Development and application of quantitative polluter-attribution relationship model for water quality variation: a case of water pollution-attribution caused by sand mining in the Poyang lake outflow channel, China.

Accurate identification of water pollution sources and quantification of their impact on water quality are essential for effective pollution control and precise management of the water environment. This article proposes a quantitative polluter-attribution relationship (QPAR) model based on recombination of samples and confidence interval estimation to evaluate contributions of sand mining activities to water pollution, illustrated through a case study of Poyang Lake. Specifically, the control variable method reorganizes the time series samples to construct submodels that quantify the impacts of three factors on water quality.

Assessing the stability of suitable reference genes for real-time qPCR analyses in Perina nuda Fabricius (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae).

Perina nuda Fabricius (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae) is a significant pest affecting banyan trees, with a widely spread across Japan, Southern China, and Southeast Asia. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction is a cornerstone method in molecular biological science to evaluating gene expression; however, the accuracy critically depends on the selection of stable reference genes for standardization. Here, we systematically assessed 12 candidate reference genes' expression stability- actin (ACT), β-actin (BACT), arginine kinase (AK), ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), ribosomal protein L13 (RPL13), ribosomal protein L28 (RPL28), 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA), 25S ribosomal RNA (25S rRNA), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), tubulin (TUB), TATA-box protein (TBP), and elongation factor 1A in eukaryotic (EEF1A)-under 6 distinct experimental conditions relevant to P.

Lactic acidosis in hemophagocytic syndrome: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the intensive care unit-a case series.

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome resulting from uncontrolled activation of T cells and macrophages, frequently leading to multiorgan failure. Severe lactic acidosis (lactate ≥ 10 mmol/L), a rare yet critical manifestation, poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the intensive care unit. Here, we report two cases of Chinese men with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis presenting with extreme lactic acidosis, highlighting the necessity of early hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis screening in intensive care unit patients with unexplained hyperlactatemia.

Bidimensional regression and order relations: evaluating sketch maps with various spatial knowledge and distortions.

Sketch maps are the external representations of people's cognition of the geographical environment. Previous research on extracting invariant information from sketch maps has proposed various spatial relation methods, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative relations. However, sketch maps can encode varieties of spatial knowledge and distortions.

Near transform-limited nanosecond pulse generation in mode-locked fiber lasers.

By introducing significant anomalous dispersion in a fiber laser, we numerically obtained a mode-locked pulse with a pulse duration of 1.9 ns and 3-dB bandwidth of 1.3 pm, which corresponds to a time-bandwidth product of about 0.

Ultra-fast SOP rotation tracking and its enabled feedforward adaptive equalization based on superimposed chirp pilot.

We propose to track state of polarization (SOP) rotation by utilizing chirp pilots processed through fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). Superimposed on dual-polarization data signal, the chirp pilots with different FrFT rotation orders can converge to fractional energy peaks and then be distinguished by combining FrFT with MIMO structure. Consequently, SOP rotation resulting in energy distribution can be estimated by leveraging aggregated peaks in the matched fraction domain.

Hybrid low-complexity baud-rate sampling and adaptive equalization technique for 400 G/800 G coherent metropolitan area networks.

Baud-rate sampling and adaptive equalization (BSAE) techniques digitize and adaptively equalize received optical signals at the baud-rate and thus can concurrently reduce ADC and equalization power consumption compared with oversampling and fractionally-spaced adaptive equalization (OFAE) techniques operating at a higher sampling rate. Although suitable for short-reach intensity modulation-direct detection (IM-DD) based access networks or intra-datacenter networks, the BSAE techniques are generally regarded as not suitable for metropolitan area networks (MANs), owing to their limited capability to compensate for the large chromatic dispersion (CD) and in-phase/quadrature (IQ) skew distortions encountered in MANs. This constraint renders them inferior to the OFAE techniques able to compensate for arbitrary CD and IQ skew distortions.

Scalable four-mode cyclic converter based on a semi-inverse design approach.

The cyclic mode converter offers an appealing solution for eliminating differential mode delay and mode-dependent loss in mode-division multiplexing transmission systems. In this work, we present an innovative four-mode cyclic mode converter. This device boasts high performance, scalability, broad bandwidth, and excellent process tolerance.

Fano-resonant electric field sensor based on the thin film lithium niobate micro-ring with enhanced sensitivity.

Electric field sensing is vital for applications ranging from telecommunications to biomedical diagnostics, where high sensitivity and compact form factors are increasingly demanded. Traditional photonic integrated electric field sensors, despite leveraging electro-optic effects, often enhance sensitivity by enlarging interaction regions or complex optoelectronic circuits, compromising device scalability and footprint. Here, we demonstrate an electric field sensor on a lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform that enhances sensitivity by leveraging Fano resonance.

The role of prognostic nutrition index in the prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who received first-line therapy.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the anti-tumor efficacy and prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received first-line therapy.

Methods: A total of 234 patients with advanced HCC were included in this study, all of whom received first-line therapy. The clinical and pathological data of patients were collected.

Host-Affected Body Coloration Dynamics in Larvae: A Quantitative Analysis of Color Variations and Endogenous Plant Influences.

Insects' body coloration may be indirectly influenced by their host plants. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), commonly known as the Banyan Tussock Moth and a serious pest of banyan trees ( spp.) in southern China, exhibits light body coloration during its first- to third-instar stages, with its coloration progressively darkening as it matures, but little is known of the relationship between larval body coloration and host plants.

Brain activities associated with two-handed interactive movement during different motor forms.

Motor observation (MO) and motor imagery (MI) are important methods for motor learning. Abundant studies have explored the process mechanism of simple single-hand movements, however the brain activity patterns for two-hand interactive movements have not been widely studied. Although combined synchronously motor observation (MO) and motor imagery (MI) for one movement can enhance motor performance, the brain mechanisms underlying the performance of MO + MI sequentially in two successive different movements remains unclear.

 (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), a new species from south-eastern Xizang, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence.

, a new species belonging to Senecioneae (Asteraceae), is described and illustrated herein after being discovered during biodiversity surveys in Lhozhag County, Xizang Autonomous Region, China. This species is similar to (Wall. ex DC.

Targeting the IL-36 receptor with spesolimab mitigates residual inflammation and prevents generalized pustular psoriasis flares.

People with generalized pustular psoriasis experience underlying skin inflammation, even in the absence of flares. Spesolimab treatment helps control the inflammation and prevent future flares.

Analysis of the SEIR mean-field model in dynamic networks under intervention.

For emerging respiratory infectious diseases like COVID-19, non-pharmaceutical interventions such as isolation are crucial for controlling the spread. From the perspective of network transmission, non-pharmaceutical interventions like isolation alter the degree distribution and other topological structures of the network, thereby controlling the spread of the infectious disease. In this paper, we establish a SEIR mean-field propagation dynamics model for the synchronous evolution of dynamic networks caused by propagation and tracing isolation.

Morphological and Molecular Evidence for a New Species Within (Styracaceae) from a Karst Area in Southwest Guangxi, China.

, a novel endemic species with a narrow distribution in limestone regions of Chongzuo, Guangxi, China, is described herein. This new species seems somewhat similar to , but significantly differs from it by having long ovate or long lanceolate leaves, often with an asymmetrical base (vs. obovate-elliptic to elliptic, often with a symmetrical base) and fertile shoots with fewer flowers (1, or rarely 2 or 3, vs.

Global, regional, and national trends in thyroid cancer burden (1990-2021): Insights from the GBD 2021 study.

The global incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has been steadily increasing and is now recognized as one of the most prevalent endocrine malignancies. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with TC from 1990 to 2021. Data for this study were sourced from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD).

Increasing the Structural Chirality of Metal Nanocrystals Created by Circularly Polarized Light via Surface Ligand Engineering.

Plasmon-mediated synthesis enables isotropic metal nanocrystal growth with linearly polarized light. This limits the effect of the polarization of incident light during synthesis, and thus restricts the structural chirality of nanocrystals produced with circularly polarized light (CPL). This study here demonstrates that surface engineering of initial achiral silver nanorods (AgNRs) can enhance the structural chirality of the resulting nanostructures produced with CPL.

Self-measurement and calibration of amplitude-frequency response for coherent optical transmitters with limited DAC resolution.

Precise measurement and calibration of the amplitude-frequency response (AFR) of coherent optical transmitters (Tx) are paramount for generating high-quality signals, especially when the transmitter has insufficient bandwidth. The previously proposed self-measurement and calibration (SMC) method based on multi-tone signals (MTS) is cost-effective, fast, and convenient. However, this method exhibits a compromised AFR measurement precision in high-frequency regions, especially when the digital-to-analog converters (DAC) of the Tx have a limited resolution.

Probing the Effect of Electrode Thermodynamics on Reaction Heterogeneity in Thick Battery Electrodes.

Thick electrodes present a viable strategy for enhancing energy density and reducing manufacturing costs of lithium-ion batteries. However, reaction heterogeneity during cycling compromises their rate capability and cycle life. While this nonuniformity is commonly attributed to sluggish charge transport, it is demonstrated here that the thermodynamic properties of the electrode material play an equally critical role.

Diverse phenotypic manifestations of small intestinal mucosa in non-infectious common variable immunodeficiency bowel disease: A case report.

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary antibody immunodeficiency disorder characterized by diminished IgG levels. Despite ongoing research, the precise pathogenesis of CVID remains unclear. Genetic factors account for only 10%-20% of cases, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 10000 to 1 in 100000, affecting individuals across all age groups.

Epidemic Dynamics and Intervention Measures in Campus Settings Based on Multilayer Temporal Networks.

This study simulates the spread of epidemics on university campuses using a multilayer temporal network model combined with the SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered) transmission model. The proposed approach explicitly captures the time-varying contact patterns across four distinct layers (Rest, Dining, Activity, and Academic) to reflect realistic student mobility driven by class schedules and spatial constraints. It evaluates the impact of various intervention measures on epidemic spreading, including subnetwork closure and zoned management.

Function of doublesex and transformer-2 genes and its respond to environment factors in Dendroctonus armandi Tsai et Li (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae).

The doublesex (dsx) and transformer-2 (tra-2) genes play important roles in insect sex determination. However, the sex determination of Dendroctonus armandi in the native and coniferous forests of the Qinling Mountains is still unclear. In this study, we cloned and identified the full-length sequences of two Dadsx isoform (Dadsx1 and Dadsx2) and two isoform Datra-2 (Datra-2A and Datra-2B) in D.

Development and application of an intelligent platform for automated recognition of surgical instruments in laparoscopic procedures: a multicenter retrospective study (experimental studies).

Background: Surgical videos offer rich intraoperative data critical for surgical education, quality control, and skill assessment. However, their increasing volume and complexity render manual review impractical. To address this challenge, this study aims to develop an intelligent platform capable of automatically recognizing and visualizing intraoperative surgical instrument usage, and to evaluate its clinical utility in real-world surgical settings.

Comparative and evolutionary analysis of chloroplast genomes from five rare Styrax species.

Background: Styrax, a vital raw material for shipbuilding, construction, perfumes, and drugs, represents the largest and most diverse genus in the Styracaceae. However, there is a relative scarcity of research on Styrax, particularly in evolution and genetics. Therefore, this study conducted comparative and evolutionary analyses of the chloroplast genomes of five rare Styrax species (S.