RGB Imaging and Irrigation Management Reveal Water Stress Thresholds in Three Urban Shrubs in Northern China.

The context of global climate change, water stress has a significant impact on the ecological function and landscape value of urban greening shrubs. In this study, three typical greening shrubs (, × , and var. ) in North China were subjected to a two-year field-controlled experiment (2022-2023) with four water treatments: full irrigation, deficit irrigation, natural rainfall, and extreme drought.

Possible Reversion of CRISPR-Cas9-Edited Sequences in Octoploid Strawberry.

Gene editing is more challenging in octoploids due to the presence of multiple copies of each gene. However, the ability to edit genes in these plants would allow editing in commercial varieties. Here, we delivered sequences targeting into octoploid strawberry "Honeoye" and identified several gene-edited lines.

The MADS-box gene CmAP1 promotes flowering and petal development in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima).

Background: Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is an economically and ecologically important woody nut crop. In C. mollissima, flowering is fundamental for nut yield.

Haplotype-resolved, gap-free genome assemblies provide insights into the divergence between Asian and European pears.

Pears (Pyrus spp.) are self-incompatible crops with broad genetic diversity. High heterozygosity and technical limitations result in gaps within reference genomes.

GWAS identifies a molecular marker cluster associated with monoterpenoids in grapes.

Monoterpenoids are vital compounds that impart a distinctive floral flavor. They exist in both glycosidic and free forms in grapes. The breeding of improved monoterpenoid varieties has consistently been a topic of interest, yet only a limited number of molecular markers have been documented.

Research on the Response of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi to Grape Growth Under High Temperature Stress.

Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) plays an important role in plants' response to environmental stress, and the main environmental stress encountered in grape production is high temperature stress. This study aims to inoculate (A type of AMF) on grapes and investigate their tolerance to high temperature stress after inoculation. The results showed that AMF could infect grape roots, and the mycorrhizal infection rate was 20.

Molecular foundation underlying the formation of highly productive isobilateral leaves in mangroves.

Photosynthesis in mangroves contributes to one of the most carbon-rich ecosystems on Earth and plays a significant role in mitigating global climate change. However, the mechanisms underlying the high productivity of mangroves remain largely unexplored. Through anatomical analyses, we found that mangrove species with higher biomass production, such as Sonneratia apetala, exhibit isobilateral leaves, which enhance light harvesting and reduce light inhibition, resulting in higher photosynthetic yields.

Key transcription regulators in the formation of yellow traits in rose petals.

Rose is a famous ornamental flower worldwide, and its flower color is an important ornamental trait. The formation of yellow petals is primarily determined by carotenoids, yet its regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. Here, the main carotenoid components in yellow petals were β-carotene and violaxanthin.

A trans-long-chain prenyl diphosphate synthase promotes ubiquinone 10 biosynthesis in grape.

Prenyl diphosphate synthase (PDS) plays indispensable roles in terpene biosynthesis. However, there is an ongoing debate regarding whether grape (Vitis vinifera) geranyl diphosphate synthase (VvGDS, VIT_15s0024g00850) can generate geranyl diphosphate (GPP), the precursor of monoterpene biosynthesis. Here, we demonstrated that VvGDS localizes in mitochondria and is an authentic trans-long-chain PDS (thus, VvGDS was renamed VvPDS), which is essential for ubiquinone (UQ) biosynthesis.

Characterization of volatile profiles in cherry fruits: Integration of E-nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS.

Aroma plays a crucial role in assessing the flavor quality of cherry fruits. This study compared the odor and volatile profiles of 37 cherry germplasm fruits using an electronic nose (E-nose) combined with headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Notably, Cao5 exhibited a distinct odor compared to the other 36 sweet cherry cultivars.

FLL2 modulates development and stress tolerance via polyadenylation and CPSF73 interaction.

The coiled-coil protein FLL2 is known to promote liquid-liquid phase separation in the polyadenylation complex, however, the role of FLL2 in polyadenylation remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of a developmental mutant sof78 in gene of leading to many effects on primary root, flowering time and developmental alterations, and tolerance to oxidative stress. To explore the relationship between FLL2 and CPSF73, we employed a boron-containing benzoxaborole compound AN3661, a known inhibitor of the poly(A) factor CPSF73.

Characterization of the heat shock factor RcHsfA6 in Rosa chinensis and function in the thermotolerance of Arabidopsis.

Background: Environmental stresses, especially high temperatures, severely limit the growth and development of many horticultural plants. As a woody ornamental flower with rich flower colors and flower types, rose (R. chinensis) leaves wilt and shriveled petals at high temperatures, which severely affects its growth and ornamental value.

Rootstock Breeding of Stone Fruits Under Modern Cultivation Regime: Current Status and Perspectives.

Stone fruits ( spp.) occupy a pivotal position in global fruit production due to their significant nutritional profile and distinctive organoleptic characteristics. Contemporary orchard systems are undergoing transformation through innovative cultivation approaches, notably high-density dwarfing systems, greenhouse cultivation, agri-tech integration, and simplified management.

Micromorphology and Molecular Insights Into Glandular Trichomes in Two Different Thymes: Glandular Trichomes Formation Process and the Function of the Main Regulator TqHD1.

Thyme is widely distributed in the worldwild. In China, there are 15 species, 2 varieties and 1 variant. Thymus quinquecostatus which contains abundant bioactive terpenoids is an important wild medicinal and aromatic plant in Chinese native thymes.

Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying hawthorn peel color and seed hardness diversity.

Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) fruit peel color and seed hardness are key traits that significantly impact economic value. We present here the high-quality chromosome-scale genomes of two cultivars, including the hard-seed, yellow-peel C. pinnatifida "Jinruyi" (JRY) and the soft-seed, red-peel C.

Identification and characteristic analysis of PavUGT48 as a novel UDP-glycosyltransferase with dual functions on anthocyanin and amygdalin biosynthesis in sweet cherry.

UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) is essential for fruit development, but its specific role in sweet cherry fruits has not been clearly defined. This study identified a new differentially expressed UGT gene, FUN_010048, by analyzing transcriptomic data from various colored regions of bicolored fruits. The 187 UGT family members were identified in the sweet cherry genome of 'Tieton'.

The Mutations in Affect Anthocyanin Glycoside Accumulation in Rose.

In plants, the R2R3-MYB transcription factors are one of the largest MYB gene families. These MYB transcription factors are very important for regulating plant growth and development. RcMYB114, RcbHLH, and RcWD40 promote anthocyanin accumulation by forming the MBW (MYB-bHLH-WD40) complex and determine the rose flower's color.

Insights into Phylogeny, Taxonomy, Origins and Evolution of and , Based on Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analysis.

Hawthorns ( L.) are widely distributed and well known for their medicinal properties and health benefits. Nevertheless, the phylogenetic relationships among native to China remain unclear.

LNC159c Negatively Regulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis via miR159c in Malus spectabilis Under Low Nitrogen.

Low-nitrogen (LN) conditions typically promote anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. Although previous studies primarily explored structural genes and transcription factors involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in this process under LN conditions remains less understood. This study identified LNC159c as a potential regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, with its expression notably downregulated under LN conditions.

The cytological mechanism of the peach haploid producing triploid offspring.

Peach is one of the most economically valuable fruit trees. Haploid peach trees occur spontaneously at very low frequencies and they are usually highly sterile. Therefore, the haploid with partial fertility is an extremely rare germplasm, which is highly valuable to genetic research and breeding programs.

Light signal regulates endoreduplication and tomato fruit expansion through the SlPIF1a-SlTLFP8-SlCDKB2 module.

Light serves as an energy source for cell division and expansion during fruit development. Cell expansion significantly influences fruit size and is closely linked to endoreduplication, a unique cell cycle variation characterized by DNA replication without cytokinesis. Paradoxically, under conditions of ample photosynthates, light signaling suppresses cell expansion.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of tetraploid Chinese cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus).

Chinese cherry belongs to the family Rosaceae, genus Prunus, and has high nutritional and economic value. 'Duiying' is a Chinese cherry variety local to Beijing, and has better performance than sweet cherry in terms of disease resistance. However, disease resistance resources of 'Duiying' have not been fully exploited partially due to the lack of a high-quality genome.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Hsf Gene Family in and Function in Thermotolerance.

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play an important role in response to high temperatures by binding to the promoter of the heat shock protein gene to promote its expression. As an important ornamental plant, the rose often encounters heat stress during the flowering process. However, there are few studies on the family in roses ().

Oviposition Preference and Developmental Performance of on Different Cherry Cultivars.

is a major pest of sweet cherries. In this study, we evaluated its oviposition preferences across six cherry cultivars and assessed the effects of the fruit traits on its growth and development. Significant differences in the color, firmness, and sugar content were observed among the cultivars and ripeness stages.

Enhancing the water use efficiency model predictions for Platycladus orientalis and Quercus variabilis: Integrating the dynamics of carbon dioxide concentration and soil water availability.

Water use efficiency (WUE) is a tracer for plants on the trade-off exchange of water and carbon dioxide between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere; therefore, a dynamic investigation of WUE and its driving factors will be of great significance to optimize water and carbon fitness and predict the plants' response to climate change. In our study, a modified water use efficiency model was proposed to improve the quantification of carbon and water processes by adding a photosynthesis-g simulation dependent on CO concentration and soil moisture to the photosynthetic transpiration model (noted as SMPTSB model). Actual measured water use efficiencies were respectively obtained by the gas exchange measurements (WUE) and the δC that defined as the carbon-heavy isotope of the water-soluble compound in leaves (WUE) of three-year tree saplings of Platycladus orientalis (L.