Paradoxical Effects of Erucic Acid-A Fatty Acid With Two-Faced Implications.

Erucic acid (EA) is a monounsaturated fatty acid primarily consumed as rapeseed oil and mustard oil (MO). The consumption of EA-rich food has been reported to have adverse effects on health, particularly myocardial lipidosis and hepatic steatosis. Consequently, several countries, including the United States, European countries, New Zealand, and Australia, set limits on their daily intake.

Development of a Codetection System Based on STRs and Biofluid-Specific CpG Markers.

The detection of body fluids in biological stains at crime scenes and their association with donors is increasingly important for the validity of evidence in case investigations and prosecutions. While autosomal short tandem repeats (STR) and DNA methylation markers can effectively analyze personal identification and body fluid origin, there is currently no integrated system for simultaneous STR typing (subsource level) and biofluid identification (source level). This study has developed a codetection system based on DNA methylation markers (cytosine-phosphate-guanine [CpG]) and an STR amplification system for simultaneous personal identification and biofluid origin determination using capillary electrophoresis.

Discovery of specific protein markers in multiple body fluids and their application in forensic science.

Identification of multiple body fluids is crucial for the reconstruction and corroboration of crime event. However, for the body fluids with high component similarities, such as peripheral blood and menstrual blood, reliable distinguishing markers are still lacking. Furthermore, a comprehensive protein marker assay for multiple body fluids is urgently necessary for complex crime events.

Development of a highly sensitive field-amplified capillary electrophoresis tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for the quantification of trace methamphetamine in sewage.

Accurate quantification of trace levels of illicit drugs in wastewater, such as methamphetamine (MAMP), is crucial for sewage epidemiology. In this study, we developed a novel method that integrates field-amplified sample injection capillary electrophoresis with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (FASI-CE-QQQ MS). This method enables simultaneous on-line preconcentration and separation, coupled with highly sensitive detection.

Effect of stroke-induced memory impairment on handwriting-A forensic case study.

Handwriting is an acquired neuromuscular skill that relies on motor memory and brain function, which make it vulnerable to impairments caused by physical or mental conditions. This paper presents a forensic case study comparing pre- and post-stroke Devnagari writing samples of a post-neurosurgery memory-impaired patient. The study aimed to assess the feasibility, reliability, and limitations of handwriting identification, in such cases.

Development of a microRNA-Based age estimation model using whole-blood microRNA expression profiling.

Age estimation is a critical aspect of human identification. Traditional methods, reliant on morphological examinations, are often suitable for living subjects. However, there are relatively few studies on age estimation based on biological samples, such as blood.

Advances in green sample preparation methods for bioanalytical laboratories focusing on drug analysis.

Bioanalytical laboratories face significant challenges in sample preparation due to the complexity of biological matrices and the low concentrations of target analytes. This review focuses on advances in green sample preparation (GSP) techniques tailored to meet these challenges while promoting sustainability. Innovations in sorbents, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), sol-gel-based materials, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), carbon-based materials, and natural sorbents like cellulose and kapok fiber, have enhanced extraction efficiency and selectivity.

Nanopore sequencing of MiniHap biomarkers for forensic DNA mixture deconvolution: A proof-of-principle study.

Mixture deconvolution remains one of the major challenges in the field of forensic science. Currently, genetic markers are used and studied in the field of forensic genetics, including short tandem repeat (STR), insertion/deletion polymorphism (InDel), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), InDel closely linked to STR (DIP-STR), SNP closely linked to STR (SNP-STR), InDel closely linked to SNP (DIP-SNP) and microhaplotype (MH), all of which have been studied for DNA mixture analysis and have their own advantages and disadvantages. Mini-haplotype (MiniHap), as a novel haplotype genetic marker, contains 5 or more SNPs.

WITHDRAWN: Association between Prostatic Calculi and Prostate Cancer.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

The impact of multi-modality fusion and deep learning on adult age estimation based on bone mineral density.

Introduction: Age estimation, especially in adults, presents substantial challenges in different contexts ranging from forensic to clinical applications. Bone mineral density (BMD), with its distinct age-related variations, has emerged as a critical marker in this domain. This study aims to enhance chronological age estimation accuracy using deep learning (DL) incorporating a multi-modality fusion strategy based on BMD.

Sensitive SERS detection of trace methamphetamine in complex samples through sharp-spiked gold nanostructure.

Taking a massive overdose of methamphetamine (MAMP), which is one of the most prevalent illicit drugs in the world, will stimulate central nervous system, impair both physical and mental health and even lead to death. Therefore, the rapid quantitative testing in the field of MAMP is of great importance to law enforcement agencies. In this study, a branched, sharp-spiked gold nanostructure, named AuNS@4-MBA, is successfully synthesized at room temperature.

Rapid Screening of 60 Types of Natural Toxins in Whole Blood by UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS.

Objectives: To establish a rapid screening method for 60 types of natural toxins in whole blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS).

Methods: The chromatographic and mass spectrometric information of 60 standard samples of natural toxins were analyzed and recorded, and a screening database was built. Whole blood was pretreated by protein precipitation method combined with ultrasonic-assisted dispersion, and then a Hypersil GOLD C column was used with 5 mmol/L ammonium formate aqueous solution (containing 0.

Identification of a Novel Synthetic Cathinone CMMP.

Objectives: To establish a method to identify an unknown substance based on the combined use of gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS), ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS)and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques.

Methods: The unknown substance was dissolved in methanol and was detected by GC-QTOF-MS and UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS, and was dissolved in methanol-d4 to be detected by NMR.

Results: The main characteristics ion peaks of components with retention time of 9.

Neurotoxicity and aggressive behavior induced by anesthetic etomidate exposure in zebrafish: Insights from multi-omics and machine learning.

Etomidate (ETO), widely employed as a surgical anesthetic and more recently recognized as a drug of abuse, has been frequently detected in aquatic environment. However, the toxicity assessment of ETO is insufficient. Adult zebrafish were used to investigate toxicological effects of ETO.

Development and Validation of the 9-Dye Fluorescent Autosomal and Y Chromosome Multiplex STR Amplification System.

To develop a 9-dye fluorescent autosomal and Y chromosome STR multiplex amplification system and verify its performance. Using the 9-dye fluorescent labeling technology, construct a multiplex amplification system that uses the autosomal and Y chromosome core and preferred loci recommended by GB/T 41009-2021 national standard as candidate loci, then evaluate its accuracy, sensitivity, species specificity, and other system performance index. A 9-dye fluorescent multiplex amplification system containing 70 loci, including Amel, D5S818, D21S11, D7S820, CS1FPO, D2S1338, D19S433, D8S1132, D2S441, VWA, D8S1179, D16S539, D10S1435, PentaD, D3S3045, TPOX, TH01, D22S1045, D18S51, FGA, D19S253, D10S1248, D6S477, D6S1043, D13S317, D12S391, D15S659, PentaE, D1S1656, D3S1358, DYS460, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS533, DYS392, DYS518, DYS557, DYS570, DYS458, DYS437, DYS385, GATA-H4, DYS576, DYS643, DYS508, DYS627, DYS456, DYS391, DYF404S1, DYS438, DYS448, DYF387S1, DYS596, DYS549, DYS399S1, DYS393, DYS635, DYS439, DYS19, DYS444, DYS449, DYS481, DYS527a/b, and DYS447 was successfully constructed.

Insights into CdTe quantum dots induced hepatotoxicity: Regulation of cytochromes P450 isoenzymes function in liver microsomes from in vivo and in vitro studies.

The widespread use of QDs raises health and environmental concerns, and the ROS induced oxidative stress is reported as the main mechanism of QDs toxicity. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) superfamily, the primary enzyme system for metabolizing external compounds in the liver, also generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), making it crucial for detoxification and ROS production. Therefore, we investigated whether QDs could cause liver tissue damage by affecting the activity of CYP450 isoenzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2D2, and CYP3A1) in liver microsomes, thereby altering ROS generation.

A biogeographical ancestry inference pipeline using PCA-XGBoost model and its application in Asian populations.

Biogeographical ancestry (BGA) inference plays a crucial role in genetics, anthropology, forensic science, and medical research. Current methods like principal component analysis (PCA) and ADMIXTURE, based on single nucleotide polymorphisms, are commonly used. Here, we introduce a bio-geographical ancestry inference pipeline that integrates prior population structure and clustering.

Quantitation of human mitochondrial DNA and whole mtGenomes sequencing of fingernail/hair shaft samples.

The analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is suitable for fingernail/hair shaft samples in forensic science. A successful mtDNA forensic analysis depends on the quantity and quality of the mtDNA. The application of massively parallel sequence techniques to the analysis of mtDNA has the potential to improve the recovery of genetic information from difficult forensic specimens and to increase the discrimination potential of mtDNA by capturing and comparing full mtGenomes.

Equus mitochondrial pangenome reveals independent domestication imprints in donkeys and horses.

Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles that play a crucial role in the energy budget of animal cells and are closely related to the locomotor abilities of animals. Equidae is renowned for including two domesticated species with distinct purposes: the endurance-oriented donkey and the power-driven horse, making it an ideal system for studying the relationship between mitochondria and locomotor abilities. In this study, to cover the genetic diversity of donkeys, we sequenced and assembled six new mitochondrial genomes from China.

Combining virtual endoscopy and postmortem computed tomography to identify airway obstruction by a peritonsillar abscess as the cause of an asphyxia death.

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is the most common deep neck infection, with well-known complications such as airway stenosis and aspiration pneumonia. However, death due to asphyxia caused by PTA is extremely rare in forensic research reports. Traditionally, the autopsy is the standard diagnostic method for pharyngeal lesions in forensic practice.

Multiple Domestication Centers of the Indian Pig Population.

The domestication of animals is a major milestone in human history and has been studied in various fields. Pig domestication, in particular, has been widely studied, and it is believed that India is one of at least six domestication centers. However, there is a lack of systematic studies using high-resolution genetic markers, including complete mitogenomes, to investigate the domestication and genetic roots of pigs in India.

Test and Evaluation of the Made-in-China Quick TargSeq Fully Integrated Automated On-site Rapid DNA Detection Instrument.

Objectives: To verify the stability and accuracy of the made-in-China Quick TargSeq Fully Integrated Automated On-site Rapid DNA Detection Instrument (hereinafter referred to as Quick TargSeq DNA detection instrument) and evaluate its forensic application prospects.

Methods: A total of 74 blind samples provided by the expert group of Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security (4 individuals, 20 samples) and five participating institutions (54 samples) were used to test on 5 Quick TargSeq DNA detection instruments and the accompanying microfluidic chip cartridges. The results were compared with the known genotypes to calculate the samples' detection rate and genotyping accuracy.

Sex determination based on features of the craniofacial bones in a sample of the central Chinese population using cone beam computed tomography.

Unlabelled: Accurate determination of sex from the skeletal remains of unidentified individuals is challenging in forensic practice. The bone standards for sex determination are population and generation specific. The present study investigated the potential utility of the craniofacial bones as an indicator of sex in a contemporary sample of the central Chinese population.

High-entropy oxide nanozyme for T/T dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging guided photothermal-nanocatalytic tumor therapy.

High-entropy oxides (HEOs) have attracted significant attention owing to their broad compositional tunability and high catalytic activity. However, research in this area is still in its early stages, and it is necessary to develop uniform multifunctional high-entropy nanozymes with appropriate sizes and excellent catalytic properties. In this study, we synthesized spherical high-entropy oxide composite carbon (HEO/C) nanoparticles (NPs) with a uniform distribution of particle size.

Identification of in vivo and in vitro metabolites of fentanyl using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS.

A comparative analysis of the metabolites and metabolic pathways of fentanyl was conducted in liver microsomes and zebrafish models utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS). A total of 21 metabolites were identified across both liver microsomes and zebrafish models. These included 9 Phase I metabolites, such as N-dealkylated, N-oxidated, and hydroxylated products, and 12 Phase II metabolites, including glucuronidated, methylated, and sulfated products, as well as a series of products derived from conjugation with glutathione (GSH).