Free radical switching behavior between initial neutral and buffer neutral condition during Fenton-like degradation over pyrite/hematite mineral.

Heterogeneous Fenton-like reactions have broadened the pH adaptation window of traditional homogeneous Fenton during water purification. However, the sharp decrease in their activity under macro-neutral conditions is still a large challenge. More importantly, although it has been realized that the pH value always changes during the heterogeneous Fenton-like process, there are still a few research focuses on the degradation mechanisms in different pH systems, especially the difference between initial neutral and the buffered neutral system.

Facile engineering bifunctional rhodium‑nickel metallene catalyst for urea-assisted hydrogen production.

Integration of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is a prospective strategy for energy-efficient hydrogen generation. However, developing highly effective dual functional catalysts for both HER and UOR is still challenging. Herein, two-dimensional rhodium‑nickel (RhNi) metallene with a wrinkled nanosheet structure is prepared by a feasible two-step hydrothermal approach, which provides numerous catalytically active centers and accelerates the charge transfer during the reaction.

Study on the isolation of rhizosphere bacteria and the mechanism of growth promotion in winter wheat in response to drought stress.

Introduction: Wheat is one of the three major cereal crops in the world and is susceptible to the effects of drought stress. Rhizosphere microorganisms can affect plant growth by altering nutrient absorption and resistance to stress. Studying the plant-microbe interaction under drought stress to reveal the impact of soil microorganisms on plant growth in dry land has important scientific significance.

Efficient Formaldehyde Degradation in Electro-Fenton Systems: Modulating HER/ORR Competition on Carbon Cathodes via Hydrophobic Modification.

Electro-Fenton (EF) has been proven to be an efficient method for formaldehyde degradation. Notably, the cathode in the EF system inevitably undergoes the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during operation. The excessive accumulation of H not only creates safety hazards but also, during its generation process, occupies oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) active sites and competes with ORR for electrons, thereby severely restricting both HO synthesis efficiency and formaldehyde degradation performance.

Gradient network structure of FeO@MnO/AgNW composite films: toward effective electromagnetic shielding.

Cross and secondary electromagnetic pollution is a major challenge in current electromagnetic interference (EMI) mitigation. In this study, FeO@MnO composite microspheres and AgNWs were prepared using modified solvothermal and hydrothermal methods. By optimizing the fabrication process and structural design of electromagnetic shielding composite films, we successfully constructed a composite film with superior shielding performance and reduced thickness.

Defense Responses of Native Plant Communities to Alien Plant Invasion.

Understanding the mechanisms that facilitate the successful invasion of invasive plant species is essential for improving invasive species management and ensuring biosecurity. Traditional invasion ecology has primarily focused on the traits of invasive plants or the static characteristics of invaded communities, while comparatively overlooking the potential active responses of native plant communities during the invasion process. Drawing inspiration from the concept of "herd immunity" in medicine, this study proposes that native plant communities may develop a "community defense" response mechanism through a series of ecological defense processes.

In-depth comparative immunotoxicity assessment of pristine and aged PLA microplastics in zebrafish larvae: Bioaccumulation and NF-κB signaling insights.

Polylactic acid (PLA) plastics are widely utilized as biodegradable alternatives, yet their fragmentation into microplastics (MPs) poses ecological risks. Comprehensive assessments and mechanistic insights into their immunotoxicity are currently lacking. This study systematically evaluated immunotoxic effects and underlying mechanism of pristine and aged PLA (APLA) MPs in larval zebrafish.

Development of SpyTag/SpyCatcher-driven thermostable cyclic laccase and its application in lignin and dye degradation and polymerization of phenolic compounds.

Laccases, belonging to the superfamily of multicopper oxidases, can perform electron oxidation on a broad range of substrates, releasing only water as a by-product. Although instability and aggregation significantly constrain the industrial use of these eco-friendly biocatalysts, it is a daunting challenge for current engineering strategies to elevate these crucial enzymatic characteristics simultaneously. Here, we developed a cyclizing laccase (CyLacc) using SpyTag/SpyCatcher technology, which endows the enzyme with high thermostability and high solubility.

Linking sulfur metabolism to biological nitrogen removal for sustainable wastewater treatment: Microbial synergy perspectives.

Sulfur-mediated coupled nitrogen removal offers an efficient and sustainable approach for wastewater treatment, but its practical application is challenged by complex microbial coupled mechanisms. This review analyzes the recent advances in sulfur-mediated nitrogen removal processes, with emphasis on microbial synergy, from theoretical microbial interactions to systematic coupling dynamics perspectives. First, we reveal the proactivity of microbially mediated nitrogen-sulfur co-metabolism.

Partially water-level-fluctuating strategy enhances rural greywater treatment in vertical flow constructed wetlands.

Vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) represent a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for sustainable wastewater management in rural areas. However, their limited capacity to tolerate influent fluctuations constrains their reliability in practical applications. This study aims to enhance the efficiency and reliability of rural greywater treatment by developing a new partially water-level-fluctuating strategy (PFCW) in VFCWs.

Multidimensional mechanisms of biochar in mitigating Fe(III) stress in anammox consortia.

The stress of high-concentration Fe(III) severely restricts the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) engineering application. Herein, we systematically investigated the mitigating mechanisms of biochar-mediated anammox system against Fe(III) stress by constructing a batch reaction system with a gradient Fe(III) concentration (0-100 mg/L). The results showed that biochar notably mitigated Fe(III) toxicity by synergizing multiple pathways, such as physical adsorption, chemical reduction, and biological sheltering.

Polymer-guided grafting of single W atoms onto titanate nanotubes increases SERS activity in semiconductors.

Metal single atoms have been demonstrated to induce surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) due to their effectiveness in the modification of electronic structure. However, precisely modulating the relative positions of metal single atoms on sub-nanolattices remains a formidable challenge, which makes SERS studies of metal single atoms dependent on localized environments still lacking. Herein, we rely on polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a soft template to achieve the modulation of the relative positions of W atoms on titanate nanotubes (W-TNTs) and probe the local-environment-dependent SERS induced by metal single atoms based on this technique.

The Impact of Cyber-Ostracism on Bystanders' Helping Behavior Among Undergraduates: The Moderating Role of Rejection Sensitivity.

This study examined how undergraduate bystanders respond to cyber-ostracism events and the moderating role of rejection sensitivity in shaping helping behaviors using two experiments. In Experiment 1 ( = 276), we first measured participants' rejection sensitivity, then manipulated cyber-ostracism using a social media interaction scenario, and finally, measured helping behavior towards the (non-)ostracism target using a questionnaire. Experiment 2 ( = 258) sought to replicate and extend the findings of Experiment 1 using a methodologically refined design, in which we employed a modified Cyberball paradigm to manipulate cyber-ostracism and measured bystanders' helping behavior through their resource allocation decisions (i.

Development and application of quantitative polluter-attribution relationship model for water quality variation: a case of water pollution-attribution caused by sand mining in the Poyang lake outflow channel, China.

Accurate identification of water pollution sources and quantification of their impact on water quality are essential for effective pollution control and precise management of the water environment. This article proposes a quantitative polluter-attribution relationship (QPAR) model based on recombination of samples and confidence interval estimation to evaluate contributions of sand mining activities to water pollution, illustrated through a case study of Poyang Lake. Specifically, the control variable method reorganizes the time series samples to construct submodels that quantify the impacts of three factors on water quality.

Laser-Ultrasound Responsive Nanoreactor to Remodel the Microenvironment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infection for Diabetic Wound Healing.

Diabetic wounds with drug-resistant bacterial infections pose a formidable clinical challenge, which is attributed to adverse microenvironments, including hypoxia, biofilm formation, and insufficient reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). To overcome these issues, a laser-ultrasound responsive nanoreactor that comprises NO-intercalated and defect-rich CoMn-layered double hydroxide (LDH) on black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets (D-CoMn LDH-NO@BP) is fabricated. It exhibits catalase-like activity for O generation, facilitates NO release under acidic conditions, and promotes ROS/RNS generation upon laser-ultrasound activation, resulting in ferroptosis, biofilm degradation, and hypoxia alleviation for accelerated wound healing.

Research Progress on the Preparation of Iron-Manganese Modified Biochar and Its Application in Environmental Remediation.

Biochar, a porous carbonaceous material derived from the pyrolysis of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions, offers several advantages for environmental remediation, including a high specific surface area, ease of preparation, and abundant raw material sources. However, the application of pristine biochar is limited by its inherent physicochemical shortcomings, such as a lack of active functional groups and limited elemental compositions. To overcome these limitations, metal-modified biochars have garnered increasing attention.

Ursolic Acid Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression by Modulating the FGFR1/AKT/ERK Pathway: Evidence from Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Introduction: Ursolic acid (UA) exhibits antitumor activity; however, its effects and mechanisms on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells are not well understood. The present study aimed to explore the anti- TNBC mechanisms of UA by network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Methods: TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 cells were treated with UA.

Enabling a Robust Long-Life Zinc-Iodine Flow Battery by Stabilizing the Zinc Anode in a Halide-Rich Electrolyte.

The growing demand for grid-scale energy storage calls for safe and low-cost solutions, for which zinc-iodine flow batteries (ZIFBs) are highly promising. However, their practical application is critically hindered by two issues: accumulation of insoluble solid iodine at the cathode and zinc dendrite growth at the anode. While halide-rich electrolyte can address the former, the anode instabilities remain a major obstacle.

All-Biomass Nanocomposite Films via Facile and Sustainable Design Procedure for Thermal Management and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Emphasizing sustainability and low-cost flexible films to overcome thermal accumulation and electromagnetic radiation pollution is an urgent need in response to the lightweight and integrated development of electronic devices. Herein, a fully biomass-derived nanocomposite film is proposed and fabricated by self-assembling nano carbon spheres (NCSs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) through a simple and scalable vacuum-assisted filtration method. The results reveal that the development of ordered and graphitized structures of NCSs through high-temperature pyrolysis facilitates π-π stacking, interfacial adhesion, and the construction ofconductive networks in the NCSs/CNFs films (NCF).

Phosphate-modified calamus-based biochar filler enhanced constructed wetland mitigating antibiotic resistance risks: insight from metagenomics.

In this study, an innovative phosphate-modified calamus-biochar (PBC) filler with high antibiotic adsorption capacity was developed to enhance constructed wetlands (CWs) wastewater treatment. Results showed that the erythromycin (ERY) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiency of PBC-CW was 86.5 % and 84.

MOF-Assisted Nanocellulose Paper-Based Platform for Multiple Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection.

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), crystalline solids consisting of organic ligands and metal ions, have attracted increasing interest in various areas, including catalysis and biology. Functionalizable pore interiors and ultrahigh surface-to-volume ratios of MOFs make them excellent materials, especially for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by the photoinduced charge transfer (PICT) between the MOFs and adsorbed molecules for SERS signal amplification. In our previous work, we demonstrated a p-n junction-assisted MOF substrate for enhancing the SERS signal through additional charge transfer, while the notable structural characteristics of MOFs benefit the SERS selectivity.

Protopanaxatriol, a ginsenoside metabolite, induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells and arrests their cell cycle by targeting AKT.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and the fourth leading cause of cancer death. Protopanaxatriol (PPT), one of the main active metabolic ginsenosides of ginseng, has been found to have neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, but its role in regulating colon cancer development remained unclear.

Purpose: We sought to confirm the inhibitory effect of PPT on colon cancer cells and elucidate its target and mechanism.

Copper single-atom-based flexible aptamer biochip for simultaneous monitoring of bladder cancer-related bacteria.

R apid and accurate detection of pathogenic bacteria is crucial for disease diagnosis in clinical practice. The infection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.

Cu-activated dye-sensitized upconversion nanoprobe: Overcoming pigment interference for ultrasensitive glyphosate detection in plant-derived foods and live-cell imaging.

The development of universal methods for pesticide residue detection in plant-derived foods is significantly impeded by strong UV-visible absorption from natural pigments. These pigments induce inner filter effects that distort fluorescence signals and compromise the accuracy of conventional sensing platforms. In this study, we developed a Cu-activated dye-sensitized upconversion nanoprobe for ultrasensitive glyphosate (Gly) detection in pigment-rich plant-derived foods.

Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate prevents radiofrequency radiation-induced learning and memory impairment in mice regulating GSK-3α/GRα/RORα/BMAL1 expression.

Radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation is an environmental hazard that causes neurobehavioral disorders and leads to learning and memory decline. In addition, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TFDG) is the most effective antioxidant and bioactive compound among the theaflavins in black tea, and theaflavins have been proven to provide protection against neuronal cell injury. Herein, we aimed to explore the salutary effects and relevant molecular mechanisms of TFDG on RF radiation-induced learning and memory damage in mice.