Hot carriers and hot phonons in MAPbI under pulsed excitation.

A deeper understanding of the physical properties of highly promising organic-inorganic hybrid materials, such as methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI), is crucial for advancing high-performance optoelectronic devices. This perspective examines the interaction between such typical materials with pulsed lasers, focusing on the dynamics of hot electrons and hot phonons. Various models describing carrier cooling are discussed, with emphasis on the role of non-equilibrium phonons and related computational approaches.

RadSpliceDB: A Comprehensive Database of Radiotherapy Prognosis-Related Splicing Isoforms.

Radiotherapy (RT) plays a crucial role in tumor treatment, but reliable prognostic biomarkers for patient survival remain limited. To address this gap, we constructed a comprehensive database, RadSpliceDB (https://radsplicedb.com.

Sweat-sensitive adaptive warm clothing.

Thermal regulation in warm clothing is essential for enhancing human comfort in cold environments. However, traditional warm clothing lacks the ability to adapt to dynamic changes in the human body's microenvironment. Here, we present an adaptive warm cloth, featuring a filling made of a natural bacterial cellulose membrane that responds to human sweating.

A two-step joint model based on deep learning realizes intelligent recognition of exfoliated cells in serous effusion.

Cytological examination of serous effusion is critical for diagnosing malignancies, yet it heavily relies on subjective interpretation by pathologists, leading to inconsistent accuracy and misdiagnosis, especially in regions with limited medical resources. To address this challenge, we propose a two-step deep learning framework to standardize and enhance the diagnostic process. First, we improved the YOLOv8 model by integrating the Online Convolutional Reparameterization (OREPA) module, achieving a 93.

Low-temperature plasma mutagenesis breeding of Chlorella sorokiniana mutant strains for efficient carbon sequestration.

In this study, low-temperature plasma was used to achieve mutagenesis of Chlorella sorokiniana and two mutants with good traits were successfully obtained after several rounds of screening. The results showed that the biomass of the mutants was increased by 15.31% and 19.

NEDD4 is a biomarker of a poor prognosis that contributes to the progression and chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of primary lung carcinomas and has the poorest outcome in all subtypes of lung cancer. The major hurdle for SCLC treatment failure is resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Therefore, an unmet need is to discover new targets that promote SCLC progression and chemoresistance.

DrugBERT: a BERT-based approach integrating LDA topic embedding and efficacy-aware mechanism for predicting anti-tumor drug efficacy.

Background: Due to the complexity of tumor genetic heterogeneity, personalized medicine has progressively emerged as the central focus of cancer research. However, how to accurately predict the drug response of patients before receiving treatment is the critical challenge to the development of this field.

Methods: This paper proposes DrugBERT, a BERT-based framework integrated with LDA topic embedding and a drug efficacy-aware mechanism for predicting the efficacy of antitumor drugs.

Design and analysis of a high-precision uniform field scanning micro-motion platform for ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging.

To meet the scanning requirements for ultra-high magnetic field strength (≥7 T) and high uniformity within Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) equipment, this paper presents the design and implementation of a fully automated five-axis micro-positioning platform with a positioning accuracy of 50 μm. The platform enables full-area magnetic field measurement inside MRI devices via high-precision automatic scanning, providing data assurance for the precise current loading of the homogeneous field system. A systematic design of the motion actuator, probe fine-tuning mechanism, and probe rod of the micro-motion platform is described, utilizing 3D modeling software.

Biological effects and mechanism of RAW246.7 cells exposed to U(VI).

In this study, biological effects and mechanisms of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) damage on immune cells RAW264.7 were investigated by biological experiments and transcriptome analysis. Cell viability, cell cycle, colony formation, and transcriptomes of RAW264.

Mechanism of static magnetic field influencing morphogenesis of Flavobacterium sp. m1-14.

The biological effects of static magnetic fields (SMF) have long been a research hotspot in academia. While the impact of magnetic fields on microbial morphogenesis is closely linked to microbial fermentation efficiency, the specific mechanism remains incompletely elucidated. In this study, the vitamin K-producing strain Flavobacterium sp.

Shufeng Jiedu Granule against mild COVID-19: Protocol of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center heal-COVID phase III study.

Objective: Since Omicron will likely persist, this trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of Shufeng Jiedu Granule (SFJDG) for mild Omicron infection, aims at finding new therapies especially for home-treated patients.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center phase III trial involves 844 patients, divided into a treatment group (422) and control group (422). Participants will receive SFJDG or placebo for 7 d (1.

Colorimetric ALP detection with a ligand-exchanged Au cluster.

An atomically precise Au nanocluster (dppm/dppp) synthesized ligand exchange exhibits oxidase-like activity. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) quenches O˙, enabling sensitive and specific colorimetric detection and demonstrating diagnostic potential.

Influence of cold plasma treatment on NaCl diffusion and consequent effects on the flavor of dry-cured grass carp fillets.

Enhancing sodium chloride (NaCl) diffusion during curing is important for better production and flavor of dry-cured fish. In this study, the influence of argon (Ar) cold plasma (CP) pretreatment on NaCl diffusion in grass carp fillets during curing was investigated. Results showed that CP pretreatment, particularly at 6 min, significantly boosted the NaCl diffusion, leading to a 0.

Investigation of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds in Esophageal Cancer Organoids by Mass Spectrometry.

Volatilomics, an emerging field in the study of noninvasive biomarkers, holds significant promise for identifying esophageal cancer (EC) through the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study investigates common characteristic VOCs of EC cells by analyzing VOCs from three-dimensional organoid and spheroid models as well as two-dimensional monolayer cultures. The VOC profiles were measured by using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) in an untargeted approach.

An Eco-Friendly SbSe-Based Superhydrophobic Photothermal Coating for Scalable Anti-icing and De-icing Applications.

The integration of superhydrophobicity and photothermal conversion offers transformative potential for addressing ice accretion challenges in outdoor infrastructure. However, current technologies are constrained by fluorinated chemical dependencies, complex manufacturing workflows, and limited substrate adaptability. Herein, we present a fluorochemical-free, eco-friendly, scalable coating system through a one-step spray deposition of antimony selenide (SbSe), stearic acid (STA), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

High-Density Atomically Dispersed Copper Sites with Close Distances on Ultrathin N-Doped Carbon Nanosheets as an Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalyst.

Atomically dispersed, non-noble-metal catalysts represent promising alternatives to costly platinum-group electrocatalysts, yet precise control over metal site proximity remains challenging. Herein, we report the synthesis of ultrathin (∼1.5 nm) N-doped carbon nanosheets decorated with densely packed single-atom copper sites (Cu SAs/N-CS), achieved via controlled pyrolysis of a Cu-1-1,2,4-triazole complex precursor.

Early Temporal Cortex Changes During Radiotherapy in Cortical Mean Diffusivity and Thickness Derived From MRI.

Background: Temporal lobe (TL) damage is a common complication of radiotherapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), yet early morphological changes during RT remain poorly characterized. Identifying these early changes could facilitate timely interventions to mitigate long-term cognitive impairments.

Purpose: To characterize early TL structural changes during RT using cortical thickness (CTh) and cortical mean diffusivity (cMD), and to explore potential dose-dependent relationships.

Influence of rutin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

During clinical and subclinical Escherichia coli mastitis, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) are stimulated by LPS, leading to cellular inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and autophagy. This study hypothesized that rutin might mitigate these damages in BMEC via modulation of specific signaling pathways. To simulate mammary gland inflammation, different concentrations of LPS were used to stimulate BMEC.

Development and performance verification of an isometric dynamometer for lower extremity.

Lower limb isometric strength is crucial for predicting diseases, monitoring rehabilitation, and assessing activity levels. Manual testing lacks quantitative evaluation, while handheld dynamometers (HHDs) require skilled raters and isokinetic dynamometers are expensive and complex. Existing devices often focus on single-joint measurements for specific populations.

Assisting and accelerating NMR assignment with restrained structure prediction.

Accurate dynamic protein structures are essential for drug design. NMR experiments can detect protein structures and potential dynamics, but the spectrum assignment and structure determination requires expertise and is time-consuming, while deep-learning-based structure predictions may be inconsistent with experimental observations. A symbiosis between experiments and AI methods is therefore essential for solving such problems.

Glucose transporter protein 1-targeted polymetallic coordination nanopolymer remodeled cisplatin-resistant microenvironment for enhanced chemotherapy of lung cancer.

Cisplatin (CDDP), a first-line chemotherapeutic agent, faces significant challenges in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to the rapid emergence of drug resistance. In this study, a glucose transporter protein 1-targeted nanodrug (RCPM) was developed by coordinating rutin with polymetallic ions, including Fe, V, and Pt. RCPM selectively targeted CDDP-resistant A549 (A549R) cells, efficiently accumulating within tumors.

An Integrated Microfluidic Platform for Label-Free Sorting and Functional Assessment of Neutrophils in Sepsis.

Neutrophil motility dysfunction, including impaired deformation and chemotaxis, contributes to reduced bacterial clearance and uncontrolled infections in sepsis. Dynamic, quantitative assessment of these parameters holds promise for early diagnosis and prognosis, yet no integrated, label-free platform currently enables neutrophil sorting and functional analysis. We developed a microfluidic cell sorting chip (CS chip) capable of isolating white blood cells (WBCs) from ≤50 μL of whole blood with >80% purity and >90% viability.

Encapsulation of SiO Nanofibers with Air Interlayer and SiC Shell for High Temperature Thermal Insulating Aerogels.

To endure extreme conditions, silica fiber aerogels are expected to maintain ultralow thermal conductivity at high temperatures. However, the weak infrared extinction capacity of SiO fiber aerogels fails to effectively suppress thermal radiation, resulting in high thermal conductivity at high temperatures. Here, SiO-air-SiC fibers with high extinction shells, air interlayer, and amorphous core are fabricated by low-pressure carbothermal reduction.