Comparison of Remimazolam versus Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamics in Older Patients Under Lower Extremity Orthopedic Surgery with Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To compare the effects of remimazolam and dexmedetomidine on the hemodynamics in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Methods: This study evaluated 126 patients aged ≥ 60 years undergoing lower-extremity orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia, randomizing them into remimazolam and dexmedetomidine groups. The primary outcome was the incidence of hemodynamic fluctuations, such as hypotension and bradycardia.

Memory-augmented shuffled meta learning for visible-infrared person re-identification.

Visible-infrared person re-identification (VIPR) poses significant challenges due to the inherent differences between visible and infrared images. These differences result in lower similarity among individuals of the same identity across modalities and higher similarity among different identities within the same modality. Existing methods often struggle to effectively address this issue, as they fail to capture global similarity metrics with limited training data, which hinders the model's ability to learn discriminative features.

A federated vehicle re-identification benchmark and performance optimization using dual-phase contrastive dynamic aggregation.

Vehicle re-identification is pivotal in advancing intelligent transportation systems and smart city initiatives, but it faces privacy risks due to the central processing of extensive data. To address this, we introduce a federated vehicle re-identification (FV-REID) benchmark with a multi-domain dataset from five sources, evaluation protocols, and a baseline federated-averaging vehicle re-identification method (FVVR). Our studies show that FVVR underperforms compared to traditional models, especially under varied data distribution, and exhibits greater variability.

Study on debris flow vulnerability of ensemble learning model based on spy technology A case study of upper Minjiang river basin.

Debris flow is a type of non-homogeneous fluid with a high concentration that is created by melting snow and ice and heavy rainfall. Its formation and movement are intricate processes. The investigation of debris flow susceptibility assessment is crucial for disaster warning and mitigation.

Research landscape and trends of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes.

Background: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exos) have gained significant attention for their potential in cellular regeneration and functional rehabilitation. Nevertheless, the rapid expansion of research in this field makes it challenging for emerging trends and strategic priorities, potentially impeding scientific advancement. This study employs bibliometric analysis to systematically evaluate the research landscape and highlight pivotal research trajectories of hUCMSC-Exos.

Pectolinarigenin mitigates 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis via suppressing ferroptosis through activating PPARγ/GPX4 signaling.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), one of the mostly commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, frequently induces intestinal mucositis, severely impacting patient quality of life and limiting treatment efficacy. Pectolinarigenin (PEC), a bioactive compound isolated from Chinese medicinal herb Dajitan, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer properties. However, its protective effect on 5-FU-induced mucositis and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains unclear.

Effects of stellate ganglion block on inflammation and autophagy of spinal cord neurons in rats with neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.

Objective: To assess the therapeutic effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats, and to explore its potential mechanisms in alleviating neuropathic pain, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for clinical treatment.

Methods: A rat model of SCI was established, and animals were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the sham surgery group (Sham), the SCI group (SCI), or the SCI group treated with SGB (SCI + SGB). Motor function was assessed using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale, while thermal hyperalgesia was evaluated using hot plate test.

Opioid-free anesthesia for quality of recovery score after surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) on the postoperative subjective quality of recovery (QoR).

Methods: Our comprehensive literature search, spanning PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, targeted clinical trials that evaluated the effects of OFA versus opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) on postoperative QoR. The data were analyzed using Review Manager, STATA, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) profiler.

Identification of GPX3 and JUN as Tumor Suppressors in Thyroid Cancer through Integrated WGCNA and Mendelian Randomization.

Thyroid cancer (TC) ranks among the most common malignancies globally, with an increasing incidence among younger populations. While papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally has a favorable prognosis, other forms of TC, such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), are associated with poor outcomes. Although specific mutations, such as BRAF, have been identified in certain types of TC, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear.

Protocol for conditional mutagenesis in zebrafish germ cells using Tol2 transposon and a CRISPR-Cas9-based plasmid system.

Here, we present a protocol for conditional mutagenesis in zebrafish germ cells using Tol2 transposon and a CRISPR-Cas9-based plasmid system. We describe steps for conditional mutagenesis plasmid construction, zebrafish embryo microinjection, and screening for green fluorescence in the heart. This protocol is simple to execute, time efficient, and multifunctional, enabling the disruption of genes in zebrafish germ cells to be conducted with ease.

Structural insights into Semiliki forest virus receptor binding modes indicate novel mechanism of virus endocytosis.

The Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) is an entry receptor for the prototypic alphavirus Semliki Forest Virus (SFV). However, the precise mechanisms underlying the entry of SFV into cells mediated by VLDLR remain unclear. In this study, we found that of the eight class A (LA) repeats of the VLDLR, only LA2, LA3, and LA5 specifically bind to the native SFV virion while synergistically promoting SFV cell attachment and entry.

A universe of human gut-derived bacterial prophages: unveiling the hidden viral players in intestinal microecology.

Prophages, which are an existing form of temperate phages that integrate into host genomes, have been found extensively present in diverse bacterial species. The human gut microbiome, characterized by its complexity, dynamism, and interconnectivity among multiple species, remains inadequately understood in terms of the global landscape of bacterial prophages. Here, we analyzed 43,942 human gut-derived bacterial genomes (439 species of 12 phyla) and identified 105,613 prophage regions in ~ 92% of them.

Transcription regulation of African swine fever virus: dual role of M1249L.

African swine fever virus (ASFV), which poses significant risks to the global economy, encodes a unique host-independent transcription system. This system comprises an eight-subunit RNA polymerase (vRNAP), temporally expressed transcription factors and transcript associated proteins, facilitating cross-species transmission via intermediate host. The protein composition of the virion and the presence of transcription factors in virus genome suggest existence of distinct transcription systems during viral infection.

Cross-modal group-relation optimization for visible-infrared person re-identification.

Visible-infrared person re-identification (VIPR) plays an important role in intelligent transportation systems. Modal discrepancies between visible and infrared images seriously confuse person appearance discrimination, e.g.

High catalytic activity and abundant active sites in MC monolayer for nitrogen reduction reaction.

Developing highly efficient single-atom catalysts (SACs) for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia production has garnered significant attention in the scientific community. However, achieving high activity and selectivity remains challenging due to the lack of innate activity in most existing catalysts or insufficient active site density. This study delves into the potential of MC materials (M = Cr, Ir, Mn, Mo, Os, Re, Rh, Ru, W, Fe, Cu, and Ti) with high transition metal coverage as SACs for NRR using first-principles calculations.

Three-gene signature revealing the dynamics of lymphocyte infiltration in subchondral bone during osteoarthritis progression.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disorder, has an unclear immune infiltration mechanism in subchondral bone (SCB). Thus, this study aims to discern immune infiltration variations in SCB between early- and late-stages of OA and identify pertinent biomarkers. Utilizing the GSE515188 bulk-seq profile from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we performed single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis alongside weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify key cells and immune-related genes (IRGs) involved in SCB at both stages.

Structural insights into the DNA topoisomerase II of the African swine fever virus.

Type II topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes that play a pivotal role in modulating the topological configuration of double-stranded DNA. These topoisomerases are required for DNA metabolism and have been extensively studied in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. However, our understanding of virus-encoded type II topoisomerases remains limited.

Evaluation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in landfill liquids from Pennsylvania, Colorado, and Wisconsin.

PER: and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been measured in aqueous components within landfills. To date, the majority of these studies have been conducted in Florida. This current study aimed to evaluate PFAS concentrations in aqueous components (leachate, gas condensate, stormwater, and groundwater) from four landfills located outside of Florida, in Pennsylvania, Colorado, and Wisconsin (2 landfills).

Enterococci pathways to coastal waters and implications of sea level rise.

Highly urban coastal communities in low lying areas and with high water tables are vulnerable to sea-level rise and to corresponding increases in coastal groundwater levels. Stormwater conveyance systems are under increased risk. Rising groundwater levels affect the hydraulics of the stormwater system thereby increasing contaminant transport, for example the fecal indicator bacteria enterococci, to coastal waters.

A gut aging clock using microbiome multi-view profiles is associated with health and frail risk.

Age-related changes in the microbiome have been reported in previous studies; however, direct evidence for their association with frailty is lacking. Here, we introduce biological age based on gut microbiota (gAge), an integrated prediction model that integrates gut microbiota data from different perspectives with potential background factors for aging assessment. Simulation results show that, compared with a single model, the ensemble model can not only significantly improve the prediction accuracy, but also make full use of the data in unpaired samples.