Enhancement of sulforaphene stability via hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based solid dispersions: exploiting hydrophobic cavities and hydrogen bonding-mediated water sequestration.

Sulforaphene (SFE) is a bioactive isothiocyanate, known for its cancer-preventive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the application of SFE is severely limited by its poor stability. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), an amphiphilic carbohydrate polymer, has potentials to enhance the stability of SFE and the loading capacity.

Preliminary safety risk assessment of parabens in children's cosmetics sold in China.

Since adverse health outcomes of parabens added in children's cosmetics have been reported, it is important to investigate preliminary risk characteristic assessment of parabens preservatives in children's cosmetics. This study aimed to calculate exposure parameters using a combination experimental data and an exposure assessment tool to make safety assessment for parabens in children's cosmetics. The paraben concentration of different formulation types of 63 products of children's cosmetic products were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Efficient Preparation of High-Purity Sulforaphene: Selective Immobilization of Myrosinase by Designing a Concanavalin A-Loaded Metal-Organic Framework.

Isothiocyanates (ITCs) in cruciferous plants are natural active ingredients with cancer-preventive, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial functions. ITCs are generated through the hydrolysis of glucosinolates by myrosinase (MYR). However, the presence of specifier proteins, especially epithionitrile-specifier proteins (ESPs), significantly impacts the yield, purification, and application of ITCs.

Regulating Zn flux and transport behavior with CF-functionalized UiO-66 modified separator for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

The increasing demand for more sustainable and safer energy storage systems has driven significant interest in finding alternatives to conventional lithium-ion batteries. Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their high theoretical capacity and the natural abundance of Zn. However, the performance of AZIBs is often limited by the instability of Zn anodes, leading to challenges such as dendrite formation, side reactions, and poor cycling stability.

Trimethylamine-N-oxide promotes vascular aging via inhibiting GATA4 degradation in chronic kidney disease rats.

A high percentage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients suffer from vascular aging. It has been demonstrated that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an important indicator of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD. However, there is no clear understanding of how TMAO contributes to vascular aging in CKD.

Immune targeting of triple-negative breast cancer through a clinically actionable STING agonist-CAR T cell platform.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has emerged as a critical cancer immunotherapy target. However, no STING agonist has advanced beyond phase I/II clinical trials, as obstacles center around applying STING agonism to the appropriate clinical context, retaining it in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and limiting its T cell toxicity. Using triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we identify defective STING turnover as a cancer state promoting hypersensitivity to STING agonism.

Understanding the interplay between COVID-19 and diabetes: insights for the post-pandemic era.

The global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has had a profound impact on the onset, progression, and management of diabetes, posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. This review elucidates the multifaceted impact of SARS-CoV-2 on diabetes mellitus, emphasizing the increased complexity of glycemic management in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection following viral infection in the postpandemic era. In this study, we examined the diverse effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on individuals with diabetes.

A Cross-Tissue Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Susceptibility Genes for Diabetic Kidney Disease in the FinnGen Cohort.

: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common diabetic complication, driven by a multifactorial pathogenesis that includes various genetic components. However, the precise causative genes and their underlying biological pathways remain poorly understood. : We performed a cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of DKD using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from 49 tissues in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) version 8 (v8) resource.

Organelles Ca redistribution contributes to cadmium-induced EMT of renal cancer cells through p-cPLA-mediated arachidonic acid release.

Cadmium ion (Cd) is a non-essential metal that can increase cancer risk, including potentially renal cell carcinoma (RCC), though this link is not definitive. Cd exposure impairs fatty acid metabolism in the kidneys, particularly affecting arachidonic acid (AA) levels, which are crucial for health. Previous studies have suggested that Cd-altered the AA metabolism associates with renal dysfunction.

CD38 macrophages promote fibrotic transition following acute kidney injury by modulating NAD metabolism.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) encompasses a spectrum of conditions, varying from mild and self-limiting to severe cases that can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Macrophages are crucial in the progression from AKI to CKD, yet the diversity of macrophage subsets complicates the identification of key functional types. We established a detailed single-cell atlas of mononuclear macrophages from the onset of AKI through its progression to CKD.

Present situation and influencing factors of presenteeism among nurses in China: a cross-sectional multicenter study.

Background: Due to the nature of their work, nurses are increasingly becoming a high-risk group for presenteeism. However, research on the factors influencing nurses' presenteeism, particularly psychological detachment, remains limited. This study aims to investigate the current status of nurses' presenteeism in China, based on the theory of effort-recovery, analyze the factors that affect presenteeism, and provide a theoretical foundation for targeted interventions.

Dietary branched-chain amino acids intake and coronary artery calcium progression: insights from the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study.

Objective: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) have been implicated in the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, it is unclear whether dietary BCAA intake, specifically isoleucine, leucine, and valine are associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression.

Methods: We included the participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study cohort for the analysis.

Integrated network pharmacology, proteomics, molecular docking, and experiments in vivo and in vitro to explore the efficacy and potential mechanism of bufalin against hepatocellular carcinoma angiogenesis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bufalin is a potent bioactive compound extracted from the venom of toads such as Bufo gargarizans. It has rich pharmacological effects, and its traditional applications mainly include anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, especially in cancer treatment, which has been a hot topic of research. Prior research has suggested that bufalin may have anti-tumor angiogenic effects.

Efficient and Specific PDGFRβ-Targeting Dual-Mode T-T MRI Nanoprobe for Early Diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-induced early-stage liver fibrosis is increasingly common. Non-invasive MRI detection offers an important diagnostic method to prevent fibrosis from progressing to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. However, because fibrosis is confined to the periportal areas, and changes in tissue structure and stiffness are minimal, standard T- or T-weighted imaging struggles to capture these early-stage lesions.

Evaluating sowing uniformity in hybrid rice using image processing and the OEW-YOLOv8n network.

Sowing uniformity is an important evaluation indicator of mechanical sowing quality. In order to achieve accurate evaluation of sowing uniformity in hybrid rice mechanical sowing, this study takes the seeds in a seedling tray of hybrid rice blanket-seedling nursing as the research object and proposes a method for evaluating sowing uniformity by combining image processing methods and the ODConv_C2f-ECA-WIoU-YOLOv8n (OEW-YOLOv8n) network. Firstly, image processing methods are used to segment seed image and obtain seed grids.

Classification and identification of risk factors for type 2 diabetes.

The risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been increasingly researched, but the lack of systematic identification and categorization makes it difficult for clinicians to quickly and accurately access and understand all the risk factors, which are categorized in this paper into five categories: Social determinants, lifestyle, checkable/testable risk factors, history of illness and medication, and other factors, which are discussed in a narrative review. Meanwhile, this paper points out the problems of the current research, helps to improve the systematic categorisation and practicality of T2DM risk factors, and provides a professional research basis for clinical practice and industry decision-making.

The clinical application of artificial intelligence in cancer precision treatment.

Background: Artificial intelligence has made significant contributions to oncology through the availability of high-dimensional datasets and advances in computing and deep learning. Cancer precision medicine aims to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects for individual cancer patients. However, a comprehensive review describing the impact of artificial intelligence on cancer precision medicine is lacking.

Hypoxia-regulated miR-103-3p/FGF2 axis in adipose-derived stem cells promotes angiogenesis by vascular endothelial cells during ischemic tissue repair.

Background: Identifying factors mediating adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-induced endothelial cell angiogenesis in hypoxic skin flap tissue is critical for reconstruction. While the paracrine action of VEGF by adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is established in promoting endothelial cell angiogenesis, the role of FGF2 and its regulatory mechanisms in ADSCs paracrine secretion remains unclear.

Methods: We induced hypoxia and examined the expression level of FGF2 in ADSCs using ELISA, qRT-PCR, and western blotting.

Effects of Peer Video Feedback Based on Cultural Historical Activity Theory in the Operational Training of New Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Previous studies have confirmed the potential effectiveness of peer video feedback in the operational training of health care students. However, an appropriate theoretical framework to support peer video feedback has not been established. The cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) provides a suitable framework.

Identification of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Subtypes and Predictive Model for Graft Loss after Kidney Transplantation Based on Programmed Cell Death-Related Genes.

Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is detrimental to kidney transplants and may contribute to poor long-term outcomes of transplantation. Programmed cell death (PCD), a regulated cell death form triggered by IRI, is often indicative of an unfavorable prognosis following transplantation. However, given the intricate pathophysiology of IRI and the considerable variability in clinical conditions during kidney transplantation, the specific patterns of cell death within renal tissues remain ambiguous.

Rationally designed laterally-condensed-catalysts deliver robust activity and selectivity for ethylene production in acetylene hydrogenation.

Future carbon management strategies require storage in elemental form, achievable through a sequence of CO hydrogenation reactions. Hydrogen is recycled from molecular intermediates by dehydrogenation, and side product acetylene selectively hydrogenated to ethylene. Existing Pd alloy catalysts for gas purification underperform in concentrated feeds, necessitating novel concepts.

Identification of a novel anti-ROR1 nanobody through phage display and its biochemical characterization.

In this study, we aimed to develop nanobodies targeting receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) for cancer diagnosis and therapy. We immunized alpacas with ROR1, extracted RNA from their blood, and converted it to complementary DNA (cDNA) to amplify the VHH (variable domain of heavy-chain antibodies) sequence. This sequence was used to construct a phage library with a capacity of 8 ×10.

Hydrophilic Metal-Organic Frameworks Regulated by Biomineralized Protein for Enhanced Stability and Drug Delivery.

For bridging the gap between biological and synthetic materials, the fusion of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) with biological entities has emerged as a revolutionary strategy in functional materials. In this context, our study introduces a novel structure wherein Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), a robust and versatile protein, encapsulates zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), forming a protein-caged MOF. Highlighting the advantages of this innovative design, the protein-encapsulation enhances the stability and dispersity of ZIF-8, and aids in the synthesis of smaller-sized nanoparticles, crucial for size-impact performance applications.