Haplotype-resolved genome and multi-omics landscape reveal an epigenetic regulation of citric acid accumulation in lemon.

Lemon (Citrus limon L.), an economically important Citrus species, produces high levels of citric acid. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying citric acid accumulation in lemon fruit are poorly understood.

Gender differences in the association between the triglyceride-glucose index and peripheral artery disease in vascular surgery inpatients aged 50 and above: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a critical manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis, significantly affecting vascular health. Insulin resistance (IR) plays a central role in PAD pathophysiology. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyGI), a recognized marker of IR, has limited evidence regarding its association with PAD.

Selective Catalysis-Mediated Interface to Stabilize Antimony Atom-Cluster Anode for Robust Potassium-Ion Batteries.

Controlling the electrode-electrolyte interfacial behavior is crucial for achieving a high-quality solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and ensuring sustainable battery performance. Here, we propose a selective catalysis strategy to stabilize antimony atom-cluster (Sb) anode/electrolyte interface for robust potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). Specifically, the electrode featuring Sb in porous carbon (Sb/PC) as "electrocatalyst" unduly catalyzes the reduction of the dimethyl ether-based electrolyte, resulting in loose SEI layer and rapid capacity decay.

Starch-EGCG Complexes Improve Starch Fermentability, Acetate Production, and Alter Relations between Gut Microbiota and Starch Chain-Length Distributions.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major catechin in green tea, was selected due to its dietary prevalence and potential synergistic functions with starch. Starch-EGCG complexes represent a form of type 5 resistant starch, but their effects on gut microbiota relative to starch chain-length distribution remain unclear. Using an in vitro fermentation model, we analyzed complexes derived from five starches.

Pp1-87B/PPP1CC-JNK axis integrates apoptosis and ferroptosis-like cell death to regulate cell competition and tumorigenesis.

Cell competition, an evolutionarily conserved quality control mechanism, selectively removes unfit or pre-malignant cells via cell-cell interactions. Through a genetic screen in Drosophila, we identify the phosphatase Pp1-87B as an essential regulator of JNK signaling crucial for eliminating scrib-deficient precancerous cells during tumor-suppressive cell competition. Mechanistically, impaired Pp1-87B activates JNK signaling via the Moe-Rho1 axis.

Linking sulfur metabolism to biological nitrogen removal for sustainable wastewater treatment: Microbial synergy perspectives.

Sulfur-mediated coupled nitrogen removal offers an efficient and sustainable approach for wastewater treatment, but its practical application is challenged by complex microbial coupled mechanisms. This review analyzes the recent advances in sulfur-mediated nitrogen removal processes, with emphasis on microbial synergy, from theoretical microbial interactions to systematic coupling dynamics perspectives. First, we reveal the proactivity of microbially mediated nitrogen-sulfur co-metabolism.

Clinical characteristics and timing of intervention in 195 neonatal simple ovarian cysts: a 20-year single-center retrospective analysis.

Purpose: To characterize neonatal simple ovarian cysts (SOCs) and determine the optimal timing for intervention based on real-world clinical outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis included 163 neonates (195 SOCs) surgically managed at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2004 to 2024. SOCs were grouped by presence or absence of adverse outcomes and further stratified by diameter (< 30 mm, 30-40 mm, ≥ 40 mm).

The SOX4-Semaphorin3C axis promotes esophageal adenocarcinoma progression.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an aggressive malignancy with an approximately 700 % increase in incidence in Western countries over the past four decades. However, the molecular mechanism driving cancer progression remains elusive. In this study we have identified that SOX4, a transcription factor, is enriched in EACs.

Does Sulfasalazine Still Have Therapeutic Value in the Treatment of Axial Spondyloarthritis? A Real-World Cohort Study From China.

Objective: The efficacy of sulfasalazine (SSZ) in axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) patients meeting both 2009 ax-SpA and 2011 peripheral SpA (p-SpA) criteria is unclear. This study aimed to assess SSZ's clinical efficacy in pure ax-SpA and overlapping ax-SpA patients and to identify factors influencing peripheral symptom development.

Methods: SpA patients from 2016 to 2023 at the First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital were categorized into pure ax-SpA and ax-SpA with peripheral features.

Synergistic enhancement of 4.8 V cycling stability in Li-rich layered oxide cathode via single-crystal formation and consequent spontaneous Cl incorporation.

Li-rich layered oxide cathodes (LLOs) exhibit inherent instability during high-voltage cycling at 4.8 V. The design of single-crystal morphology is one of the strategies to enhance the high-voltage stability of LLOs.

Structural characterization and biophysical analysis of recombinant SpoIVB variants: insights into PDZ and serine protease domain interactions.

Sporulation factor IV B protease (SpoIVB), as a PDZ-protease, plays a central role in cellular differentiation via activating pro-σ processing at the σ checkpoint during spore formation. However, the molecular mechanism and structure of SpoIVB remain unclear. In this study, we expressed and characterized several recombinant variants of SpoIVB, including SpoIVB, SpoIVB, and SpoIVB.

Hemodynamic characteristics and clinical treatment of patients with iliac vein compression syndrome.

Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS), also known as May-Thurner syndrome or Cockett syndrome, refers to the compression of the iliac veins by surrounding tissues, typically the compression of the left iliac vein by the right iliac artery anteriorly and the vertebral body posteriorly. A narrowed iliac vein leads to a series of hemodynamic changes that can affect the function of the vascular endothelium and create an environment prone to thrombosis. These hemodynamic parameters can guide stent placement and aid in diagnosing IVCS.

Combined effects of high-fat diet feeding and Streptococcus agalactiae infection on lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and immune response in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

High-fat diet (HFD) and Streptococcus agalactiae are common pathogenic factors affecting tilapia health, yet their combined effects and underlying mechanisms are not well understood. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the potential response mechanisms in tilapia subjected to both factors. Tilapia were fed normal (NC) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 90 days, then challenged with S.

Soft reconfigurable logic gates with high-frequency electrical switching.

The development of functional soft materials has motivated replacing rigid electronics with stretchable logic structures. However, soft logic gates for macroscopic soft robots usually operate at low frequencies (<5 hertz). Here, we present high-frequency soft logic gates based on soft electric switches with ultralow latency (2 milliseconds).

Precious metal nanoprobes based on DNA modification: design, function and their application in biosensing.

Precious metal nanomaterials (PMNMs) have limited applications due to their ease of aggregation, monofunctionality and potential toxicity. However, the sequence programmability, biocompatibility and multifunctional integration of DNA enable DNA-modified PMNMs to combine the properties of both DNA and PMNMs have a wider range of applications in the field of biosensing. This paper reviews the research on the application of DNA-modified PMNMs grown in biosensing.

Oxytocin Receptor Regulates the Hippo/YAP Axis to Drive Hepatocarcinogenesis.

Dysregulation of Hippo signaling, especially the downstream effector YAP, is a critical driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, identifying therapeutic targets to block Hippo signaling could help improve survival outcomes for patients with HCC. Here, we conducted an unbiased siRNA screen on G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) targeted by drugs approved in the United States and strongly associated with the Hippo/YAP pathway and identified the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) as an important activator of the Hippo/YAP axis in HCC.

Recent progress of 3D-printed polymeric gel sensors for flexible electronics.

Solvent-impregnated polymeric gels, distinguished by their remarkable property tunability and excellent mechanical compatibility with biological tissues, emerge as highly promising candidates for flexible sensing materials and devices. These gel sensors are capable of transducing diverse health-related stimuli into detectable signals, thereby facilitating point-of-care diagnostics and advanced cyborg feedback systems. The reliable construction of materials or devices for gel sensors necessitates the development and application of suitable manufacturing techniques.

Selective capture of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution by mercapto functionalized zirconium-based metal organic frameworks.

UiO-66, a well-known metal-organic framework (MOF) with large surface area, modifiability, and high stability, has substantial potential for further advancements. In this study, UiO-66 is modifies with thiocyanuric acid (TCA) and 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (MTD) to prepare two high-sulfur-content adsorbents (UiO-66-TCA/MTD). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N adsorption-desorption analysis show that the modified materials retain their crystal structure.

Target density override in pencil beam scanning proton therapy for different motion target delineation: an experimental dosimetry analysis.

. This study aims to investigate the impact of target density override (TDO) on delivered dose in pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBSPT) by experimental measurement.TDO was developed using the density characteristics of all target voxels, employing a sliding window approach.

Bronchial granular cell tumor incidentally detected during preoperative evaluation of thyroid carcinoma: A case report.

The present case report describes a rare granular cell tumor (GCT) found in the right lower lobe bronchus of a 36-year-old male patient. The tumor was incidentally discovered during preparation for thyroid cancer surgery. The patient had noticed a neck mass 3 months prior to admission, which led to an ultrasound-guided bilateral thyroid mass perforated biopsy and pathological examination.

m5C RNA Methylation Is Dysregulated by Oncogenic Herpesviruses via c-Myc Signaling to Counteract Host Antiviral Factors.

Herpesviruses are a group of double-stranded DNA viruses known to develop versatile viral strategies to escape host immune surveillance for promoting their replication and propagation. This is illustrated by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic gamma-herpesvirus that overcomes host immune suppression by multiple mechanisms. In this study, we reported that KSHV dysregulates 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification and mRNA stability of host antiviral factors to benefit its lytic replication.

Current and future opportunities for lateral flow immunoassay strips based on tunable plasmonic properties of gold nanoparticles.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in biomedical sensing due to their tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) optical properties. The need for traditional sensing methods that do not offer the advantages of timeliness and portability has been addressed by the introduction of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strips, a point-of-care testing (POCT) tool, which offers the advantages of simplicity of handling, visualization, and short detection times. Thus, the combination between LSPR of AuNPs and LFIA strips has evolved to provide a powerful platform capable of ultrasensitive and multiplexed detection of a wide range of target analytes.

Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma with BRAF V600E and TERT promoter co-mutations.

Background: BRAF V600E and TERT promoter co-mutations are common in thyroid cancer and linked to poor prognosis. We aimed to study their relationship with PTC clinicopathological features and predict affected molecular pathways.

Methods: Customized mutation detection panels were designed according to PTC's unique mutational landscape.

Effects of a Digital Functional Exercise Program on the Disease Activities and Physical Capabilities of Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease, causes spinal stiffness, functional impairment, and reduced quality of life. While exercise is critical for managing AS, traditional home-based programs lack real-time supervision to ensure movement quality and adherence. Emerging digital tools like inertial sensors may address this gap, but their clinical impact remains unproven.

Recent Advances in Machine Learning-Assisted Design and Development of Polymer Materials.

The traditional research paradigm for polymer materials relies heavily on time-consuming and inefficient trial-and-error methods, which are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of modern research and development. With the rapid advancement of big data and artificial intelligence technologies, machine learning has emerged as a powerful data analysis tool, revolutionizing polymer material research and development. This paper provides an overview of machine learning techniques, summarizes common machine learning algorithms, and reviews recent progress in machine learning-assisted polymer material design and development.