ANK3 as a Novel Genetic Biomarker for Liafensine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: The ENLIGHTEN Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: This study represents a first successful use of a genetic biomarker to select potential responders in a prospective study in psychiatry. Liafensine, a triple reuptake inhibitor, may become a new precision medicine for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a major unmet medical need.

Objective: To determine whether ANK3-positive patients with TRD benefit from a 1-mg and/or 2-mg daily oral dose of liafensine, compared with placebo, in a clinical trial.

Important Elements of Quality Home End-of-Life Care in China.

Importance: The efficacy of home end-of-life care in enhancing the quality of life for terminally ill patients and families has been well documented. While previous studies have explored perspectives on quality home palliative care and end-of-life care in several countries, limited knowledge exists regarding its specific components in the Chinese context.

Objective: To explore the core elements that constitute quality home end-of-life care in China.

Inflammation in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: key roles and underlying mechanisms-a comprehensive review.

Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome, a newly defined systemic disorder, is characterized by the pathological interplay among diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have identified chronic inflammation not only as a central mediator in the pathological progression of CKM syndrome but also as a pivotal molecular hub that drives coordinated damage across multiple organ systems. Mechanistic investigations have revealed that aberrant activation of signaling pathways such as NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, and PPAR constitutes a complex inflammatory regulatory network.

External root resorption of second molars caused by impacted third molars: CBCT characteristics.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) characteristics of external root resorption (ERR) in second molars associated with impacted third molars.

Methods: This study analyzed 69 s molars diagnosed with ERR caused by impacted third molars in 52 patients (age range: 22-59 years; mean age = 31.2 ± 7.

Expert consensus regarding the clinical application of liver contrast-enhanced US with Sonazoid (Sonazoid CEUS).

Sonazoid, a combined blood pool and Kupffer-cell agent, can be specifically phagocytosed by Kupffer cells in the liver, allowing lesion detection and characterization of focal liver lesions (FLLs) at the post-vascular phase apart from the vascular phase which is similar to that of other second-generation US contrast agents. Sonazoid CEUS is currently approved for use in some Asian countries. With the increasing use of Sonazoid CEUS for FLLs in clinical practice, developing consensus or guidelines to help standardize its use is required.

Na-Cl Cotransporter (SLC12A3) Inhibition Exacerbates Age-Related Macular Degeneration Via the Nrf2/HO-1 Ferroptosis Pathway.

Purpose: To explore the causal links between antihypertension drugs usage and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Multiple genetic analyses, including summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR), traditional MR, and colocalization analysis, were used to explore the causal associations between antihypertension drugs and AMD. Clinical data from the UK Biobank and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was applied to refined risk assessment of specific antihypertensive medications in the context of AMD development.

A comprehensive panel of testing for amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis encompasses a spectrum of rare disorders characterized by extracellular amyloid deposition. Achieving an accurate early diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis necessitates biopsy-specific pathological evaluation. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens were examined using Congo red staining, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence, and Congo red-assisted laser microdissection with mass spectrometry (LMD/MS).

Surgical outcomes from haematoma evacuation for intracerebral haemorrhage in the INTERACT3 study.

Background: There is ongoing controversy as to whether surgical intervention to haematoma evacuation benefits patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to evaluate the association of surgical intervention to evacuate the haematoma and 6-month functional outcome in participants of the third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of INTERACT3, which enrolled adults (age ≥18 years) spontaneous ICH patients within 6 h after onset.

Self-enriching nanozyme with photothermal-cascade amplification for tumor microenvironment-responsive synergistic therapy and enhanced photoacoustic imaging.

Achieving precise intratumoral accumulation and coordinated activation remains a major challenge in nanomedicine. Photothermal therapy (PTT) provides spatiotemporal control, yet its efficacy is hindered by heterogeneous distribution of PTT agents and limited synergy with other modalities. Here, we develop a dual-activation nanoplatform (IrO-P) that integrates exogenous photothermal stimulation with endogenous tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive catalysis for synergistic chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and ferroptosis induction.

Profiling the metabolome of adenomyosis-associated infertility patients to predict the pregnancy outcome of frozen embryo transfer.

Objective: This study explores the metabolic profiles in the peripheral blood of infertile patients with adenomyosis (ADM) to identify key metabolites affecting pregnancy outcomes in these patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET). Our goal is to create a metabolite-based clinical prediction model for pregnancy outcomes in adenomyosis-associated infertility.

Methods: This prospective cohort study from the Reproductive Center at Peking University Third Hospital enrolled 94 infertile patients with adenomyosis and control (CTRL) patients undergoing FET.

Two-year outcomes of quantitative flow ratio-based physiology-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with low-risk acute coronary syndrome: a prespecified secondary analysis of FAVOR III China.

Background: The benefits of physiology-guided management in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain inconclusive due to limited evidence. In our FAVOR III China trial, a quantitative flow ratio (QFR)-based physiology-guided strategy versus standard angiography guidance improved the 1-year primary outcome among participants with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to investigate, in a prespecified analysis, the outcomes of QFR-based physiological guidance in the FAVOR III China participants with low-risk ACS.

A machine learning based dual-energy CT elemental decomposition method and its physical-biological impacts on carbon ion therapy.

Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enhances material differentiation by leveraging energy-dependent attenuation properties particularly for carbon ion therapy. Accurate estimation of tissue elemental composition via DECT can improve quantification of physical and biological doses.

Objective: This study proposed a novel machine-learning-based DECT (ML-DECT) method to predict the physical density and mass ratios of H, C, N, O, P, and Ca.

The X-Age Project to construct a Chinese aging clock.

The global surge in the population of people 60 years and older, including that in China, challenges healthcare systems with rising age-related diseases. To address this demographic change, the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) has launched the X-Age Project to develop a comprehensive aging evaluation system tailored to the Chinese population. Our goal is to identify robust biomarkers and construct composite aging clocks that capture biological age, defined as an individual's physiological and molecular state, across diverse Chinese cohorts.

Intestinal taurine acts as a novel immunometabolic modulator of IBD by degrading redundant mitochondrial RNA.

Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is hampered by issues of nonresponse and resistance, highlighting the urgent need for alternative or complementary treatments. Our study revealed significant upregulation of taurine in the intestinal tissues of IBD patients, which was inversely related to the severity of the disease. A key discovery was that TNF directly induced taurine synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells and increased the production of angiogenin, a nuclease that degrades mitochondrial RNA, which is known to amplify inflammatory responses.

Characterization of the extrinsic and intrinsic signatures and therapeutic vulnerability of small cell lung cancers.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor strongly associated with exposure to tobacco carcinogens, is characterized by early dissemination and dismal prognosis with a five-year overall survival of less than 7%. High-frequency gain-of-function mutations in oncogenes are rarely reported, and intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) remains to be determined in SCLC. Here, via multiomics analyses of 314 SCLCs, we found that the ASCL1/MKI67 and ASCL1/CRIP2 clusters accounted for 74.

Novel role of MKRN2 in regulating tumor growth through host microenvironment and macrophage M1 to M2 switch.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, though the molecular regulators governing its immunosuppressive properties remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we identify Makorin-2 (MKRN2) as a novel modulator of TME remodeling through integrated analyses of genetically engineered mouse models and human clinical data. Utilizing MKRN2 knockout mice, we observed significantly accelerated tumor growth compared to wild-type control, which was associated with profound alterations in immune cell composition, especially M2 macrophages.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the effects of Polygonatum Rhizoma polysaccharide on delaying C. elegans senescence and ameliorating Alzheimer's disease.

We explored the role of Polygonatum Rhizoma polysaccharide (PRP) in delaying aging and improving Alzheimer's disease (AD) and revealed its potential molecular mechanism. Through chemical characterizations to clarify the physicochemical properties of PRP, it was found that PRP mainly consists of mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, with molecular weights ranging from 7.4 × 10 to 9.

Global prevalence, incidence and years lived with disability of polycystic ovary syndrome highlights disease burden among adolescents.

Research Question: What is the global, regional and national burden of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), particularly in adolescents, based on data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study?

Design: Prevalence, incidence and years lived with disability (YLD) for PCOS were extracted from the GBD 2021 database, standardized via Bayesian meta-regression, and stratified by age, region and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). Temporal trends (1990-2021) were presented, and future projections (to 2045) were modelled using autoregressive integrated moving average models.

Results: Between 1990 and 2021, the global prevalence of PCOS increased from 36.

Competency of triage nurse in the emergency department: A scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Triage is an essential strategy to mitigate crowding and guarantee patients' safety in emergency departments. To improve the quality of triage in emergency departments, Nurses should be equipped with the necessary competencies. Therefore, this review aims to synthesize available evidence on the competency elements required for triage nurses in emergency departments and to identify factors that influence their competency development.

Differences in the Corneal Biomechanical Responses to LASIK and KLEx Based on Parametric Numerical Simulation.

Purpose: To use parametric numerical simulation to characterize and compare the differences in corneal biomechanical responses to laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) under various surgical settings.

Methods: The Finite Element Model was used in a parametric study to evaluate corneal biomechanical responses to LASIK and KLEx, considering variations in preoperative corneal thickness, corneal flap/cap thickness and diameter, refractive correction, and optical zone diameter. Surgery-induced stress, displacement, and interface contact pressure were compared between LASIK and KLEx using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Discovery of Potent and Selective Pyrrolo[2,3-]pyrimidine Derivatives as Fourth-Generation EGFR Inhibitors Targeting Triple Mutations.

Three generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have shown clinical efficacy in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but acquired resistance mutations─especially the -EGFR─remain a major challenge. Here, we report the identification of a series of pyrrolo[2,3-]pyrimidine derivatives that inhibit C797S-mediated EGFR triple mutants. Among them, compound shows subnanomolar IC values against Ba/F3 EGFR and Ba/F3 EGFR, while sparing wild-type EGFR.

Generic Intravenous Amisulpride (QLG2069) for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adults: A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: The dopamine D2/D3 antagonist amisulpride has demonstrated its superiority and efficacy in prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Given the branded intravenous amisulpride (Barhemsys) has not been approved in China, there is unmet clinical need for amisulpride. Our primary objective was to ascertain the efficacy and safety of the generic intravenous amisulpride (QLG2069) in the prophylaxis of PONV.

CpG ODN Combined with Gold Nanorods Enhances Immune Activation and Its Potential Mechanism.

Background: Immune escape of tumor cells is a common problem with tumor photothermal therapy utilizing gold nanorods (Au NRs). Whether CpG ODN, an immune adjuvant, can synergize with Au NRs to activate the immune response and its potential mechanism is not clear.

Methods: The effect of Au NRs combined with CpG ODN (Au NRs-C) on the activity of various immune-related cells, such as double-positive T cells, macrophages, NK cells, Th17, and Treg.

Mental health literacy and the stigmatisation and discrimination of individuals affected by mental illnesses in China: a scoping review.

Low mental health literacy (MHL) could contribute to misconceptions about mental illnesses and reinforce various forms of stigma (public, personal, and associative), leading to discrimination, reduced help-seeking, and poorer mental health outcomes. To summarise the current state of the literature on MHL, stigma, and discrimination, this scoping review identified 387 studies published from 2000 to 2024 in five English and three Chinese databases: 60.7% focused on stigma, 31.

Molecular mechanisms of the Suting Pill in the treatment of asthma: A study based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by complex etiology and marked heterogeneity. It is one of the most prevalent chronic airway conditions in children, with increasing prevalence in recent years. The Suting Pill (STP), a traditional Chinese medicine for childhood asthma, has an unclear mechanism.