Dual Modulation of Barrier Width and Height in van der Waals Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions.

Two-dimensional ferroelectric tunnel junctions (2D FTJs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years, which mainly change the height of the tunnel barrier via manipulation of the ferroelectric polarization. However, it is very challenging to realize the high tunneling electroresistance (TER) of FTJs based on the barrier height. Here, we report the 2D FTJs using a unique structure with semiconducting MoS/α-InSe/monolayer graphene, where ferroelectric polarization of α-InSe shifts the barrier height by 1.

The effects of tv/video viewing hours on later ADHD symptoms: a counterfactual analysis in longitudinal population-representative data.

Background: It has been proposed that early-life screen use can impact the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Some studies have supported a weak association between higher levels of screen time and ADHD symptoms; however, this association is vulnerable to confounding and a causal explanation remains controversial.

Methods: To help address confounding in this association, we conducted inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses in a large UK-representative longitudinal sample to examine the impact of TV/video viewing at age 3 on ADHD symptoms at age 5.

Exercise promotes neurological recovery by enhancing neuroplasticity and the spinal cord compensation in stroke-affected rats.

Purpose Of The Research: This study aimed to explore the effects of exercise on sensorimotor recovery after stroke, neuroplasticity changes in the brain and spinal cord, and spinal cord compensation mechanisms.

Methods: A rat model of ischemic stroke was induced using the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion method. A T10 spinal cord injury (SCI) model was induced using a modified Allen procedure.

Irregular Terpenoids From the Medicinal Herb Gentianella pygmaea.

Three new irregular terpenoids, gentianellins A-C (1-3), along with two known analogues (4 and 5), were isolated from the whole plants of the medicinal herb Gentianella pygmaea. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D NMR and HRMS) and quantum chemical calculations. Moderate anti-inflammatory activity of the new isolates was observed via suppressing the secretion of cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages RAW264.

IL-15 Superagonist SHR-1501 Enhances Immune Responses in Lung Cancer by Modulating Tumor Microenvironment.

Background: Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine recognized as a promising therapeutic agent in cancer immunotherapy. IL-15 superagonists have shown efficacy across various cancers, yet their effects in lung cancer immunotherapy remain underexplored.

Methods: This study evaluated the antitumor effects of SHR-1501 through intratumoral injection in two murine lung cancer models: Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and Kras G12D/p53-/- (KP).

Harnessing electroacupuncture: a promising strategy against sleep deprivation-exacerbated post-cardiac arrest brain injury.

Cardiac arrest (CA)-induced post-cardiac arrest brain injury (PCABI) represents a critical contributor to global mortality and neurological disability. While sleep deprivation (SD) is recognized to aggravate neurological outcomes, its role in PCABI pathogenesis remains underexplored. This study investigated the mechanisms by which SD exacerbates PCABI and evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA).

Fibroblast activation Protein-Targeted PET/CT using [18 F]FAP-2286 for the evaluation of lung cancer: A comparative study with [18 F]FDG PET/CT.

Purpose: FAP-2286, which is a novel cyclic peptide that targets fibroblast activation protein (FAP), demonstrates enhanced plasma stability and improved receptor selectivity compared with small-molecule FAP inhibitors (FAPIs). Although [18 F]FAP-2286 exhibits benefits due to the favorable characteristics of fluorine-18-labeled tracers, its diagnostic performance in lung cancer remains to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of [18 F]FAP-2286 PET/CT with that of [18 F]FDG PET/CT in lung cancer patients.

The detection of by aptamer-based qPCR.

The bacterium can infect a wide variety of fish species and is a common pathogen in aquaculture. Rapid and accurate detection of the pathogen is the premise and basis for its disease prevention and control. In this study, an aptamer with high affinity and specificity was used to bind The aptamers that bound to the pathogen were then separated and used as the templates for SYBR Green I real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplification.

Deciphering antigen-specific T cell navigation tactics and cancer immune evasion in co-cultures.

Insufficient infiltration of cytotoxic T cells into solid tumors remains a critical obstacle in cancer immunotherapy. Despite extensive efforts to comprehend the mechanisms governing this limited infiltration, few studies have focused on the evolution of T cell motility behavior after co-culture. In this study, we combined quantitative cell trajectory analysis, computational modeling, and bulk/single-cell RNA sequencing to systematically characterize the impact of cell interactions.

The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and the risk of insulin resistance: results from the NHANES 2003-2016.

Background: The relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), as a novel lipid indicator, and insulin resistance (IR) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the association between NHHR and the risk of IR.

Methods: Utilizing NHANES data from 2003 to 2016, 5,853 participants were eventually included.

New Contributions to the Species Diversity of the Genus (, ) in China: Four New Taxa and Newly Recorded Species.

, a well-defined genus in the family (order ), is characterized by its distinctive spine-bearing hymenophores. In this study, we performed a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis (ITS-nrLSU-) of species. Integrating morphological examinations and phylogenetic evidence, we identified and delineated five species in China, which include four novel species (, , , and ) and the first record () in Anhui Province.

Foundation models and intelligent decision-making: Progress, challenges, and perspectives.

Intelligent decision-making (IDM) is a cornerstone of artificial intelligence (AI) designed to automate or augment decision processes. Modern IDM paradigms integrate advanced frameworks to enable intelligent agents to make effective and adaptive choices and decompose complex tasks into manageable steps, such as AI agents and high-level reinforcement learning. Recent advances in multimodal foundation-based approaches unify diverse input modalities-such as vision, language, and sensory data-into a cohesive decision-making process.

Leveraging deep learning to discover interpretable cellular spatial biomarkers for prognostic predictions based on hepatocellular carcinoma histology.

The spatial structure of various cell types in the tumour microenvironment (TME) can provide valuable insights into disease progression. However, identifying the spatial organization of diverse cell types that significantly correlates with patient prognosis remains challenging. In this study, enabled by deep learning-based cell segmentation and recognition, we developed a computational pipeline to systematically quantify the spatial distribution features of tumour cells, stromal cells, and lymphocytes in haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained pathological images of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

ZEB2 upregulation modulates the polarization of TAMs toward the immunosuppressive state in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment approach for NSCLC. However, the effectiveness of ICI therapy in patients with EGFR-driven NSCLC, particularly those resistant to EGFR-TKI, has been disappointing. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) following EGFR-TKI therapy has been proved to significantly affected the effectiveness of ICIs.

Targeting to high density lipoprotein cholesterol: new insights for inflammatory bowel disease treatment.

The anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective properties of HDL-C make it best known in cardiovascular disease and sepsis. We aimed to investigate whether interventions that target HDL-C metabolism may be used for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The relationship between serum lipids and IBD clinical manifestations were analyzed in both respective and prospective cohort.

Predictive factors of stigma in stroke patients based on logistic regression and decision tree mode.

Objective: Logistic regression and decision tree model were used to analyze the predictive factors of stigma in stroke patients, and to explore the application value of the two models.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. The data of 342 stroke patients were collected from Baoding No.

Is emotion dysregulation in childhood a precursor to internalising problems in adolescence?

Internalising problems such as anxiety and depression affect a sizeable proportion of adolescents and show a peak age of onset around the transition to adolescence. Emotion regulation issues have been associated with internalising problems; however, it is less clear whether emotion regulation issues in childhood are a causal precursor to internalising problems in adolescence. The present study uses a counterfactual analysis approach in a large-scale UK representative study to assess whether emotion regulation issues at age 7 appear to have a causal impact on internalising problems at age 11,14, and 17, when accounting for confounding factors, including pre-existing internalising problems.

Accelerated C-F bond cleavage on sulfur vacancy-contained CoS/MoS electrode featuring rich H.

Carbon-fluorine (C-F) toxic groups in halogenated contaminants pose long-standing and significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. In tackling the challenge of breaking C-F bond with low energy-consuming technique, this study reveals an enhanced electrochemical dehalogenation (ECHD) process using three-dimensional multilayer CoS/MoS heterojunction cathode which possesses sulfur vacancies (S)-assisted modulation. It is found out that, when CoS and MoS grow together, S sites are constructed between MoS and CoS layers, fundamentally reversing the planar electronic inertness of MoS and enhancing the coupling between H and reactive electrons, thereby generating substantial atomic hydrogen (H*).

High-Performance Atomic-Layer-Deposited Dual-Gate InGaO Thin-Film Transistors.

Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs) have attracted considerable attention because of their high carrier density, low thermal budget, and large bandgap. However, the high electron density in AOSs hinders their ability to turn off effectively, resulting in a trade-off between the threshold voltage () and mobility (μ). In this work, we report high-performance dual-gate (DG) indium gallium oxide (IGO) TFTs utilizing localized O treatment to effectively passivate the oxygen vacancies (V) in the channel region of IGO TFTs, thereby achieving a positive and high mobility.

MS4A7 based metabolic gene signature as a prognostic predictor in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) represents the most common form of lung cancer, contributing to significant global mortality. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells has been increasingly recognized as a hallmark of tumorigenesis, contributing to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Given the promising prediction value of metabolism-related genes in LUAD, this study aims to explore the role of MS4A7, a member of the MS4A gene family, in LUAD prognosis and immune microenvironment dynamics.

Development and application of a whole transcriptome sequencing assay for the detection of gene fusions in clinical cancer specimens.

Background: Gene fusions are an important driver of cancer and require rapid and accurate detection to guide clinical decisions. However, the performance characteristics of whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS) for the detection of gene fusions have not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: We developed a novel WTS-based assay for the detection of gene fusions, MET exon 14 skipping and EGFR VIII alterations in clinical samples.

Structural and Energetic Insights into SARS-CoV-2 Evolution: Analysis of hACE2-RBD Binding in Wild-Type, Delta, and Omicron Subvariants.

The evolution of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the emergence of Omicron variants, has raised questions regarding changes in its binding affinity to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (hACE2). Understanding the impact of mutations on the interaction between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein and hACE2 is critical for evaluating viral transmissibility, immune evasion, and the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. Here, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding energy calculations to investigate the structural and energetic differences between the hACE2- RBD complexes of wild-type (WT), Delta, and Omicron subvariants.

Evaluating CSPG4 expression in esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and conventional squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study in China.

Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (EBSCC) is a rare subtype of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) that might be misdiagnosed or missed in clinical practice. Through RNA sequencing on 20 pure EBSCC and 11 poorly differentiated ESCC samples, we identified CSPG4 as a potential marker for EBSCC at the mRNA level, and verified with CSPG4 immunohistochemical staining in these cases. Then we assessed the value of CSPG4 expression in differential diagnosis and prognosis in EBSCC cases (n = 360) and conventional ESCC cases (n = 160) from 11 different institutions with whole-tissue sections.

Long non-coding RNA CYTOR promotes the progression of melanoma the miR-485-5p/GPI axis.

Background: Recent research has underscored the critical role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and malignancy development. Nevertheless, the role of lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA (CYTOR) in the progression of melanoma remains only partially elucidated. This research seeks to explore the impact of CYTOR on melanoma development and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.

Causal Links Between Corneal Biomechanics and Myopia: Evidence from Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization in the UK Biobank.

Background: Myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, and accumulating evidence suggests that biomechanics may be closely linked to its development. Understanding this relationship may help clarify the underlying mechanisms of myopia and guide treatment strategies. The aim of the study is to investigate the causal relationship between myopia and corneal biomechanics using the UK Biobank (UKB) database.