ZnCe-LDO Nanozyme-Based Multifunctional Hydrogel Promotes Bone Regeneration by Inflammatory Macrophage Reprogramming and Piezo1 Activation.

Prolonged or excessive inflammation may lead to impaired vascularization and bone regeneration, hindering the normal repair process of bone tissue. Although the regulation of inflammation is crucial for promoting a conducive microenvironment for bone regeneration, individual anti-inflammatory interventions frequently are inadequate in facilitating effective bone repair. Here, a multifunctional hydrogel (GelMA-ZC-Yoda1) with multifaceted therapeutic strategy was designed by integrating Zinc/Cerium-layered double oxide nanozyme (ZnCe-LDO, with catalase-like activity) and Yoda1 (an activator of the mechanically sensitive Piezo1 ion channel) into photocurable GelMA hydrogel.

Alternative Splicing of the NMDA Receptor Subunit GluN1 Mediated by Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Dimerization in the Trigeminal Ganglion Contributes to Orofacial Allodynia.

Orofacial neuropathic pain, a debilitating condition associated with trigeminal nerve injury, is often characterized by allodynia. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), particularly the GluN1 subunit, play a central role in mediating this pain. The GluN1 subunit undergoes alternative splicing at exon 5, generating isoforms GluN1a (lacking the exon 5-encoded N1 cassette) and GluN1b (retaining the N1 cassette), which have distinct functional roles.

Comprehensive Analysis of lncRNA/circRNAs-miRNA-mRNA Networks of Oral Lichen Planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is T cell-mediated inflammatory disease affecting the oral mucosa, and its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood.

Objective: This study aimed to screen for OLP-related hub genes and construct a network of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to explore the crucial mechanisms involved in the disease.

Methods: Proteomic and transcriptomic sequencing were performed on oral mucosa collected from OLP patients and healthy participants, respectively.

[Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies causal exposures for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate].

To systematically investigate the causal effects of exposure factors on nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) using a phenome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR-PheWAS) framework and identify pleiotropic loci. This study integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for NSCL/P, including 1 069 cases and 1 724 controls, and systematically evaluated causal associations between exposures and NSCL/P using the MR-PheWAS framework. GWAS summary data for 2 106 Asian population-exposure phenotypes were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS database.

Chloroquine Alone and Combined with Antifungal Drug Against Candida albicans Biofilms In Vitro and In Vivo via Autophagy Inhibition.

Objectives: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen that poses a serious threat to human health. Autophagy inhibition decreased the resistance of C.

Synergistic exacerbation of periprosthetic osteolysis by inflammatory bowel disease and titanium ions: Impaired osteogenesis of BMSCs via PI3K/AKT signaling.

Periprosthetic osteolysis remains a major cause of implant failure, driven by inflammatory responses to titanium (Ti) wear particles and ions. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a systemic chronic inflammatory condition, exacerbates bone loss, yet its synergistic effects with Ti ions on periprosthetic osteolysis remain unexplored. Here, we investigated how IBD and Ti ions impair bone-implant integration by disrupting osteogenesis via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Protein Phosphatases 2A Affects Drug Resistance of Candida albicans Biofilm Via ATG Protein Phosphorylation Induction.

Objectives: Candida albicans (C. albicans) biofilms are well-known to be resistantto various antifungal agents. Autophagy is crucial for adapting to changes in nutrition conditions.

Anti-inflammatory and osteogenic nanofibrous scaffolds of bioactive glass/carboxymethyl chitosan-reinforced PCL short fibers for alveolar bone regeneration.

Repairing critical alveolar bone defects in inflammatory microenvironments is challenging. To address this, dual-functional nanofibrous scaffolds with anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties were developed. These scaffolds incorporate polycaprolactone (PCL) short fibers and mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs), fabricated through electrospinning and sol-gel processes, respectively.

PB/CeO Nanoparticles Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species for the Control of Enterococcus faecalis Infection in Root Canals.

To investigate the antibacterial effect, mechanism, and cytotoxicity of Prussian blue/Cerium dioxide (PB/CeO) nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and biofilm. PB/CeO nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized.

Mechanical Force Promotes Mitochondrial Transfer From Macrophages to BMSCs to Enhance Bone Formation.

Macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) share a close relationship within the osteoimmune microenvironment. During mechanically induced bone formation, macrophages respond to stimuli and regulate this microenvironment, influencing BMSCs' proliferation and differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of cemental tear.

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth.

Irisin-Based Nanocomposites for Antioxidant Purpose and the Promotion of Osteogenesis in the Inflammatory Microenvironment.

Current clinical periodontitis treatments including surgical treatment and antibacterial treatment might cause excessive immune response in the host and cannot effectively promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue. In this study, we explored irisin serving as a novel biomarker in gingival tissues from periodontitis patients and confirmed its immunoregulatory roles, including its capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppress inflammatory responses, through activation of the P53 and PPAR-γ signaling pathways. Furthermore, we established a bioactive glass nanoparticle compound with irisin (IR-nBG) and evaluated its antioxidant and osteoimmunomodulatory properties in a ROS-rich inflammatory microenvironment.

NLRP3 inflammasome impairs fracture repair in Rheumatoid arthritis through RhoA/Rac1-IL1β axis-mediated suppression of osteoblast differentiation.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often characterized by bone loss and fragility fractures and is a frequent comorbidity. The NLRP3 inflammasome drives inflammatory processes that fundamentally accompany the pathogenesis of RA. However, the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in RA fracture healing remains unclear.

Urinary Bladder Matrix as a Guide Bone Regeneration Barrier Membrane for Inhibiting Cell Invasion and Promoting Bone Formation.

Natural resorbable collagen membranes are widely used in guided bone regeneration (GBR) in oral implantology and prosthodontics. However, the rapid degradation and inadequate mechanical properties raise concerns about potentially compromising the ultimate bone regeneration efficacy. In this study, we developed a novel GBR membrane by coating a urinary bladder matrix (UBM) onto small intestinal submucosa (SIS), a commonly used acellular material, to improve the cell-barrier and bone-regeneration performances.

N-Terminal Lipidation of Buforin II Generates a Potent and Stable Peptide Antibiotic.

Buforin II is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that kills bacteria by targeting intracellular nucleic acids. Unlike most membrane-acting AMPs, its unique antibacterial mechanism reduced its cytotoxicity. Nonetheless, its weak antibacterial potency and poor proteolytic stability still limit its clinical translation.

Temporal trends in cross-country inequalities of permanent caries burden from 1990 to 2021: a secondary analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

Objective: To evaluate the changes in cross-national disparities in the burden of Permanent caries (PC) from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We extracted the annual incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs), including their estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs), categorized by year, age, geographical region, and socio-demographic index (SDI) from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships among age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, YLDs, and SDI.

Identification and analysis of neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes in periodontitis via bioinformatics and experimental verification.

Background: Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in periodontitis, though the precise mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This study intends to investigate the comprehensive effects of NET-related genes (NRGs) on periodontitis by bioinformatic analysis.

Methods: The microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Accuracy and reliability of a three-dimensional superimposition method for maxillary jaws and dentition.

Objective: This study aims to develop a method for three-dimensional (3D) superimposition of the maxillary jaws and dentition using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scan data, and to evaluate its accuracy and reliability.

Materials And Methods: This study included 32 adult patients with Angle Class II malocclusion who underwent clear aligner therapy (CAT). The patients were categorized into two groups: Group 1 (TMEM: Third Molar Extraction Management group), including 16 individuals who had undergone maxillary third molar extraction prior to treatment.

Genetic modulation of lncPSMB1 confers non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate susceptibility by promoting cell apoptosis.

The genetic roles of protein-encoding genes in nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) susceptibility have been intensively studied, but many gaps remain including the emerging roles of long non-coding RNA. In this study, we found that NSCL/P risk-associated SNPs may have higher chances to modulate lncRNA genes than protein-coding genes. Through a multi-omics screen strategy, we identified a variant in lncPSMB1, associated with the risk of NSCL/P.

LncRNA FENDRR Inhibits Mitochondrial Apoptosis via TET2-Mediated DNA Demethylation of MFN1 in NSCPO.

Background: Non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) are distinct malformations with different or partially overlapping etiologies. While NSCL/P has been extensively studied, NSCPO remains relatively understudied. Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to craniofacial development, potentially by regulating apoptosis.

An optical model for evaluating the influence of microstructures on zirconia translucency.

Objectives: Pores and tetragonal phase crystallites are the two main scatterers in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics. Previous optical models have often overestimated the proportion of the tetragonal phase and lacked accurate characterization of pore distribution. The aim of this study was therefore to construct a transmission-scattering model for zirconia, to separately calculate and analyze the contributions of pores and tetragonal phase crystallites to translucency.

Tolerance Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Altered Inflammatory Responses in Mice.

Tolerance refers to a hyporesponsiveness toward repeated stimulations with bacteria and their virulence factors, which might exist in the development of periodontitis. To identify the roles of tolerance induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in periodontitis, an original tolerized mice model was established by high-dose of oral P.

Assessing factors influencing participation in LDCT lung cancer screening among high-risk urban populations in Nanjing, China.

Background: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in urban China, underscoring the urgency of effective screening programs. Despite the proven efficacy of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in reducing lung cancer mortality, participation rates among high-risk populations remain suboptimal. This study aspired to determine factors influencing LDCT screening adherence among high-risk individuals in Nanjing, China, as part of the China Urban Cancer Screening Project (CanSPUC).

Expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis.

Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects.

Irisin-Loaded Cerium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass for Effective Immunomodulation and Odontogenesis of Dental Pulp Cells.

Recently, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has emerged as a promising strategy for dental pulp treatment because of the preservation of the pulp tissue. The efficacy of VPT relies on the use of VPT agents; however, commonly used VPT agents, including calcium hydroxide (CH), possess several limitations, such as dental pulp cells (DPCs) stimulation. In this study, we report the design of a novel VPT agent by loading Irisin onto cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ce-MBGNs) to generate Irisin/Ce-MBGNs.