Exploiting targeted degradation of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases for cancer therapeutics: a review.

Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been recognized as essential regulators of the intricate cell cycle, orchestrating DNA replication and transcription, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of the CDK pathway is prevalent in the development and progression of human cancers, rendering cyclins and CDKs attractive therapeutic targets.

Infrared Spectroscopy with Variable Decomposition Level Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform for Quantification of Air Pollutants.

Open-Path Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (OP-FTIR) is a key active remote sensing technology for detecting and identifying atmospheric pollutants. However, accurately characterizing gaseous pollutants under open-path conditions presents significant challenges, primarily due to the real-time estimation of background spectra. To address this issue, a variable decomposition level dual-tree complex wavelet transform method is proposed for adaptive background spectrum estimation.

Targeting AKT to treat liver disease: Opportunities and challenges.

AKT, a serine/threonine kinase, is essential for liver homeostasis and is critically involved in the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of liver diseases. It regulates multiple downstream signaling pathways Through phosphorylation of downstream substrates, AKT modulates key cellular processes including lipid metabolism, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Persistent liver injury, induced by viral infections, alcohol consumption, or high-fat diets, often triggers maladaptive repair mechanisms that can progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma.

Deposition of uniform films on complex 3D objects by atomic layer deposition for plasma etch-resistant coatings.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a layer-by-layer technique for producing conformal, high-quality films, ideal for corrosion-resistant coatings on complex geometries. However, depositing thicker films on complex 3D objects presents challenges in maintaining effective precursor delivery across the surface. This paper describes the design and realization of a method to increase precursor concentration in the boundary layer near the complex object surface by introducing slitted baffles within the chamber.

Assessing MRI-based Artificial Intelligence Models for Preoperative Prediction of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based artificial intelligence (AI) in the preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted up to May 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies using MRI-based AI models with histopathologically confirmed MVI were included.

Chemerin sustains the growth of spongiotrophoblast and sinusoidal trophoblast giant cells through fatty acid oxidation.

Background: Placental metabolic dysfunction is associated with pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and fetal growth restriction. However, little is known about how the metabolic processes regulate placental development and trophoblast differentiation. The adipokine chemerin, whose serum level is elevated during pregnancy, regulates the placental lipid metabolism and may influence placental development and trophoblast differentiation.

Study on the distribution characteristics and seismic hazard evaluation of loess seismic landslides in the southern Ningxia area.

The unique topographical and geomorphological characteristics of the southern Ningxia area, coupled with the active seismic activity background, have led to loess earthquake-induced landslides becoming the predominant type of seismic geological disaster in this region. Among them, the landslides triggered by the 1920 Haiyuan M8.5 great earthquake are particularly typical and severe.

Exposure to environmental toxicants and gout risk in adults: Unveiling the associations and potential targets.

Emerging environmental toxicants may jeopardise uric acid metabolism, but the associations between toxicants and gout risk remain unknown. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the associations of toxicants with gout and to investigate the mediated mechanisms. This cross-sectional study included 22,591 adults diagnosed with gout in the NHANES 2011-2018.

Application of deep learning models in the pathological classification and staging of esophageal cancer: A focus on Wave-Vision Transformer.

Background: Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Early prognosis of esophageal abnormalities can improve patient survival rates. The progression of esophageal cancer follows a sequence from esophagitis to non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus, dysplastic Barrett's esophagus, and eventually esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Taxifolin attenuates liver fibrosis by regulating the phosphorylation of NDRG1 at Thr328 hepatocyte-stellate cell cross talk.

Taxifolin (TAX) is a natural compound known for its liver protection effect, but the mechanism remains unknown. Phosphorylated proteomics analyses discovered that the phosphorylation level of NDRG1 at T328 was a key event of TAX-improved liver fibrosis. We established models with NDRG1 knockout (KO) and demonstrating that NDRG1 KO attenuated the development of hepatocyte injury, and combining NDRG1 KO and TAX administration did not result in a reduction in protection against liver injury.

Isoferulic Acid Mitigates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Sepsis Through the Inhibition of JAK2.

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), among the most severe organ damages, induces irreversible lung injuries and results in a high mortality rate. The occurrence of ALI is highly correlated with the out-of-control inflammatory factors. Therefore, inflammatory inhibition is a crucial measure for treating sepsis-induced ALI.

Bioactive fraction of processed Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma anti-liver fibrosis by regulate taurine metabolism through PI3K/AKT pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Fibrosis is a prevalent pathological process in various chronic liver conditions. Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma (CR-SR) and its vinegar-processed derivatives are representative traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) that are utilized for promoting blood circulation, eliminating stasis and anti liver fibrosis in clinical practice in China. However, the bioactive fraction and the action of mechanism of CR-SR remain elusive.

Multiparametric radiomics signature for predicting molecular genotypes in adult-type diffuse gliomas utilizing F-FET PET/MRI.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the utility of radiomic features derived from multiparametric O-(2- F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (F-FET) positron emission tomography (PET)/ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the prediction of molecular genotypes in adult-type diffuse gliomas.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 97 adult-type diffuse glioma patients, divided into 70% training and 30% testing cohorts. Each participant underwent hybrid PET/MRI scans, including FLAIR, 3D T1-CE, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and F-FET PET.

Carboxylesterase 1 regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma to inhibit the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women, and it has an absence of effective therapies. Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), a member of the carboxylesterase family, has anti-tumor properties in several types of cancer. However, the function of CES1 in breast cancer remains unclear.

A GDSL esterase/lipase gene GbGELP identified from a fiber micronaire QTL qMIC-A11 modulates cell elongation and fiber development.

A fiber micronaire QTL qMIC-A11 was fine-mapped, and the GDSL esterase/lipase gene GbGELP was identified as the causal gene of the QTL. GbGELP modulates cell elongation and cotton fiber development. Fine mapping and map-based cloning of fiber micronaire (MIC)-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) have not been reported to date.

Comparative efficacy of interventional therapy with or without targeted immunotherapy in Child-Pugh B hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a single-center, retrospective study.

Background: Current large clinical trials mainly focus on Child-Pugh A (CP-A) stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, with limited data on CP-B patients especially those classified as B8-9, whose treatment needs remain inadequately addressed. This study aims to evaluate the safety efficacy of interventional treatments, with or without targeted-immunotherapy and characteristics of CP-B stage HCC patients receiving.

Methods: This single-center retrospective investigation incorporated 119 patients were stratified into two cohorts: the interventional therapy cohort (42) and the combined targeted immunotherapy cohort (77).

Preparation and characterization of κ-carrageenan/yam starch composite films incorporated with cinnamaldehyde Pickering emulsions.

Plastic packaging is highly resistant to degradation, leading to significant environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of packaging material, especially natural polymer-based packaging materials. This study aimed to prepare a κ-carrageenan/yam starch (KC/YS) composite film incorporating cinnamaldehyde-based Pickering emulsions (CA-PE) to resolve the aforementioned issue and to investigate the impact of the CA-PE on the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivity of the composite films.

Cycloastragenol reduces inflammation in CLP-induced septic MICE by suppressing TLR4 signaling pathways.

Background: Aggressive systemic inflammation due to activation of macrophage-derived excessive immune responses is a critical cause of sepsis leading to clinical death. The effect of cycloastragenol (CAG) on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced systemic inflammation in mice with sepsis and the underlying mechanism are still unknown.

Purpose: Here, we firstly investigated the ameliorative functions of CAG in CLP-induced systemic inflammation in sepsis and LPS-mediated inflammatory response, and the impact of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway on the anti-inflammatory effects of CAG.

Identification and validation of a lenvatinib resistance-related prognostic signature in HCC, in which PFKFB4 contributes to tumor progression and lenvatinib resistance.

Background: Drug resistance reflects the evolution of tumors and represents the leading factor behind recurrence and death. Lenvatinib is the first-line therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its effectiveness is limited by rapid development of resistance. Therefore, we aimed to identify lenvatinib resistance-related genes and assess their influence on prognosis and treatment response in HCC.

Proteome-Wide Data Guides the Discovery of Lysine-Targeting Covalent Inhibitors Using DNA-Encoded Chemical Libraries.

Broadening the application of covalent inhibitors requires the exploration of nucleophilic residues beyond cysteine. The covalent DNA-encoded chemical library (CoDEL) represents an advanced technology for covalent drug discovery. However, its application in lysine-targeting inhibitors remains uncharted territory.

Unveiling the interplay among skin microbiota, cytokines, and T2DM: an insightful Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous observational studies have indicated a correlation between the skin microbiome and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It is hypothesized that this causal relationship may be influenced by inflammatory responses. However, these factors as determinants of T2DM remain largely unexplored.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy for enhanced multiparametric MRI characterization of [F]FET PET-negative gliomas.

Background: Approximately 30-36% of gliomas presented with [F]fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine ([F]FET) PET-negative at primary diagnosis, which interferes with the differentiation of gliomas from other isolated brain lesions. Preoperative noninvasive identification of [F]FET PET-negative gliomas to aggressive surgical treatment could reduce ineffective treatment and improve prognosis. This study aimed to assess the potential utility of multiparametric MRI with H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) in the diagnosis of gliomas within [F]FET PET-negative isolated cerebral lesions.

Establishing a clinical prediction model for diabetic foot ulcers in type 2 diabetic patients with lower extremity arteriosclerotic occlusion using machine learning.

The burden of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is exacerbated in diabetic patients with concomitant arteriosclerotic occlusion disease (ASO) in the lower extremities, who experience more severe symptoms and poorer prognoses. The study aims to develop a predictive model grounded in machine learning (ML) algorithms, specifically tailored to forecast the occurrence of DFU in diabetic patients with lower extremity ASO. The study involves the data from diabetic patients diagnosed with lower extremity ASO from January 1, 2011 to August 31, 2023.

Deciphering the molecular fingerprint of haemoglobin in lung cancer: A new strategy for early diagnosis using two-trace two-dimensional correlation near infrared spectroscopy (2T2D-NIRS) and machine learning techniques.

Lung cancer remains one of the deadliest malignancies worldwide, highlighting the need for highly sensitive and minimally invasive early diagnostic methods. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers unique advantages in probing molecular vibrational information from blood, effectively capturing potential structural changes in haemoglobin (Hb) in lung cancer patients. In this study, we address the challenge of detecting subtle Hb features within the broader blood matrix and introduce an innovative two-stage spectral analysis framework.