Phononic perspective of anisotropic friction: Universal laws from the frictional phonon spectrum.

Friction, defined as the resistance to relative motion between two contacting objects, has historically been regarded as a consequence of mechanical energy dissipation. However, the precise mechanism by which it operates in the context of phonon excitation has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we present a theoretical framework based on the atomistic Green's function method that connects friction-excited phonons to the resulting friction force.

Self-assembled enzyme biosensors based on xanthine oxidase (XO) and CS@GO for screening natural products for anti-gout active ingredients.

Gout is a joint disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate, the incidence of which shows an escalating trend annually while demonstrating a propensity toward younger populations, whereas available pharmacological interventions frequently induce severe adverse effects. In this investigation, a highly sensitive electrochemical enzyme biosensor was constructed based on the pivotal role of xanthine oxidase (XO); the enzymatic activity was enhanced through chitosan - functionalized graphene oxide (CS@GO)-modified electrodes coupled with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which, when integrated with their superior electrical conductivity along with exceptional biocompatibility, facilitated the highly efficient screening of anti-gout components within natural products. Following optimization of critical parameters, evaluation of 14 compounds revealed five plant extracts (accounting for 28 % of samples) exhibiting XO inhibition exceeding 83 %, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to allopurinol (83.

Synthesis, photocatalytic applications and future prospects of noble metal-modified semiconductors fabricated photodeposition.

In recent years, the energy crisis and environmental pollution have become two major global challenges, necessitating the development of new clean energy sources and technologies to address these issues. Recently, photocatalytic technology has emerged as one of the most promising new technologies. Semiconductor photocatalytic technology mainly involves three processes: light absorption, separation and transport of photogenerated charges, and surface catalytic reactions.

A comparison of the effects of temperature change between neighboring days and diurnal temperature range on stroke incidence in rural Northwest.

Studies on the effect of temperature variation on the number of hospitalizations for stroke-related diseases in rural Northwest China are rare, and there is a gap in related studies in Pingliang, a less developed city located in Northwest China. We collected hospitalization data for stroke patients covered by the New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance in Pingliang City and meteorological data from the Gansu Meteorological Bureau. Using quasi-Poisson regression combined with distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNM), we compared the effects of temperature change between neighboring days (TCN) and diurnal temperature range (DTR) on stroke-related hospitalizations in rural areas.

Infrared band ultra-wideband metamaterial absorption device based on cylindrical multiscale resonator.

Broadband absorption in the mid-infrared and far-infrared regions is of great significance in science and technology. Herein, we developed a mid-far infrared metamaterial absorber, and finite-difference time-domain simulation calculations showed that its average absorption rate in the 6.73-16.

MOPSOGAT: Predicting CircRNA-Disease Associations via Improved Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization and Graph Attention Network.

Recently increasing researches have discovered that circRNAs are remarkably reliable in organisms and play a crucial role as marker in many diseases. Although deep learning techniques has been universally applied to investigate the relationship of circRNA-disease, optimizing many parameters involved in these techniques for best performance has been a challenge. Therefore, we present, for the first time, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the parameters in a graph attention network, ensuring that the model operates at peak efficiency.

Structural Changes and Molecular Mechanisms of Myosin Induced by Oxidative Modification With Malondialdehyde.

This study investigated the structural changes and molecular mechanisms induced by the oxidation of pork myosin by malondialdehyde (MDA). The effects of varying MDA concentrations on carbonyl content, sulfhydryl content, disulfide bond content, surface hydrophobicity, Ca⁺-ATPase activity, free ammonia content, UV-visible spectral characteristics, SDS-PAGE profiles, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were systematically evaluated. Additionally, molecular docking techniques were employed to predict potential oxidative modification sites on the myosin molecule.

Engineering Physicochemical Properties of Nanofillers for High-Performance Composite Solid-State Electrolytes in Lithium Metal Batteries.

High-performance organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes (OICSEs) are pivotal for advancing solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs), offering the potential for enhanced safety and higher energy density compared to conventional liquid electrolytes. This study systematically explores the influence of nanofiller physicochemical properties (particle size, specific surface area, and surface energy) on the electrochemical performance of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based OICSEs. By optimizing these parameters, we developed a PEO/superhydrophobic SiO OICSE incorporating low surface energy SiO nanofillers with an optimized particle size of 7 nm and a high surface area of 300 m g.

Mechanism of patulin-induced renal injury in KM mice: An integrative approach combining network toxicology, molecular docking, and in vivo validation.

Patulin (PAT), a mycotoxin prevalent in mold-contaminated foods, exhibits significant nephrotoxicity, yet its molecular mechanisms remain poorly characterized. This study integrates network toxicology, molecular docking, and in vivo experiments to systematically unravel PAT-induced renal injury. Network analysis identified 127 overlapping targets between PAT and renal injury, with CASP3, SOD1, and MAPK8 emerging as core regulators.

Micro-arc plasma decomplexation of Cu-EDTA by TC4 liquid-phase discharge: underneath mechanisms.

The paper discusses a method to treat wastewater (Cu-EDTA, copper ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid) using micro-arc plasma by combining micro-arc oxidation technology and advanced oxidation technology from the fields of material surface treatment and environmental engineering. The aim is to change copper ions from a complex state to a free state. The decomplexation rate was up to 73.

Study on the Process and Mechanism of Removing Chloride Ions from Desulfurization Ionic Liquid by Modified Ion Exchange Resin.

In the ionic liquid desulfurization system, the repeated circulation and regeneration of the ionic liquid lead to the continuous accumulation of Cl, resulting in decreased desulfurization performance, increased ionic liquid loss, and exacerbated equipment corrosion. Therefore, the effective removal of Cl from the desulfurization of ionic liquids is of great significance. This paper discusses the use of modified 717 resin for the removal of Cl from a desulfurization ionic liquid.

Observation of Néel-Skyrmions in Bilayered Oxide Ferroelectrics.

Skyrmions in ferromagnetic materials exhibit either Néel or Bloch characteristics. Although skyrmions in ferromagnetic materials can be readily obtained via inter-spin interactions, a skyrmion in ferroelectric materials exhibiting solely Néel or Bloch characteristics has not yet been discovered. Here, by modulating the formation of skyrmion-bubbles in [(PbTiO)/(SrTiO)] [(PTO/STO)] bilayers grown on STO substrates, the atomic morphology of pure Néel-skyrmion is observed with a topological charge of ± 1 in the ultrathin bilayered films with the thickness of 2 unit cells (u.

A Hydrogel Implantable Supercapacitor with Tissue-Adhesive Using PEDOT:PSS as Active Material.

Implantable biomedical supercapacitors represent a critical advancement in modern biomedical engineering, offering an optimal power solution for implantable medical devices due to their exceptional characteristics. However, achieving supercapacitors that concurrently exhibit tissue adhesiveness and biocompatibility remains a significant research challenge. In this study, the DMSO post-treatment method is employed to enhance the condensed state structure of the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS, which results in a significant improvement in the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor embedded within the poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel matrix.

Chaos synchronization using adaptive dual barrier function-based nonsingular control with application to ECG signal encryption.

The confidentiality of data in digital photos, biomedical signals, telemedicine, multiuser networks, and other fields has been guaranteed by the introduction of chaos-based encryption algorithms in scholarly publications in recent years. It is crucial in this situation to use strong cryptographic techniques and quick and reliable synchronization between the chaotic systems of the transmitter and receiver. In order to achieve reliable and quick synchronization between chaotic systems, we first propose an adaptive terminal sliding mode control law in this paper.

Sequential extraction, structural characterization, and biological activities of polysaccharides from olive ( L.) pomace.

Olive pomace, a by-product of olive oil production, remains underexplored despite its potential environmental and economic benefits. This study sequentially extracted three polysaccharides (OERC, OERH, and OERA) from olive pomace using water at room temperature, hot water (80 °C), and 2% NaCO solution (60 °C). Characterization through UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and Congo red experiment revealed that these polysaccharides are heteropolysaccharides primarily composed of glucose, mannose, rhamnose, and galactose, each with distinct molar ratios.

Influence of near-fault ground motions' characteristics on the control performance of tuned viscous mass damper systems.

Near-fault ground motions, characterized by pronounced pulse and forward-directivity effects, present significant challenges to dampers' effective performance in controlling seismic activity. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the influence of near-fault pulse-type ground motions' characteristics on the concentration of peak responses in multi-story steel frame structures, the distribution patterns of weak layer locations, and Tuned Viscous Mass Dampers' (TVMDs) effective control. The results indicate that near-fault ground motions' pulse effect, forward-directivity effect, and spectral coefficients affect the distribution of maximum inter-story drift ratios along the building height significantly.

Cellular uptake of polystyrene nanoplastics with surface Functionalization: An AIE-based quantitative approach.

The increasing prevalence of nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment has raised significant concerns about their potential for bioaccumulation and toxicity. However, most toxicity studies currently focus on pristine polystyrene NPs (PSNPs), overlooking the impact of environmental weathering on their surface chemistry and interactions with biological systems. This study adopts an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based approach to quantify how surface functionalization affects cellular uptake, a critical step in assessing NPs toxicity.

ICD code mapping model based on clinical text tree structure.

With the rapid development and progress of big data and artificial intelligence technology, the ICD coding problem of electronic medical records has been effectively solved. The deep learning method, which replaces the manual coding method, has improved the quality and efficiency of coding. However, it also faces some challenges, such as poor and fuzzy semantic representation of clinical record text and failure to consider the structural characteristics of clinical records.

MOF-derived Co-decorated ZnO@carbon nanorods as highly efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide production in alkaline media.

Electrocatalytic two-electron (2e) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the most promising approaches to replace the conventional anthraquinone route for the green and facile synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO). In order to address its current deficiencies of low selectivity and poor stability, we proposed a two-step hydrothermal synthesis and pyrolysis method to synthesize the Co-decorated ZnO@carbon nanorods (Co-ZnO/CNRs) as highly efficient electrocatalysts for HO production in alkaline media. Through heteroatom doping and manipulating the local coordination environment, the Co-ZnO/CNRs catalysts exhibited an excellent 2e ORR selectivity for HO electrosynthesis with the higher mass activity of 1210 mA g and selectivity up to 90.

Load demand forecasting in air conditioning a rotor Hopfield neural network approach optimized by a new optimization algorithm.

Load demand forecasting is crucial for optimal energy management and sustaining comfortable indoor environments for air conditioning systems. The current research provides load demand prediction by a new modified rotor Hopfield neural network (RHNN) integrated with a fractional order of seasons optimization algorithm (FO-SOA) to overcome the challenge of predicting load demand. The RHNN extracts historical data patterning and predicts load demand prediction for future time using past data, and the FO-SOA includes infinitesimal calculus in its process to optimize its solution by considering repeating operation of honeybee agent and also extracting long-term memory operation without requiring additional memory access in the process to make it best at exploration/exploitation among optimization process.

sp. nov., a Novel Actinomycete Isolated from Naidong, Xizang (Tibet), China.

The exploration of from extreme environments presents a particularly compelling avenue for novel compound discovery. A Gram-positive, pink-pigmented strain designated HC307 was isolated from a soil sample collected in Xizang (Tibet), China. The exploration of from extreme environments presents a particularly compelling avenue for novel compound discovery.

Quantitative Dissection of Relaxation Processes in Hybrid Epoxy Composites: Combining Dielectric Spectroscopy with Activation Energy Analysis.

The dielectric relaxation dynamics in polymer composites critically determine their functional performance in advanced electrical systems. This study systematically investigates hybrid epoxy composites comprising neat epoxy resin (EP) and paper-reinforced systems (EIP), modified with 10-50 wt% polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) plasticizer. Through synergistic application of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (10-10 Hz), the quantitative relationships between plasticizer content, glass transition temperature (Tg), and dielectric relaxation processes were established.

Morphology Design and Precision Control of Microneedles by PμSL 3D Printing.

Microneedles (MNs) hold significant potential for applications in transdermal drug delivery and biosensing. However, when traditional 3D printing technology is used for their manufacture, a substantial deviation in output size occurs. The effects of various parameters on the morphology of MNs produced through microscale 3D printing remain unclear.

A neuraminidase-based electrochemical biosensor for high-throughput screening of antiviral compounds in traditional Chinese medicine.

Neuraminidase (NA), a highly sensitive recognition element for anti-influenza activity, was immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode modified with nitrogen-doped graphene-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube composites (N-Gr/MWCNTs) and polypyrrole (Ppy) via re-polymerization. A highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor was thus developed for the rapid screening of antiviral components in natural products, utilizing the high specific surface area and conductivity of N-Gr/MWCNTs and polypyrrole, along with the high-throughput and specific recognition capabilities of NA. Under optimized conditions, the sensor was used to assess five distinct classes of compounds, demonstrating an activity sequence of Baicalein > Baicalin > Rutin ≈ Matrine > Levistilide A, which aligns with previous literature.

Designing Amino Functionalized Titanium-Organic Framework on Separators Toward Sieving and Redistribution of Polysulfides in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Shuttle effect of polysulfides overshadows the superiorities of lithium-sulfur batteries. Size-sieving effect could address this thorny trouble rely on size differ in polysulfides and lithium ions. However, clogged polysulfides pose some challenges for cathode and are rarely recycled during charging/discharging.