Proteomics analysis of damage mechanism of RAW264.7 cells under Th(IV) stress.

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Wanjiang Emerging Industry Technology Development Center, Tongling 244000, China; Collaborative Innovatio

Published: August 2025


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Article Abstract

Thorium (Th) is widely distributed in the earth's crust and poses a risk to human health. In this study, the viability of murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells was evaluated, and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed under various Th(IV) stress. The mechanism of Th(IV) on RAW264.7 was investigated using proteomics approaches. The results indicated that cell viability decreased with the increase of Th(IV) concentration, and Th(IV) caused cells to produce ROS and reduce MMP. Proteomics analysis revealed that Th(IV) affected the expression of nuclear proteins and transport-related proteins, inhibiting cell growth. Western blot analysis was performed on HtrA2, ARFGAP1, STAT3, CyclinD1, AKT, and GSK-3β, which confirmed the findings of the proteome analysis. This study contributed to elucidating damage mechanisms of Th(IV) on RAW264.7 cells.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118844DOI Listing

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