Cost-effectiveness analysis of toripalimab plus chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy in first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: perspectives from the United States and China.

Background: Toripalimab combined with chemotherapy has demonstrated significant clinical advantages in improving overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone as a first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Method: An economic evaluation was conducted using a Markov state-transition model to reflect the perspectives of the United States payer and Chinese healthcare systems. Primary outcomes included quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), incremental net health benefit (INHB), and incremental net monetary benefit (INMB).

Cost-effectiveness of socazolimab plus chemotherapy vs. standard chemotherapy for first-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a U.S. and China perspective.

Purpose: Socazolimab, in combination with chemotherapy, has been shown to prolong progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). This study is the first to evaluate its cost-effectiveness from the perspectives of both the U.S.

Inhibition Effect of HO on the Heterogeneous Reaction between Isoprene and Fe-Substituted Cryptomelane.

The transportation and transformation of biogenic isoprene are vital for the organic carbon cycle in the troposphere. As a typical mineral with high oxidation potential, Fe-substituted cryptomelane oxidizes the surface monolayer of isoprene into formic and acetic acids, and simultaneously, the Mn ions in the structure are reduced to Mn and Mn. The flow of HO in isoprene decreases the adsorption and oxidation of isoprene significantly, even at low relative humidity (10%).

Injectable sodium alginate/4-arm polyethylene glycol-lipoic acid double-network hydrogel loading Ca-tannic acid nanocomposite treats periodontitis via anti-bacteria, ROS scavenging and osteogenesis.

The inflammatory environment of periodontitis with bacteria, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and limited regenerative capacity of alveolar bone makes reconstruction of periodontium become a huge challenge. The present strategies, such as local debridement and antibiotic injection, are difficult to solve above problems completely. Thus, to reverse the progression of the disease, Ca-tannic acid nanocomposites loaded into injectable sodium alginate/4-arm polyethylene glycol-lipoic acid hydrogel (CaTA@Gel) were fabricated, including Ca‑sodium alginate (SA) ionic crosslinking and radical polymerization of lipoic acid-modified 4-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG-SS) under UV illumination.

Synaptic cell adhesion molecules contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of fragile X syndrome.

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability and a monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders. Deficiencies in the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein, encoded by the gene, lead to various anatomical and pathophysiological abnormalities and behavioral deficits, such as spine dysmorphogenesis and learning and memory impairments. Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play crucial roles in synapse formation and neural signal transmission by promoting the formation of new synaptic contacts, accurately organizing presynaptic and postsynaptic protein complexes, and ensuring the accuracy of signal transmission.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer in the Chinese healthcare system.

Background: This study compares first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy alone for patients with HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) in China.

Methods: A Markov state-transition model was developed based on the phase 3 randomized KEYNOTE-859 clinical trial data. The health state utility values and direct medical costs were derived from the KEYNOTE-859 clinical trial, the relevant literature, and local charges.

Newly recognized orbital malformations in kabuki syndrome: A case report.

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital disorder with distinctive characteristics. Herein, we describe a KS patient carrying a novel mutation in the gene, c.11785C > T (p.

Enhancement Effect Induced by the Second Metal to Promote Ozone Catalytic Oxidation of VOCs.

It is a promising research direction to develop catalysts with high stability and ozone utilization for low-temperature ozone catalytic oxidation of VOCs. While bimetallic catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity compared with conventional single noble metal catalysts, limited success has been achieved in the influence of the bimetallic effect on the stability and ozone utilization of metal catalysts. Herein, it is necessary to systematically study the enhancement effect in the ozone catalytic reaction induced by the second metal.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Camrelizumab Plus Rivoceranib Versus Sorafenib as a First-Line Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Health Care System.

Background And Objectives: Camrelizumab plus rivoceranib showed significant clinical benefits in progression-free survival and overall survival compared to sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to assess its cost effectiveness from the perspective of Chinese health care system.

Methods: A Markov state-transition model was developed based on the Phase 3 randomized CARES-310 clinical trial data.

The scaling of elemental stoichiometry and growth rate over the course of bamboo ontogeny.

Stoichiometric rules may explain the allometric scaling among biological traits and body size, a fundamental law of nature. However, testing the scaling of elemental stoichiometry and growth to size over the course of plant ontogeny is challenging. Here, we used a fast-growing bamboo species to examine how the concentrations and contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), relative growth rate (G), and nutrient productivity scale with whole-plant mass (M) at the culm elongation and maturation stages.

International expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer complicated by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Lung cancer combined by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (LC-COPD) is a common comorbidity and their interaction with each other poses significant clinical challenges. However, there is a lack of well-established consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of LC-COPD.

Methods: A panel of experts, comprising specialists in oncology, respiratory medicine, radiology, interventional medicine, and thoracic surgery, was convened.

[Application of sulfylated calcium alginate composite hydrogel loaded with zinc-based zeolite imidazole for the treatment of periodontitis].

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of adhesive thiomer calcium alginate composite hydrogel (ZIF-8@CHA-SH) containing metal-organic framework for the treatment of periodontitis in rats.

Methods: Preparation and characterization of ZIF-8@CHA-SH were performed, and the morphology and chemical composition were observed. The antibacterial properties were detected by plate coating method and scanning electron microscope.

Safety and efficacy of immunotherapy rechallenge following checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in advanced lung cancer patients: a retrospective multi-center cohort study.

Background: Checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is one of the most fatal immune-related adverse events (irAE). However, only limited data are available on rechallenge with ICIs after CIP. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of rechallenge after CIP in patients with advanced lung cancer to identify the potential populations that would benefit.

Employing Mobile Learning in Music Education.

This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of introducing digital software in music education to improve academic performance and solfeggio class attendance. To assess academic performance, a test consisting of 25 theoretical questions and 25 practical tasks was developed. The Bologna model was used as an assessment system.

Proposed clinical phases for the improvement of personalized treatment of checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis.

Background: Checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) is a lethal immune-related adverse event. However, the development process of CIP, which may provide insight into more effective management, has not been extensively examined.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of 56 patients who developed CIP.

The Treatment Status of Patients in NSCLC With RET Fusion Under the Prelude of Selective RET-TKI Application in China: A Multicenter Retrospective Research.

Background: Rearranged during transfection (RET) fusion is a kind of uncommon mutation (about 1%) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) (selpercatinib and pralsetinib) have been available, there are no real-world data about the difference in the efficacy between RET-TKI and other regimens in China.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of 49 patients with RET-fusion-positive NSCLC.

microRNA-181a-5p impedes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of retinoblastoma cells by targeting the NRAS proto-oncogene.

Objectives: Accumulating research have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in Retinoblastoma (RB). Nonetheless, the function and underlying mechanism of miR-181a-5p in RB remain ambiguous.

Methods: The relative expression levels of miR-181a-5p and NRAS mRNA were detected by quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).

Serum neurofilament light chain or glial fibrillary acidic protein in the diagnosis and prognosis of brain metastases.

Introduction: Brain metastases (BM) remains the most cumbersome disease burden in patients with lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether serum brain injury biomarkers can indicate BM, to further establish related diagnostic models, or to predict prognosis of BM.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study of patients diagnosed with lung cancer with BM (BM group), with lung cancer without BM (NBM group), and healthy participants (control group).

Effectiveness of omalizumab in patients with severe allergic asthma: A retrospective study in China.

Background: We conducted the first real-world study of treatment with omalizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin E antibody, in Chinese patients with severe allergic asthma.

Objective: The primary objective was the steroid-sparing effect of omalizumab after 12 and 16 weeks of treatment. Characteristics of the patient population, treatment patterns, response rate, and other measures of therapeutic effectiveness were also reported.

Evaluation of Cell Surface Vimentin Positive Circulating Tumor Cells as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Lung Cancer.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a collection of heterogeneous cells. Studies have shown epithelial CTCs and folate receptor (FR) positive CTCs could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer (LC). This study aimed to determine whether cell surface vimentin (CSV) positive CTCs could be used as a biomarker for LC as well.

Management and Prognosis of Interstitial Lung Disease With Lung Cancer (ILD-LC): A Real-World Cohort From Three Medical Centers in China.

Background And Objective: Interstitial lung disease with lung cancer (ILD-LC) is rare and its management has not been fully described. This study aimed to investigate the management and prognosis of ILD-LC patients in China.

Methods: The present analysis is a retrospective real-world cohort study.

Management of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with driver mutation: two case reports.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare disease that most often found post mortem. Malignant neoplasms, particularly adenocarcinomas, are the common underlying diseases associated with NBTE. In recent years, remarkable advances in targeted therapy have been made, but the effectiveness in treating NBTE in patients with severe lung cancer is poorly reported.