Sesquiterpenoids from Euphorbia esula L.

Six undescribed sesquiterpene esters, euphoresulins A-F, along with fourteen known daucane analogues were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia esula growing in Uzbekistan. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, with absolute configurations established by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data, in addition to single-crystal X-ray diffraction crystallography. Euphoresulins A-F (1-6) presented sesquiterpene ester types of daucane for euphoresulins A-D (1-4) and aromadendrane for euphoresulins E-F (5-6).

Many plants naturalized as aliens abroad have also become more common within their native regions.

Due to anthropogenic pressure some species have declined whereas others have increased within their native ranges. Simultaneously, many species introduced by humans have established self-sustaining populations elsewhere (i.e.

GreenCells: A comprehensive resource for single-cell analysis of plant lncRNAs.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. With the advancement of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology, it is now possible to investigate lncRNA expression and function at single-cell resolution. Although several plant single-cell transcriptome databases have been established, they predominantly focus on protein-coding genes while largely overlooking lncRNAs.

The complete chloroplast genome of Franch. & Sav. and its phylogenetic analysis.

Here, we present the first complete chloroplast genome of (154,018 bp), which exhibits a typical quadripartite structure, including an LSC (83,966 bp), SSC (18,910 bp), and two IRs (25,571 bp each). A total of 133 genes were annotated, with 114 unique genes and 19 duplicated in the IRs. .

Manganese accumulation characteristics and rhizosphere decontamination mechanisms of Phytolacca icosandra L.

The role of microbial metagenomics in understanding ecological changes associated with rhizosphere heavy metal decontamination by plants has often been overlooked. The aim of this study was to scrutinize the structural, enzymological and metagenomic mechanisms leading to manganese (Mn) decontamination in the rhizosphere by Phytolacca icosandra. Seedlings of P.

Arabidopsis root defense barriers support beneficial interactions with rhizobacterium Pseudomonas simiae WCS417.

Plant roots interact with pathogenic and beneficial microbes in the soil. While root defense barriers block pathogens, their roles in facilitating beneficial plant-microbe associations are understudied. Here, we examined the impact of specific root defense barriers on the well-known beneficial association between Arabidopsis thaliana and the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas simiae WCS417.

Finding Euastropsis Lagerheim (Chlorophyceae): Insights into morphological and genome evolution in the green algal family Hydrodictyaceae.

Recent phylogenetic studies of the family Hydrodictyaceae (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae) included all but one of the genera, Euastropsis, which was excluded due to a lack of living material. A 2017 discovery of E. richteri in Lake Kocie, Poland, provided an opportunity to study the morphology, ultrastructure, plastome architecture, and phylogenetic placement of this monotypic genus.

Distribution Patterns and Assembly Mechanisms of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Communities in Across Altitudinal Gradients.

To investigate the characteristics of rhizosphere soil microbial communities associated with across different altitudinal gradients and to reveal the driving factors of microbial community dynamics, this study collected rhizosphere soil samples at four elevations: 900 m (HB1), 1100 m (HB2), 1300 m (HB3), and 1500 m (HB4). High-throughput sequencing and molecular ecological network analysis were employed to analyze the microbial community composition and species interactions. A null model was applied to elucidate community assembly mechanisms.

Phosphorylation-regulated SEC14-GOLD PATELLIN lipid transfer proteins.

The SEC14-GOLD family of phosphatidylinositol (PI) transfer proteins, known as PATELLIN (PATL) proteins in plants, are key regulators of plasma membrane (PM)-related signaling processes. They function through multifaceted interactions involving a SEC14 lipid-binding domain, GOLD domain, and their N-terminal region. Protein phosphorylation is crucial for modulating protein and phospholipid interactions, but phosphorylation of SEC14 proteins remains understudied.

The polyphasic approach reveals two new species and two new records of (Apiosporaceae, Amphisphaeriales) associated with from China.

This study isolated endophytic fungi of the genus from (Chinese agarwood) in Guangxi, China. Through rigorous morphological comparisons and molecular phylogenetic analyses, we have identified two new species ( and ) and two new host-recorded species ( and ). The morphological analysis revealed that the new species align with the genus-level definition of in colony morphology, conidiophores, and conidial characteristics.

Species diversity and systematic taxonomy of Sarcosomataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales), with an emphasis on subtropical regions of China.

The aim of this study is to update the species diversity of Sarcosomataceae in subtropical China. Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies were carried out through ecological observation, morphological examination, and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from five molecular loci (ITS + nrLSU + + + ). By using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods, six lignicolous species were identified, including four novel taxa: , , , and ; and two new distribution records: and .

The interplay of abiotic and biotic factors likely drove one of the fastest plant radiations from tropical-subtropical Asia.

Both biotic and abiotic factors are expected to drive species diversification, yet demonstrating their synergistic effects within a single framework is challenging and has rarely been studied. The recent and rapid radiation of the genus Aspidistra (cast-iron plant) provides an ideal system for examining these processes. Here, we generated restriction site-associated DNA sequencing data for 123 Aspidistra taxa and reconstructed well-resolved phylogenies using both concatenation- and coalescent-based approaches.

Molecular Footprints of Quaternary Climate Fluctuations in the Circumpolar Tundra Shrub Dwarf Birch.

The Arctic tundra biome is undergoing rapid shrub expansion ('shrubification') in response to anthropogenic climate change. During the previous ~2.6 million years, glacial cycles caused substantial shifts in Arctic vegetation, leading to changes in species' distributions, abundance and connectivity, which have left lasting impacts on the genetic structure of modern populations.

A global meta-analysis of floral longevity reveals widespread plasticity and ecological correlates.

Plasticity of floral longevity (FL) in response to pollination enables plants to maximize opportunities for pollen receipt and export under unfavorable pollination conditions, while minimizing costs under favorable ones, playing a crucial role in plant pollination. However, the prevalence of floral longevity plasticity (FLP) across the angiosperms remains unclear. Using data for FL consisting of 397 comparisons from 188 species, we provide the first global, cross-species quantification of FLP and assess its association with a range of biotic and abiotic factors.

Efficacy of modified biochar for enhancing maize photosynthesis and yield under various irrigation regimes.

Maize (Zea mays L.), a globally significant cereal of the Poaceae family, plays a pivotal role in food and feed security. However, its productivity is increasingly threatened by climate-induced drought stress and low organic matter content of soil, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.

Multi-omics analysis reveals synergistic effects of terpenoids and phenylpropanoid compounds on flavour formation in skin and pulp of 'Shine Muscat' grape.

Flavour is a key trait that determines table grape quality and marketability. However, specific volatile compounds remain inadequately characterised. In this study, we have performed a comprehensive analysis of the volatile compounds in Muscat 'Shine Muscat' and no-flavour 'Thompson Seedless' during three different stages using widely targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics.

Floristic diversity and assessment of the conservation status of Togo's plant species.

Regular updates of floristic lists are essential for assessing the state of flora, identifying threatened species, and guiding conservation actions. This study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the floristic diversity and conservation status of plant species across selected ecological zones in Togo. A total of 121 plots, with areas determined based on the types of vegetation formations, were randomly selected from a systematic grid of points spaced 5 km apart, generated using QGIS 3.

Meta-Analysis of Iron Excess Stress in Rice: Genes and Mechanisms of Tolerance to Acidic Soil.

Iron toxicity, predominantly stemming from excessive levels of ferrous iron (Fe) in acidic soils, poses a considerable challenge for crop production. Hypoxic conditions induced by waterlogging can exacerbate Fe availability, which significantly impacts the cultivation and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa), a staple food for millions worldwide. In several regions across South America, Africa, and Asia, the prevalence of acidic soils results in elevated Fe levels leading to iron toxicity, thereby hindering rice yield.

Molecular insights into drought tolerance in wheat through in-silico genome-wide analysis of DREB1 transcription factor and peroxidase interactions.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a staple food crop providing essential nutrition to global population. However, water scarcity and increasing drought stress, because of climate change, threaten its productivity. Oxidative stress increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to drought which damages the plant cellular metabolism.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Hippophae salicifolia.

Hippophae salicifolia, a dioecious small tree species endemic to the Himalayan region, holds great potential in both ecological conservation and industrial applications. In this study, we employed PacBio HiFi long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C technology to construct a high-quality, chromosome-level reference genome. The assembled genome is approximately 1.

Priority Effects Favor Invasive over Its Native Congener , While Late Arrival Incurs Higher Costs.

Priority effects-the phenomenon where early-arriving species influence the establishment, growth, and reproduction of later-arriving species during community assembly-play a critical role in determining the invasion success of exotic species. However, how priority effects are influenced by nitrogen (N) availability remains understudied. The invasive species has rapidly expanded its range in China over the past few years.

External Glands of Traps: Structure and Potential Function.

L. species (tropical pitcher plants) are a classic example of carnivorous plants. The traps are highly specialized pitchers with a zoned structure.

Microbial consortium loaded tannery solid waste biochar application causes immobilization of nonessential metals in field-grown sunflower.

Tannery solid waste poses significant environmental challenges owing to its high metal content, especially Cr. Converting this waste into value-added byproduct biochar offers a sustainable management approach to reducing the waste load on landfill sites and also guarding the nearby fauna, flora and water bodies. This study aimed to develop metal-resistant microbial consortium loaded biochar (MCLB) by inoculating tannery solid waste biochar (BC) with consortium of ten and/or five strains and their effect was evaluated on the morphological and biochemical attributes of sunflowers including metals immobilization.