Research on UAV aerial imagery detection algorithm for Mining-Induced surface cracks based on improved YOLOv10.

UAV-based aerial imagery plays a vital role in detecting surface cracks in mining-induced areas for geological disaster early warning and safe production. However, detection is challenged by small crack size, complex morphology, large scale variation, and uneven spatial distribution, further exacerbated by UAVs' limited onboard computational capacity. To tackle these issues, we introduce an efficient and lightweight small-target detection model, namely YOLO-LSN, which is built upon the optimized YOLO architecture.

A multiplexed electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous discrimination of cancer cell subtypes using multi-nanoparticle labeling.

Herein, an electrochemical sensing detection platform based on Y shaped DNA structures and the redox properties of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) - including AgNPs, PtFeNPs, and AuNPs, was developed for simultaneous detection of distinct cancer cell types, presenting a promising avenue for early-stage and prognostic cancer diagnostics in biologically complex environments.

PZT optical memristors.

Optical memristors represent a monumental leap in the fusion of photonics and electronics for neuromorphic computing and artificial intelligence. Here, we reveal the first lead zirconate titanate (PZT) optical memristor, working with a paradigm of functional duality: non-volatile setting and ultrafast volatile modulation via the Pockels effect. Fine-tuning and large modulation depth are achieved with an index change of 4.

Fut8 regulated Unc5b hyperfucosylation reduces macrophage emigration and accelerates atherosclerosis development via the ferroptosis pathway.

The accumulation of foam cells in the arterial walls is a defining characteristic of atherosclerosis. Enhancing their migration from plaques may represent a key strategy for slowing disease progression. Recent studies suggest that fucosyltransferase 8 (Fut8) impairs macrophage migration from the intima by modifying the Unc5b membrane receptor, thereby influencing the development of atherosclerosis.

Multi-omics reveals the mechanism of Trimethylamine N-oxide derived from gut microbiota inducing liver fatty of dairy cows.

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite produced by gut microbiota, and its potential impact on lipid metabolism in mammals has garnered widespread attention in the scientific community. Bovine fatty liver disease, a metabolic disorder that severely affects the health and productivity of dairy cows, poses a significant economic burden on the global dairy industry. However, the specific role and pathogenesis of TMAO in bovine fatty liver disease remain unclear, limiting our understanding and treatment of the condition.

Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity.

Introduction: Postpartum dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance caused by decreased feed intake and the initiation of lactation. Sijunzi San, a famous Chinese traditional herbal formulation, can promote gastrointestinal digestion and absorption and improve disorders of intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we hypothesized that Sijunzi San might alleviate negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by modulating the structure of the rumen microbiota and enhancing its fermentation capacity.

Combined analysis of lncRNA and mRNA emphasizes the potential role of tryptophan-mediated regulation of muscle development in weaned piglets by lncRNA.

Pork is an important high-value protein source that fulfills the nutritional requirements for normal growth development, repair, and metabolism. Tryptophan (Trp), a crucial amino acid for piglet growth performance and muscle development, has an essential yet unclear regulatory mechanism. To investigate the biological basis of Trp regulation of piglet muscle development and identify the related regulatory pathways, we studied 20 weaned piglets.

Protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation clinical trial evaluating video-assisted electronic consent vs standard consent for patients initiating and continuing haemodialysis in Australia (eConsent HD).

Introduction: Communicating complex information about haemodialysis (HD) and ensuring it is well understood remains a challenge for clinicians. Informed consent is a high-impact checkpoint in augmenting patients' decision awareness and engagement prior to HD. The aims of this study are to (1) develop a digital information interface to better equip patients in the decision-making process to undergo HD; (2) evaluate the effectiveness of the co-designed digital information interface to improve patient outcomes; and (3) evaluate an implementation strategy.

Plexin D1 negatively regulates macrophage-derived foam cell migration via the focal adhesion kinase/Paxillin pathway.

Background: Macrophage-derived foam cell formation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and is retained during plaque formation. Strategies to inhibit the accumulation of these cells hold promise as viable options for treating atherosclerosis. Plexin D1 (PLXND1), a member of the Plexin family, has elevated expression in atherosclerotic plaques and correlates with cell migration; however, its role in macrophages remains unclear.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses elucidate the mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in the regulation of mulberry seed germination under salt stress.

Seed propagation is the main method of mulberry expansion in China, an important economic forest species. However, seed germination is the most sensitive stage to various abiotic stresses, especially salinity stress. To reveal the molecular regulatory mechanism of mulberry seed germination under salt stress, flavonoid metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were performed on mulberry seeds germinated under 50 and 100 mmol/L NaCl stress.

CircGUCY2C regulates cofilin 1 by sponging miR-425-3p to promote the proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells.

Circular ribonucleic acids (or circRNAs) are an emerging class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that are involved in physiological and pathological processes. Increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in skeletal muscle development and meat quality regulation. In this study, it was found that circGUCY2C exhibits a high expression level in the longissimus dorsi muscle.

Genome-Wide Analysis of MAMSTR Transcription Factor-Binding Sites via ChIP-Seq in Porcine Skeletal Muscle Fibroblasts.

Myocyte enhancer factor-2-activating motif and SAP domain-containing transcriptional regulator () regulates its downstream through binding in its promoter regions. However, its molecular mechanism, particularly the DNA-binding sites, and coregulatory genes are quite unexplored. Therefore, to identify the genome-wide binding sites of the transcription factors and their coregulatory genes, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing was carried out.

Effect of miR-149-5p on intramuscular fat deposition in pigs based on metabolomics and transcriptomics.

As one of the important traits in pig production, meat quality has important research significance and value. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is one of the most important factors affecting pork quality. Many experimental studies have shown that IMF content is closely related to the flavor, tenderness, and juiciness of pork.

Transcriptome-wide analysis of RNA mA methylation regulation of muscle development in Queshan Black pigs.

Background: N-methyladenosine (mA) refers to the methylation modification of N position of RNA adenine, a dynamic reversible RNA epigenetic modification that plays an important regulatory role in a variety of life processes. In this study, we used MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of adult (QA) and newborn (QN) Queshan Black pigs to screen key genes with mA modification involved in muscle growth by bioinformatics analysis.

Results: A total of 23,445 and 25,465 mA peaks were found in the whole genomes of QA and QN, respectively.

Physiological and Proteomic Analysis of Seed Germination under Salt Stress in Mulberry.

Background: Salinity is the main abiotic stress that affects seed germination, plant growth and crop production. Plant growth begins with seed germination, which is closely linked to crop development and final yields. L.

On-chip mode-selective manipulation based on the modal-field redistribution assisted with subwavelength grating structures.

Efficient mode-selective manipulation in multimode photonics has drawn much attention as a key technology for realizing scalable and flexible mode-division multiplexing (MDM) systems. A mode-selective manipulation scheme based on the modal-field redistribution assisted with subwavelength grating (SWG) structures is proposed and demonstrated for the first time. In particular, the proposed scheme focuses on manipulating the coupling coefficient as well as the ratio / for different mode channels.

Identification and Functional Prediction of Long Non-Coding RNA in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Queshan Black and Large White Pigs.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) participates in the regulation of various biological processes, but its function and characteristics in intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition in different breeds of pigs have not been fully understood. IMF content is one of the important factors affecting pork quality. In the present study, the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and their target genes were screened by comparing Queshan Black (QS) and Large White (LW) pigs based on RNA-seq.

Treatment decision-making and care among older adults with kidney failure: protocol for a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study with nested substudies and linked qualitative research (the Elderly Advanced CKD Programme).

Introduction: Shared treatment decision-making and planning of care are fundamental in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) management. There are limited data on several key outcomes for the elderly population including survival, quality of life, symptom burden, changes in physical functioning and experienced burden of healthcare. Patients, caregivers and clinicians consequently face significant uncertainty when making life-impacting treatment decisions.

Construction and Comprehensive Analysis of miRNAs and Target mRNAs in Muscle of Queshan Black and Large White Pigs.

A miRNA-mRNA combination analysis was performed on the longissimus dorsi muscle of adult Queshan Black and Large White pigs by RNA-seq technology to reveal the molecular mechanism affecting pork quality traits. The sequencing results showed that 39 miRNAs were differentially expressed between Queshan Black and Large White pigs, which targeted 5234 mRNAs, and 15 differentially expressed miRNAs targeted 86 differentially expressed mRNAs. The qRT-PCR results showed that miRNAs showed similar expression patterns to RNA-seq.

CircSETBP1 Acts as a MiR-149-5p Sponge to Promote Intramuscular Fat Deposition by Regulating CRTCs.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) appear to be crucial in the process of adipogenesis according to mounting data. CircSETBP1 is a newly discovered circRNA associated with adipogenesis. Sequencing verification and RNase R treatment have confirmed the circular nature of circSETBP1 in porcine tissue.

Identification of Estrus in Sows Based on Salivary Proteomics.

The estrus cycle of multiparous Large White sows was divided into three stages to solve the problems of heavy workload and low accuracy of the traditional estrus identification method in pig production. Saliva protein was extracted from the oral saliva of multiparous sows. Label-free quantitative proteomics was used to detect salivary proteome, and MaxQuant software was used for quality control.

Survival, symptoms and hospitalization of older patients with advanced chronic kidney disease managed without dialysis.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) is important when considering whether an older patient with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) should be managed with dialysis or conservative kidney management (CKM). Physicians may find these conversations difficult because of the relative paucity of data on patients managed without dialysis.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a unit supported by a multidisciplinary Kidney Supportive Care (KSC) programme, in a cohort of 510 patients (280 CKM and 230 dialysis) ≥65 years of age with CKD stages 4 and 5.