Sesquiterpenoids from Euphorbia esula L.

Six undescribed sesquiterpene esters, euphoresulins A-F, along with fourteen known daucane analogues were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia esula growing in Uzbekistan. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, with absolute configurations established by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data, in addition to single-crystal X-ray diffraction crystallography. Euphoresulins A-F (1-6) presented sesquiterpene ester types of daucane for euphoresulins A-D (1-4) and aromadendrane for euphoresulins E-F (5-6).

Circulating proteins and bone mineral density: A Proteome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: Current osteoporosis medications often prove ineffective for various reasons. Alongside optimizing available agents, new genetic targets should be proposed for drug development. Mendelian randomization (MR) may resolve throughput and confounding issues in traditional observational studies for druggable targets.

Role of focus of attention in learning a fundamental movement skill in preschool children with differing perceived motor competence: A pilot study.

This study examined whether preschoolers' (N = 32, 19 boys and 13 girls, aged 5-6 years, aged M = 5.3, SD = 0.49 years) perceived motor competence (PMC) moderates the effects of focus of attention (internal vs.

Epidemiology of Hypertension in Psoriasis: An Analysis of Trends from 2006 to 2023.

Background: Psoriasis and hypertension (HTN) are known to be closely related. However, at present, no study has systematically examined the epidemiology of this disease pattern on a global scale.

Methods: We examined six databases from their inception until November 1, 2023 and used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of observational studies.

Biodegradable active films developed from low-methoxyl pectin incorporated with cellulose nanocrystals-stabilized oregano essential oil Pickering emulsions.

The development of biodegradable active packaging plays a vital role in reducing plastic pollution and improving food safety. In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were employed to stabilize oregano essential oil (OEO) Pickering emulsions (COPEs), which were then incorporated into glycerol as a plasticizer and calcium ion-crosslinked low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) to prepare degradable active films - COPE-LMP. We investigated the modification effects and compatibility of the COPEs within the LMP matrix via varying the proportions of CNCs and OEO.

CZT-POWERED PHOTON-COUNTING CT: A REVOLUTION IN MEDICAL IMAGING.

Photon-counting CT is an innovative advancement primed to redefine the field of clinical imaging. Unlike traditional CT systems that rely on energy-integrating detectors, photon-counting CT employs Pioneering energy-sensitive x-ray detectors to both count individual photons and measure their energy levels. This breakthrough enables greater contrast-to-noise ratio, sharper spatial resolution and enhanced spectral imaging.

A hybrid phosphorus-free nanoparticle with flame retardancy, antibacterial and wound healing promotion for cellulose.

The flammability and bacterial susceptibility of cellulose have always posed significant safety hazards in its application. A multifunctional agent (SiCA) combining flame retardancy and antibacterial activity was developed using nano-hybridization in this study. The SiCA was centered around nano-SiO, which was modified with a quaternary ammonium salt and a Schiff base.

Visualization of Met dimerization and cell migration interference by aptamer terminated tripodal DNA coacervates.

As a family member of receptor tyrosine kinases, mesenchymal-epithelial transition receptor (Met) promotes cell proliferation and tumor metastasis by binding to growth factors to form specific dimers. The sensitive and efficient detection of Met dimerization and monomerization is essential in medical diagnosis and intervention. Herein, we proposed a visual method for Met dimerization by using a single stranded DNA named Met-Apt-G4 (MA), which contains a Met aptamer and G-quadruplex precursor sequences.

Coating Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Associated Composites on Electrodes, Thin Film Polymeric Materials, and Glass Surfaces.

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as advanced porous crystalline materials due to their highly ordered structures, ultra-high surface areas, fine-tunable pore sizes, and massive chemical diversity. These features, arising from the coordination between an almost unlimited number of metal ions/clusters and organic linkers, have resulted in significant interest in MOFs for applications in gas storage, catalysis, sensing, energy, and biomedicine. Beyond their stand-alone properties and applications, recent research has increasingly explored the integration of MOFs with other substrates, particularly electrodes, polymeric thin films, and glass surfaces, to create synergistic effects that enhance material performance and broaden application potential.

Two lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from naturally fermented foods improves physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity, shelf life stability and metabolic profiles of Dangshan pear (Pyrus spp.) juice.

Lactic acid bacteria fermentation can enhance the biological activity and unique flavor of food through the conversion of nutrients. In this study, physicochemical and untargeted metabolomics analyses were performed on the fermented Dangshan pear juice (DSPJ) to determine the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MPS-PJ241 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei TD-PJ242. Both single and mixed strains could adapt to the pear juice matrix with colony counts more than 12 log CFU/mL and convert the sugar into organic acid with a decrease in the pH from 5.

Nuclear Autoantigenic Sperm Protein Promotes Cardiac Regeneration and Repair Through Activating the PDGFRB/AKT Pathway.

Myocardial Infarction (MI) typically leads to unfavorable heart failure due to delayed reperfusion treatment. The adult heart is generally considered a nonregenerative organ. In contrast, the neonatal mammalian heart possesses the unique and transient ability to regenerate after injury.

Multi-omics dissection of CPNE1 reveals its prognostic value and immune-regulatory function in liver cancer.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known for its high malignancy and poor prognosis. Despite some progress in treatment approaches in recent years, the prognosis of HCC remains unfavorable. CPNE1 (Copine 1), a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, has been shown to be involved in the development of various cancers.

Investigation of parallel joint density thresholds for granite tunnel failure based on physical model experiments and multiscale monitoring techniques.

Joint density significantly influences the failure modes of hard rock caverns, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study systematically investigates the impact of parallel joint density on the failure behavior of hard rock tunnels by integrating physical model tests with acoustic emission (AE), digital image correlation (DIC), and discrete element method (DEM) techniques. The results reveal a threshold effect of joint quantity on mechanical behavior and failure modes, identifying a single joint as the critical control point.

Biopharmaceutical Switching in Psoriasis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Patients with psoriasis may require a switch to another therapy due to high treatment costs, primary effectiveness failure, biologic fatigue, or adverse effects associated with the initial biologic treatment; however, the availability of evidence for the effectiveness and safety of interclass biologic switching for the treatment of psoriasis is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of psoriasis treatment after the failure of initial biologic therapy, particularly when patients switch to a second biologic.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception through January 25, 2025.

The role of prognostic nutrition index in the prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who received first-line therapy.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the anti-tumor efficacy and prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received first-line therapy.

Methods: A total of 234 patients with advanced HCC were included in this study, all of whom received first-line therapy. The clinical and pathological data of patients were collected.

Comparison of outcomes in autoimmune acquired factor XIII deficiency with and without underlying diseases: a systematic review.

Autoimmune acquired factor XIII deficiency (AiF13D) is an exceptionally rare and serious bleeding disorder. This condition may occur idiopathically or in association with comorbidities, such as malignancies or autoimmune diseases. Data comparing these distinct etiological subgroups remain limited.

AI-Based Quantification of Enhancing Tumor Volume on Contrast-Enhanced MRI to Predict Pathologic Response and Prognosis in HCC After HAIC Plus Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy.

Purpose: To explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of AI-quantified MRI tumor volume for assessing pathologic response in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus targeted therapy and immunotherapy (HAIC-TI).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 35 patients (46 lesions) who underwent HAIC-TI followed by hepatectomy. AI was used to calculate the tumor enhancement volume ratio (TEVR) from MRI.

The impact of bone channel entrance selection within the footprint region of the femoral anterior cruciate ligament on the achievement of near isometric ACL reconstruction in rabbits.

Introduction: Construction of an animal model of rabbit anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) near isometric reconstruction is a basic condition to study the patterns of graft stress and tendon to bone healing. The impact of alterations in the bone tunnel entrance within the femoral footprint region on graft tension remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the femoral tunnel entrance that provides the closest approximation to near-isometric reconstruction within the femoral ACL footprint.

Memory-augmented shuffled meta learning for visible-infrared person re-identification.

Visible-infrared person re-identification (VIPR) poses significant challenges due to the inherent differences between visible and infrared images. These differences result in lower similarity among individuals of the same identity across modalities and higher similarity among different identities within the same modality. Existing methods often struggle to effectively address this issue, as they fail to capture global similarity metrics with limited training data, which hinders the model's ability to learn discriminative features.

Optical Trapping of Aggregation-Induced Emission Molecules for Crystallization at the Air/Solution Surface.

This study investigates the optical trapping-induced crystallization (OTIC) of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules 4,4'-((1E,1'E)-anthracene-9,10-diylbis(ethene-2,1-diyl))bis(1-methylpyridin-1-ium) iodide (AEMPI) at the air-solution interface through luminescence. We synthesized the AIE molecule AEMPI, which exhibits an emission wavelength of 640 nm in powder form at room temperature. At the beginning of focusing a 1064 nm continuous-wave (CW) laser at the interface of an unsaturated AEMPI DO solution, its luminescence is hardly detectable.

PZT optical memristors.

Optical memristors represent a monumental leap in the fusion of photonics and electronics for neuromorphic computing and artificial intelligence. Here, we reveal the first lead zirconate titanate (PZT) optical memristor, working with a paradigm of functional duality: non-volatile setting and ultrafast volatile modulation via the Pockels effect. Fine-tuning and large modulation depth are achieved with an index change of 4.

Optimizing lightweight neural networks for efficient mobile edge computing.

In the era of rapid technological advancement, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has become essential for supporting latency-sensitive applications such as internet of things, autonomous driving, and smart cities. However, efficient resource allocation remains a challenge due to the dynamic nature of MEC environments. The primary difficulties stem from fluctuating workloads, varying network conditions, and heterogeneous computational capabilities, which make real-time task offloading and resource management complex.

Developmental pathways in plants: Lessons from Arabidopsis for crop innovation.

The emergence of molecular biology, along with the use of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model organism, has significantly enhanced our understanding of plant development. Research on Arabidopsis has led to the identification of key regulatory genes involved in various developmental processes. In the past decade, advances in genome sequencing and the decoding of numerous plant genomes have enabled the application of these findings from Arabidopsis to crop species.

Poor Sleep Quality and Mood Disorders: Risk Factors of Increasing Chronic Pain in Patients with Insomnia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of chronic pain and its risk factors in patients with insomnia.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients with chronic insomnia from Sleep Medicine Center in West China Hospital between May 2019 and February 2021. All patients were divided into two groups according to comorbid chronic pain or not.