort study was based on data from the United States population-based, prospective, longitudinal observational Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study.

Association of modic changes and postoperative surgical site infection after posterior lumbar spinal fusion.

Purpose: Postoperative surgical site infection is one of the most serious complications following spine surgery. Previous studies have reported Modic changes (MC) represent a subclinical infection. This study aims to investigate the relation between Modic changes and surgical site infection after posterior lumbar fusion surgery.

Causal associations of cognition, intelligence, education, health and lifestyle factors with cervical spondylosis: a mendelian randomization study.

Education, cognition, and intelligence are phenotypically and genetically related. Education has been shown to have a protective effect on the risk of developing cervical spondylosis. However, it is unclear whether cognition and intelligence have independent causal effects on cervical spondylosis, and whether health and lifestyle factors influence this association.

Voluntary wheel exercise improves glymphatic clearance and ameliorates colitis-associated cognitive impairment in aged mice by inhibiting TRPV4-induced astrocytic calcium activity.

Background And Objectives: Chronic colitis exacerbates neuroinflammation, contributing to cognitive impairment during aging, but the mechanism remains unclear. The polarity distribution of astrocytic aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is crucial for the glymphatic system, which is responsible for metabolite clearance in the brain. Physical exercise (PE) improves cognition in the aged.

Mechanism of Fat Mass and Obesity-Related Gene-Mediated Heme Oxygenase-1 m6A Modification in the Recovery of Neurological Function in Mice with Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: This study examined the mechanism of fat mass and obesity-related gene (FTO)-mediated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) m6A modification facilitating neurological recovery in spinal cord injury (SCI) mice. FTO/HO-1 was identified as a key regulator of SCI as well as a potential target for treatment of SCI.

Methods: An SCI mouse was treated with pcDNA3.

The Schwann cell-specific G-protein Gαo (Gnao1) is a cell-intrinsic controller contributing to the regulation of myelination in peripheral nerve system.

Myelin sheath abnormality is the cause of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). G-proteins and their coupled receptors (GPCRs) play the important roles in myelination. Gnao1, encoding the major Gα protein (Gαo) in mammalian nerve system, is required for normal motor function.

Epigenetic mechanism of miR-26b-5p-enriched MSCs-EVs attenuates spinal cord injury.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapies for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). This study sought to explore the epigenetic mechanism of miR-26b-5p-enriched MSCs-EVs in SCI. MSCs and MSCs-EVs were isolated and characterized.

Molecular Mechanism Study of the Kinetics and Product Yields during Copyrolysis of Biomass and Solid Wastes: ReaxFF-MD Method Approach.

Copyrolysis is a potential method for the collaborative disposal of biomass and plastics. There is an interaction between biomass and plastics during copyrolysis. In this work, a combination of ReaxFF-MD simulation and experimental validation was used to investigate the pyrolysis reaction process of the biomass and plastic, observing the evolution of free radicals at the molecular level and exploring the distribution of pyrolysis products.

The transcription factor Stat-1 is essential for Schwann cell differentiation, myelination and myelin sheath regeneration.

Background: Myelin sheath is a crucial accessory to the functional nerve-fiber unit, its disruption or loss can lead to axonal degeneration and subsequent neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Notwithstanding of substantial progress in possible molecular mechanisms underlying myelination, there is no therapeutics that prevent demyelination in NDs. Therefore, it is crucial to seek for potential intervention targets.

Partially brain effects of injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at injury sites in a mouse model of thoracic spinal cord contusion.

Purpose: The pain caused by spinal cord injury (SCI) poses a major burden on patients, and pain management is becoming a focus of treatment. Few reports have described changes in the brain after SCI. Particularly, the exact mechanism through which brain regions affect post-injury pain remains unclear.

TREM2 mediates physical exercise-promoted neural functional recovery in rats with ischemic stroke via microglia-promoted white matter repair.

Background: The repair of white matter injury is of significant importance for functional recovery after ischemic stroke, and the up-regulation of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) after ischemic stroke is neuroprotective and implicated in remyelination. However, the lack of effective therapies calls for the need to investigate the regenerative process of remyelination and the role of rehabilitation therapy. This study sought to investigate whether and how moderate physical exercise (PE) promotes oligodendrogenesis and remyelination in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).

Low-dose aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies: A real-world study.

Background: The use of low-dose aspirin for women with twin pregnancies remains controversial. This study was to describe the frequency of preeclampsia and aspirin use in twin pregnancies in real practice.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study based on real-world data was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between 2013 and 2020.