Bimetallic SnBi catalyst in metal-organic framework for efficient electrocatalytic CO conversion.

Currently, electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into higher-value compounds is a promising approach. However, developing a stable and efficient catalyst with high selectivity for specific products remains a major challenge. Herein, we constructed a bismuth-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF) as a catalyst for the catalytic production of formic acid from carbon dioxide, to which different ratios of tin metal elements were doped.

A Robust Immobilization Method for Membrane Protein SPR Assays Using SpyCatcher-SpyTag.

Membrane proteins are essential for numerous biological processes and constitute a significant portion of drug targets, making the study of their interactions with ligands crucial for drug discovery. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a powerful, label-free technique for real-time biomolecular interaction analysis, but its application to membrane proteins is limited by inherent difficulties in immobilizing these proteins on sensor surfaces while preserving their native conformation and functionality. Lipid nanodiscs offer a promising solution by providing a native-like membrane environment.

The 4b-active-site ternary medium-entropy Prussian blue analogs with multiple redox centers enhance the "sp-mixing" effect boosting a new mechanism of interfacial passivation in high voltage aqueous magnesium-ion batteries.

The aqueous rechargeable magnesium ion batteries (ARMBs) are considered as one of the promising alternatives for the lithium organic batteries (Libs). However, the strong Coulombic repulsion brought by divalent alkaline earth metal ions (Mg) poses a new challenge to the stability of electrode materials. We present for the first time the introduction of a ternary medium-entropy effect (Fe, Mn and Co) at the 4b-active-site of the high spin (HS) of the Prussian blue analog (named KMEHCF) to enhance the "sp-mixing" effect of its cyanogen structure.

Machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of admission to intensive care units in HIV-infected individuals: a single-centre study.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV from a rapidly progressive and fatal disease to a chronic disease with limited impact on life expectancy. However, people living with HIV(PLWHs) faced high critical illness risk due to the increased prevalence of various comorbidities and are admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU). This study aimed to use machine learning to predict ICU admission risk in PLWHs.

"A perfect pair": extracellular vesicle-based novel strategies for precise cancer diagnosis and effective treatment.

Cancer remains a critical global health challenge, demanding innovative biomarkers and therapeutic targets for improved diagnosis and treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are cell-secreted entities facilitating intercellular communication, have emerged as promising non-invasive biomarkers in oncology. This review focuses on the role of EVs in cancer diagnosis and therapy, covering their biogenesis, isolation, characterization, and functional implications.

Research advances in structure and functions of complement C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 4: A review.

Complement C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 4 (CTRP4) is a unique member of the CTRP family, distinguished by its two tandem C1q globular domains and broad tissue distribution, with particularly high expression in the central nervous system and adipose tissue. Initially recognized for its role in metabolic regulation, CTRP4 has since emerged as a pleiotropic adipokine involved in the pathogenesis of various disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and multiple types of cancer. Mechanistically, CTRP4 mediates its diverse functions through binding to the nucleolin receptor and modulation of key signaling pathways such as NF-κB, STAT3, AMPK, and PI3K/Akt.

Dual-Enzymatic Nanocatalyst for Optimizing Hypoxia Wound Healing via Linkage-Enhanced Sonodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing multidrug-resistant bacterial infections by leveraging ultrasound (US)-activated sensitizers to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) with high spatiotemporal precision and negligible resistance development. However, clinical translation remains challenging owing to the limited ROS yields in hypoxic infection microenvironments and the scarcity of biocompatible nanosonosensitizers. Inspired by the catalytic architecture of heme-containing peroxidases, a metalloporphyrin-based nanozyme, poly (osmium porphyrin) (i.

ARTP Mutagenesis of BZ103 to Enhance Laccase Activity and Transcriptomic Analysis of the Mutants.

Laccases (EC1.10.3.

Acoustic signal-based precise positioning of Bragg peak for laser-accelerated monoenergetic proton pulses.

Background: With the advancement of ultra-short pulse technology and the rapid progress of FLASH radiotherapy, it is clinically desirable and technically possible to utilize the radiation acoustic effect of radiotherapy pulses for noninvasive real-time in vivo dose monitoring.

Purpose: As a crucial foundation of in vivo dose monitoring using laser-accelerated proton acoustics, this study focuses on measuring, analyzing, and processing the acoustic signals to precisely position the Bragg peak of laser-accelerated monoenergetic proton pulses.

Materials And Methods: Nanosecond-scale high-energy broadband proton bunches were produced from the interaction of ultra-intense femtosecond laser pulses with thin film targets.

Increased levels of Foxp3CD4NKT-like cells are associated with HIV disease progression.

Persistent immune activation is a key factor contributing to AIDS progression and non-AIDS-associated complications. NKT-like cells were found to exert immunosuppressive roles under some pathological situations by Foxp3 upregulation. Here, we found that Foxp3 was mainly expressed on CD4NKT-like cells in untreated people living with HIV (PLWH) and the frequencies of Foxp3CD4NKT-like cells were correlated with HIV disease progression.

Over-activation and dysfunction of platelet-NK cell aggregates in HIV-infected individuals.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with over-activation, which contributes to disease progression. Platelet-leukocyte aggregates play a critical role in HIV-1 infection. However, research on the characteristics of platelet-natural killer (NK) cell aggregates in HIV-infected individuals still has certain limitations.

Fe Coordination Environment Modulating Oxygen Evolution Reaction Properties of Cobalt Site.

Co─Fe layered double hydroxide (LDH) has shown great performance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), however, the effect of Fe in Co─Fe compounds as well as its mechanism for promoting OER are still of great challenge. Herein, Co─Fe bimetallic silicate hydroxides, with a similar structure of Co─Fe LDH and more advantages, are designed to address the issue about the performance-determining site (PDS). In designed Co─Fe bimetallic silicate hydroxides, two different coordinated Fe ions in cationic layers (Fe (Oh)) and anionic layers (Fe (Td)) are distinguished to achieve high-efficient OER catalysts, where introducing Al as heteroatom can shield the existence of Fe (Td), creating a key contrast.

Clinicopathological characteristics and diagnostic performance of metagenomic pathogen detection technology in mycobacterial infections among HIV patients.

Background: Mycobacterial infections represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals. This study evaluated diagnostic techniques for mycobacterial identification and compared clinicopathological features between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.

Methods: We analyzed 88 tissue samples (with 41 matched blood and 28 sputum samples) using histopathology (HE and acid-fast staining), bacterial culture, MTB-PCR (sputum/biopsy), PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization (RDBH), and metagenomic pathogen detection technology (MetaPath™).

Biomimetic liposomal nanovesicles remodel the tumor immune microenvironment to augment sono-immunotherapy.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT)-mediated immunogenic cell death and immune checkpoint blockade offer new opportunities for tumor treatment. However, challenges including immunosuppression, hypoxic tumor microenvironments, and inadequate drug delivery hinder therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, we developed a multifunctional biomimetic liposome microbubble named H-R@Lip@M, which is coated with melanoma cell membranes, contains perfluoropentane as its core, and is loaded with the sonosensitizer hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether and the immune adjuvant resiquimod.

Increased frequency of Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells is associated with disease progression during HIV infection.

Objectives: Recent years have witnessed unprecedented strides in comprehending non-CD4 regulatory T cells (Tregs), such as CD8 + Tregs and double-negative T cells (DNT cells), and their role in sustaining immune tolerance and restricting immune activation. This study investigates the role of Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells during HIV infection and assess the markers associated with CD4 + Tregs.

Design: This study was designed as a cross-sectional cohort study, comprising 21 age-matched healthy controls, 122 treatment-naive participants, and 60 people with HIV (PWH) receiving successful treatment (antiretroviral therapies, ARTs).

Strong but Reversible Super Fatty Acid Adhesives with Adjustable On-Off Temperature.

Reversible adhesion is highly desired for intelligent engineering, reassembling devices, and recycling resources. However, many reported reversible adhesives require solvent or pH stimuli to achieve adversity switches, which are very inconvenient for practical applications. So far, thermally responsive adhesives are reported to be very appealing in achieving facile reversible adhesion.

24-month outcomes after switching to Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in people living with HIV and HBcAb positivity at the Beijing Ditan Hospital in China.

Background: Dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) is a recommended therapy regimen for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative people living with HIV (PLWH) who have achieved HIV virological suppression or are treatment-naïve. However, this may overlook the impact of occult hepatitis B infection on HIV suppression, which mainly present as hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) positive but HBsAg negative. We aim to assess the effect of HBcAb positivity on HIV suppression among PLWH who had switched to DTG/3TC.

The CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with T lymphocyte functions in long-term virally suppressed patients with HIV.

Objective: Long-term management of people living with HIV (PLWHs) often relies on CD4 T cell counts for assessing immune recovery, yet a single metric offers limited information. This study aimed to explore the association between the CD4/CD8 ratio and T lymphocyte activities in PLWHs.

Methods: 125 PLWHs and 31 HIV-uninfected controls (UCs) were enrolled and categorized into four groups based on their CD4/CD8 ratios: extremely low ratio (ELR) group: 0.

Virtual Reality-Based Psychological Intervention for Young Adults Living With HIV: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Young adults (15-24 years old) living with HIV may experience pressure both from HIV infection and social role change problems, resulting in a series of psychological problems such as depression and anxiety. Effective psychological intervention can improve their mental health and quality of life.

Objective: The study aims to explore the effectiveness of VR-based mental intervention on young adults living with HIV.

Impact of different antiretroviral therapy regimens on bone mineral density in people living with HIV: a retrospective and longitudinal study in China.

Background: HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with bone loss of people living with HIV (PLWH), but limited studies exist on the impacts of ART regimens on bone mineral density (BMD) in China. This study evaluated BMD changes with three common ART regimens: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) + lamivudine (3TC) + efavirenz (EFV), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)-containing, and dolutegravir (DTG)-containing (non-TDF/non-TAF) therapies.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the prevalence of low BMD was analyzed in PLWH who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before ART initiation.

Identification of a novel anti-ROR1 nanobody through phage display and its biochemical characterization.

In this study, we aimed to develop nanobodies targeting receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) for cancer diagnosis and therapy. We immunized alpacas with ROR1, extracted RNA from their blood, and converted it to complementary DNA (cDNA) to amplify the VHH (variable domain of heavy-chain antibodies) sequence. This sequence was used to construct a phage library with a capacity of 8 ×10.

Biomechanic Differences Between Anticipated and Unanticipated Volleyball Block Jump: Implications for Lower Limb Injury Risk.

Volleyball is a high-intensity sport characterized by repetitive jumping, sudden directional changes, and overhead movements, all of which significantly increase the risk of injuries, particularly to the shoulders, knees, and ankles. Despite the frequency of injuries caused by actions like blocking and spiking, there has been limited research focused on the specific biomechanical risk factors unique to volleyball. This study aimed to investigate the lower limb biomechanics during block jumps in both the dominant and non-dominant directions, under both anticipated and unanticipated conditions, in fifteen elite male volleyball players.

Exploration of common pathogenesis and candidate hub genes between HIV and monkeypox co-infection using bioinformatics and machine learning.

This study explored the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and monkeypox co-infection, identifying candidate hub genes and potential drugs using bioinformatics and machine learning. Datasets for HIV (GSE 37250) and monkeypox (GSE 24125) were obtained from the GEO database. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in co-infection were identified by intersecting DEGs from monkeypox datasets with genes from key HIV modules screened using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA).