ZnCe-LDO Nanozyme-Based Multifunctional Hydrogel Promotes Bone Regeneration by Inflammatory Macrophage Reprogramming and Piezo1 Activation.

Prolonged or excessive inflammation may lead to impaired vascularization and bone regeneration, hindering the normal repair process of bone tissue. Although the regulation of inflammation is crucial for promoting a conducive microenvironment for bone regeneration, individual anti-inflammatory interventions frequently are inadequate in facilitating effective bone repair. Here, a multifunctional hydrogel (GelMA-ZC-Yoda1) with multifaceted therapeutic strategy was designed by integrating Zinc/Cerium-layered double oxide nanozyme (ZnCe-LDO, with catalase-like activity) and Yoda1 (an activator of the mechanically sensitive Piezo1 ion channel) into photocurable GelMA hydrogel.

Alternative Splicing of the NMDA Receptor Subunit GluN1 Mediated by Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Dimerization in the Trigeminal Ganglion Contributes to Orofacial Allodynia.

Orofacial neuropathic pain, a debilitating condition associated with trigeminal nerve injury, is often characterized by allodynia. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), particularly the GluN1 subunit, play a central role in mediating this pain. The GluN1 subunit undergoes alternative splicing at exon 5, generating isoforms GluN1a (lacking the exon 5-encoded N1 cassette) and GluN1b (retaining the N1 cassette), which have distinct functional roles.

[Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies causal exposures for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate].

To systematically investigate the causal effects of exposure factors on nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) using a phenome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR-PheWAS) framework and identify pleiotropic loci. This study integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for NSCL/P, including 1 069 cases and 1 724 controls, and systematically evaluated causal associations between exposures and NSCL/P using the MR-PheWAS framework. GWAS summary data for 2 106 Asian population-exposure phenotypes were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS database.

Chloroquine Alone and Combined with Antifungal Drug Against Candida albicans Biofilms In Vitro and In Vivo via Autophagy Inhibition.

Objectives: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen that poses a serious threat to human health. Autophagy inhibition decreased the resistance of C.

Synergistic exacerbation of periprosthetic osteolysis by inflammatory bowel disease and titanium ions: Impaired osteogenesis of BMSCs via PI3K/AKT signaling.

Periprosthetic osteolysis remains a major cause of implant failure, driven by inflammatory responses to titanium (Ti) wear particles and ions. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a systemic chronic inflammatory condition, exacerbates bone loss, yet its synergistic effects with Ti ions on periprosthetic osteolysis remain unexplored. Here, we investigated how IBD and Ti ions impair bone-implant integration by disrupting osteogenesis via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Anti-inflammatory and osteogenic nanofibrous scaffolds of bioactive glass/carboxymethyl chitosan-reinforced PCL short fibers for alveolar bone regeneration.

Repairing critical alveolar bone defects in inflammatory microenvironments is challenging. To address this, dual-functional nanofibrous scaffolds with anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties were developed. These scaffolds incorporate polycaprolactone (PCL) short fibers and mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs), fabricated through electrospinning and sol-gel processes, respectively.

PB/CeO Nanoparticles Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species for the Control of Enterococcus faecalis Infection in Root Canals.

To investigate the antibacterial effect, mechanism, and cytotoxicity of Prussian blue/Cerium dioxide (PB/CeO) nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and biofilm. PB/CeO nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized.

Mechanical Force Promotes Mitochondrial Transfer From Macrophages to BMSCs to Enhance Bone Formation.

Macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) share a close relationship within the osteoimmune microenvironment. During mechanically induced bone formation, macrophages respond to stimuli and regulate this microenvironment, influencing BMSCs' proliferation and differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Irisin-Based Nanocomposites for Antioxidant Purpose and the Promotion of Osteogenesis in the Inflammatory Microenvironment.

Current clinical periodontitis treatments including surgical treatment and antibacterial treatment might cause excessive immune response in the host and cannot effectively promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue. In this study, we explored irisin serving as a novel biomarker in gingival tissues from periodontitis patients and confirmed its immunoregulatory roles, including its capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppress inflammatory responses, through activation of the P53 and PPAR-γ signaling pathways. Furthermore, we established a bioactive glass nanoparticle compound with irisin (IR-nBG) and evaluated its antioxidant and osteoimmunomodulatory properties in a ROS-rich inflammatory microenvironment.

Urinary Bladder Matrix as a Guide Bone Regeneration Barrier Membrane for Inhibiting Cell Invasion and Promoting Bone Formation.

Natural resorbable collagen membranes are widely used in guided bone regeneration (GBR) in oral implantology and prosthodontics. However, the rapid degradation and inadequate mechanical properties raise concerns about potentially compromising the ultimate bone regeneration efficacy. In this study, we developed a novel GBR membrane by coating a urinary bladder matrix (UBM) onto small intestinal submucosa (SIS), a commonly used acellular material, to improve the cell-barrier and bone-regeneration performances.

N-Terminal Lipidation of Buforin II Generates a Potent and Stable Peptide Antibiotic.

Buforin II is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that kills bacteria by targeting intracellular nucleic acids. Unlike most membrane-acting AMPs, its unique antibacterial mechanism reduced its cytotoxicity. Nonetheless, its weak antibacterial potency and poor proteolytic stability still limit its clinical translation.

Antimicrobial PLGA-based micro/nanoparticles for nanomedicine of pulmonary diseases: From respiratory infections to pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis.

Pulmonary diseases are one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide, and the number of these patients is increasing annually. Therefore, the recent development of nanomedicine approaches holds promise for a bright future in this field, considering the limitations of previous treatments. One of the most important nanoparticles in this field is PLGA, which offers special properties such as tunable disintegration, controlled drug release, biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties and non-inflammatory inhalation, which make it superior to other polymers for biomedical and pulmonary application including positive impact on a variety of pulmonary diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and hypertension, respiratory infections and lung injury.

Identification and analysis of neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes in periodontitis via bioinformatics and experimental verification.

Background: Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in periodontitis, though the precise mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This study intends to investigate the comprehensive effects of NET-related genes (NRGs) on periodontitis by bioinformatic analysis.

Methods: The microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Radiotherapy elicits immunogenic cell death and metabolic shifts in the tumor microenvironment: implications for immunotherapy.

Radiotherapy, one of the most utilized strategies to combat malignancies, has been constantly explored for its effectiveness and optimized, and it is currently operating at the molecular level. The tumor microenvironment (TME), where complicated changes take place under radiotherapy and other treatments, inevitably draws our attention to metabolic alterations, immunogenic cell death (ICD) and immunological interactions. In response to radiotherapy, tumor metabolism promotes DNA and membrane repair processes and reduces oxidative stress, thereby collectively alleviating the occurrence of cell death.

Genetic modulation of lncPSMB1 confers non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate susceptibility by promoting cell apoptosis.

The genetic roles of protein-encoding genes in nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) susceptibility have been intensively studied, but many gaps remain including the emerging roles of long non-coding RNA. In this study, we found that NSCL/P risk-associated SNPs may have higher chances to modulate lncRNA genes than protein-coding genes. Through a multi-omics screen strategy, we identified a variant in lncPSMB1, associated with the risk of NSCL/P.

LncRNA FENDRR Inhibits Mitochondrial Apoptosis via TET2-Mediated DNA Demethylation of MFN1 in NSCPO.

Background: Non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) are distinct malformations with different or partially overlapping etiologies. While NSCL/P has been extensively studied, NSCPO remains relatively understudied. Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to craniofacial development, potentially by regulating apoptosis.

An optical model for evaluating the influence of microstructures on zirconia translucency.

Objectives: Pores and tetragonal phase crystallites are the two main scatterers in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics. Previous optical models have often overestimated the proportion of the tetragonal phase and lacked accurate characterization of pore distribution. The aim of this study was therefore to construct a transmission-scattering model for zirconia, to separately calculate and analyze the contributions of pores and tetragonal phase crystallites to translucency.

Tolerance Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Altered Inflammatory Responses in Mice.

Tolerance refers to a hyporesponsiveness toward repeated stimulations with bacteria and their virulence factors, which might exist in the development of periodontitis. To identify the roles of tolerance induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in periodontitis, an original tolerized mice model was established by high-dose of oral P.

Large-scale proteomics analysis identifies plasma protein biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis: A prospective study in UK Biobank.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by symmetric joint swelling, pain, and progressive bone destruction. Although the advent of biologic therapies has significantly improved treatment outcomes, challenges remain in early detection and timely intervention. This study utilizes a nested case-cohort design from the UK Biobank (UKB), integrating proteomics, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GEO database to systematically evaluate proteins associated with RA risk and identify novel therapeutic targets.

Irisin-Loaded Cerium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass for Effective Immunomodulation and Odontogenesis of Dental Pulp Cells.

Recently, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has emerged as a promising strategy for dental pulp treatment because of the preservation of the pulp tissue. The efficacy of VPT relies on the use of VPT agents; however, commonly used VPT agents, including calcium hydroxide (CH), possess several limitations, such as dental pulp cells (DPCs) stimulation. In this study, we report the design of a novel VPT agent by loading Irisin onto cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ce-MBGNs) to generate Irisin/Ce-MBGNs.

Smpd3 regulates odontoblast differentiation through the Shh-Gli1 pathway.

Teeth, like other ectodermal organs such as hair, skin, and sweat glands, are complex structures. Specifically, teeth are composed of four principal tissues: enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp. Among these, dentin is a critical component, synthesized by odontoblasts-specialized cells derived from ectomesenchymal precursors originating in the neural crest.

FAM83A Promotes the Progression and Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via PKM2-Mediated Aerobic Glycolysis.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy that frequently results in mortality due to postoperative recurrence. In our previous study, we identified for the first time that the family with sequence similarity 83, member A (FAM83A), is overexpressed in HNSCC and associated with poor patient prognosis. However, its role in HNSCC metabolism remains unclear.

Efficient organic nanoparticles for photothermal antibacterial activity and immune regulation to promote maxillofacial wound healing and scarless repair.

Treating maxillofacial infections is hindered by severe inflammation and bacterial biofilms, which delay healing and often result in significant scarring. Photothermal therapy (PTT), which utilizes a photothermal agent (PTA) to generate localized heat, presents a promising approach that effectively eliminates pathogens while minimizing tissue damage, thereby enhancing treatment safety and efficacy. However, challenges such as low photothermal conversion efficiency and biocompatibility issues persist.

Genetic Determinants of Leukocyte Count in Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate Among Asians.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that maternal proinflammatory status could increase the risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in offspring. This study aimed to assess the relationship between leukocyte counts and NSCL/P.

Methods: The NSCL/P genome-wide association study (GWAS) data with a total of 1069 cases and 1724 controls were included.

Efficacy of probiotics for oral candidiasis management: a systematic review.

Background: Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic fungal infection caused by the genus Candida that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals. However, the clinical application of antifungal agents still faces frequent side effects and antifungal resistance, highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. This systematic review aimed to synthesize RCT evidence up to February 2025, comprehensively comparing clinical outcomes across various probiotic regimens, in order to assess the efficacy of probiotics for oral candidiasis.