Stimuli-activable hollow CuO@C/N doped paste for the prevention of white spot lesions in orthodontic treatments.

White spot lesions (WSLs) are the most common complication of orthodontic treatment, compromising dental health and significantly affecting aesthetics. To address this clinical challenge, this study aims to develop a dual-functional therapeutic strategy that simultaneously promotes the remineralization of demineralized enamel and inhibits the activity of cariogenic bacteria, thereby achieving effective prevention and treatment of WSLs. A hollow double-shell structured CuO@N/C nanozyme (H-CuO@N/C) was synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method.

Harnessing Energy Enrichment Strategy for Designing Innovative Sandwich-Structured Upconversion Nanoprobes.

Despite the various advantages of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), the paradoxes of high luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) efficiency and low quantum yield remain a bottleneck for broader sensing applications. Herein, novel sandwich-structured UCNPs (SWUCNPs, NaYbF:(30%Gd)@NaYbF:Er(2%)@NaYF) with a core-middle shell-outer shell structure were synthesized. The SWUCNPs maintained a high LRET efficiency by confining the luminescent center of Er in the middle shell.

Engineered membraneless organelles in for enhanced indigoidine biosynthesis and antimicrobial peptide production.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)-driven membraneless organelles (MLOs) have been employed to enhance metabolic efficiency in various microbial cell factories. However, their application in the industrial bacterium has not been explored. Here, we report the formation of liquid protein condensates in using the RGG domain of LAF-1.

Study of the Solid Solubility Limit and Growth of CdMnTe Multicomponent Single Crystals for Miniaturized Magneto-Optical Isolators.

CdMnTe (CMT) is a promising magneto-optical (MO) material for the visible to near-infrared region with a tunable bandgap via manganese (Mn) doping. Although CMT has been extensively studied, the solid solubility limit of Mn in CdTe (cadmium telluride) remains unclear, and the growth of high-Mn-content single crystals has not yet been reported in detail. In this work, the Mn solubility limit in CdTe was determined to be = 0.

A Robust Immobilization Method for Membrane Protein SPR Assays Using SpyCatcher-SpyTag.

Membrane proteins are essential for numerous biological processes and constitute a significant portion of drug targets, making the study of their interactions with ligands crucial for drug discovery. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a powerful, label-free technique for real-time biomolecular interaction analysis, but its application to membrane proteins is limited by inherent difficulties in immobilizing these proteins on sensor surfaces while preserving their native conformation and functionality. Lipid nanodiscs offer a promising solution by providing a native-like membrane environment.

Enhancement of Menaquinone-7 production in Bacillus subtilis by optimizing the medium components through response surface methodology.

Menaquinone-7, a form of vitamin K, plays a critical role in the treatment of hemorrhagic diseases caused by vitamin K deficiency and in the prevention of bone fractures. Microbial fermentation has emerged as a promising method for MK-7 production due to its high product optical purity and significant physiological activity. However, the current production efficiency of MK-7 remains insufficient to meet industrial demands.

Phenotypic and genomic analyses of the probiotic SHAMU-QH-02.

The past few years have witnessed burgeoning interest in the potential beneficial role of probiotics in multiple fields. This study aimed to explore the probiotic properties and analyze the genomic information of the SHAMU-QH-02 strain, isolated from the human biliary tract. The SHAMU-QH-02 strain was identified using 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequencing.

Pan-EGFR inhibitor targeting EGFR 19del, L858R/T790M and C797S triple-mutations: Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation.

Acquired resistance mediated by the EGFR C797S mutation remains a critical barrier in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), reducing the effectiveness of third-generation EGFR inhibitors that target T790M-containing mutations. In this study, novel 2,4-diarylamino pyrimidine derivatives were identified and characterized as pan-mutant EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Compound D10 potently inhibited EGFR mutant (IC = 1.

Light-Guided Cyborg Beetles: An Analysis of the Phototactic Behavior and Steering Control of (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).

Cyborg insects offer a biologically powered solution for locomotion control, but conventional methods typically rely on invasive electrical stimulation. Here, we introduce a noninvasive, phototaxis-based strategy to steer walking beetles using light-emitting diode (LED) stimuli. Electroretinogram recordings revealed spectral sensitivity to blue, green, and yellow light, with reduced response to red.

Large-scale genomic deletion in activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight.

Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are invaluable for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD) and plant immunity and identifying more LMMs expands our understanding of these complex processes. In this study, we characterized a novel rice LMM, , identified through heavy-ion beam irradiation. The mutant exhibits reddish-brown lesions from the tillering stage, reduced plant height, grain size, and fertility.

Bioinspired prussian blue nanopesticides with triple-stimuli-responsive gates for ecology-adaptive pest management.

The escalating complexity of pest dynamics, characterized by intensifying seasonal pressures and unpredictable acute outbreaks, necessitates advanced agrochemicals capable of dynamically adapting to ecological rhythms. Inspired by the dual-phase biocontrol strategy of parasitoid wasps (immediate paralysis and sustained suppression), we engineered a Prussian blue (PB)-based nanopesticide (PAPP) with spatiotemporally decoupled release modes. Architecturally, the system integrates pH-responsive PB (alkaline-triggered disintegration) cores with thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM, heat-induced volumetric transition) nanohydrogel gates, achieving dual-modal pest management: alkaline-triggered burst avermectin (AVM) release (91.

A prediction model based on cfDNA concentration and cfDNA methylation biomarkers for lung cancer detection.

Early detection plays a critical role in reducing lung cancer mortality. DNA methylation biomarker assay based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising method for early detection of lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to develop a prediction model based on cfDNA methylation biomarkers and cfDNA concentration for early detection of lung cancer.

An elite RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE3 allele enhances preharvest sprouting resistance in rice.

A new elite allele conferring enhanced preharvest sprouting resistance via hormonal pathways is a valuable target for molecular design breeding to improve seed quality and production stability.

Bidirectional Hydrogen Spillover Enables High Activity Catalysts for Rechargeable Hydrogen Batteries.

Rechargeable hydrogen batteries exhibit superior electrochemical activity for hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER/HOR) in acidic media compared to alkaline counterparts, making them promising for large-scale energy storage. However, the development of efficient electrocatalysts for both HER and HOR in acidic media remains challenging, as conventional platinum-based catalysts face intrinsic limitations in simultaneously achieving high activity and long-term stability under harsh operating conditions. Herein, we introduce a bidirectional hydrogen spillover strategy to enable synergistic bifunctional HER/HOR catalysts for hydrogen batteries.

Toward the DNA methylation haplotype map of 11 common solid cancers.

In heterogeneous tumors, adjacent CpG sites form methylation haplotype blocks (MHBs), genomic regions where methylation status reflects local epigenetic concordance. While MHBs have been implicated in gene dysregulation, their pan-cancer dynamics and clinical relevance remain unclear. We profiled 110 primary tumors across 11 common solid cancer types, identifying 81,567 MHBs.

Impact of biomass burning on HONO chemistry and atmospheric oxidation capacity in the Yangtze River delta, China.

Extensive research confirms that biomass burning (BB) significantly contributes to particulate matter and gaseous pollutant emissions. Open burning of wheat straw is particularly common during the harvest season, directly affecting air quality and atmospheric oxidation capacity. In this study, nitrous acid (HONO) and associated atmospheric species were investigated during the BB season at a suburban station, as part of the 2018 EXPLORE-YRD campaign.

Molecular Suturing Enabled Strong and Ultrahigh-Responsivity Janus 2D Semiconductor Fibers for Self-Powered Wearable Optoelectronics.

Constructing semiconductor heterostructure fiber (SHF) is a crucial strategy to advance next-generation textile-based wearable, self-powered, and long-termly comfortable optoelectronic platforms. However, in current SHF, carrier extraction/transport and stress transfer across the heterointerface usually encounter huge hindrances due to the uncontrolled structural defects (e.g.

Proteomics analysis of damage mechanism of RAW264.7 cells under Th(IV) stress.

Thorium (Th) is widely distributed in the earth's crust and poses a risk to human health. In this study, the viability of murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells was evaluated, and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed under various Th(IV) stress.

Infrared Spectroscopy with Variable Decomposition Level Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform for Quantification of Air Pollutants.

Open-Path Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (OP-FTIR) is a key active remote sensing technology for detecting and identifying atmospheric pollutants. However, accurately characterizing gaseous pollutants under open-path conditions presents significant challenges, primarily due to the real-time estimation of background spectra. To address this issue, a variable decomposition level dual-tree complex wavelet transform method is proposed for adaptive background spectrum estimation.

Design and optimization of high-precision integrated experimental environments for large scientific facilities.

This study focuses on designing a high-precision laboratory for the Shenzhen superconducting soft x-ray free electron laser, addressing the stringent control requirements for temperature, humidity, and airflow that exceed conventional design methods. Using computational fluid dynamics simulation, we optimize airflow and temperature distribution to meet standards of 23 ± 0.1 °C, 37.

Solar-Driven Atmospheric Water Production Through Hierarchically Ordered Porous Carbon for Self-Sustaining Green Hydrogen Production.

Green hydrogen production by proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) powered by clean energy is a promising and environmentally friendly technology. However, it relies on a high-purity water source, which is limited in regions facing water scarcity. Here, a coupled self-sustaining solar-enabled system is reported that couples atmospheric water harvesting with PEM water electrolysis (AWH-PEMWE), offering a novel pathway for clean water generation and green hydrogen production.

FPR3 orchestrates macrophage polarization in breast cancer: multi-omics dissection of prognostic relevance and therapeutic targeting.

Background: The N-formyl peptide receptor family (FPRs) is implicated in the progression of diverse cancer types, yet studies specifically exploring their roles in breast cancer remain scarce.

Methods: A comprehensive analysis integrating bulk RNA-seq transcriptomics, methylomics, single-cell transcriptomics, and spatial single-cell transcriptomics data was conducted to elucidate the distinctive characteristics of FPRs in breast cancer. This study particularly focused on delineating the e xpression profiles of FPR3 across distinct breast cancer subtypes, while systematically investigating its prognostic implications and association with macrophage polarization patterns in breast cancer patients.

Attention Scale Fusion Network for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Serum Tumor Biomarkers Via Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Serum tumor biomarkers are critical molecular indicators reflecting tumor initiation and progression, making it essential for developing highly sensitive and convenient detection methods. Label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical method, offering detailed molecular fingerprints of biomolecules including tumor biomarkers. However, its application in serum biomarker analysis remains challenging due to matrix interference obscuring spectral features of low-abundance analytes.

Neighbourhood greenness might impact thyroid hormone levels in children, adolescents, and young adults.

Background: Growing attention has been paid to the health benefits of neighbourhood greenness in urban cities, whereas the potential impacts on thyroid hormone levels remain unclear, particularly among children, adolescents, and young adults.

Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included 57,198 participants aged 6-25 years from an open cohort in Taiwan, observed from 2000 to 2017. Individual thyroid stimulating-hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured using immunoassay analysers.

Autofluorescence properties of wound-associated bacteria cultured under various temperature, salinity, and pH conditions.

Background: Bacterial autofluorescence plays a vital role in photodiagnosis (PD) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), yet the autofluorescence properties of wound-associated bacteria and their responses to the physicochemical microenvironment, remain underexplored. Here, we investigated the bacterial autofluorescence of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus under various culture conditions, including different temperatures, NaCl concentrations, and pH levels found within wounds. Fluorescence imaging was employed to quantify red fluorescence intensity, while fluorescence spectrometry was used to correlate the observed fluorescence with spectral profiles, benchmarking them against coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin IX.