Sequence and parent-of-origin dependent mA contribute to allele-specific gene expression.

Multiple regulatory layers influence allele-specific expression (ASE), particularly through sequence-dependent and parent-of-origin-dependent mechanisms at the transcriptional level. However, little is known about ASE regulation at the post-transcriptional level. The most prevalent post-transcriptional mRNA modification, N-methyladenosine (mA), plays important roles in regulating gene expression.

A Nanomaterial-Independent Biosensor Based on Gallium Arsenide High-Electron-Mobility Transistors for Rapid and Ultra-Sensitive Pathogen Detection.

Biofield effect transistors (bio-FETs) have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation pathogen detection platforms owing to their exceptional sensitivity and rapid response. However, they generally require complex electrical modulation strategies (e.g.

Selection of non-destructively measured wheat traits sensitive to nitrogen application and closely related to wheat yields.

Rapid and non-destructive detection of crop growth traits can guide nitrogen (N) diagnosis and management. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on multiple non-destructively measured crop traits under different N inputs. The study aimed to investigate the responses of 36 non-destructively measured wheat traits to N application rates, and to assess which traits are sensitive to N application and closely related to wheat yields.

A versatile strategy for constructing background fluorescence-free and dual-mode hydrogel nanosensor for sensitive detection of amikacin.

The portable sensing platform based on fluorescent test strips has garnered considerable attention due to its advantages of portability, rapid response, and visual analysis. There still have challenges such as probe immobilization during the strip printing process, background fluorescence, and single-mode response. On this basis, a proof-of-concept background-free and dual-mode response hydrogel nanosensor is developed for colorimetric and luminescent detection of amikacin (AMK).

Fabrication strategies for lead-free bismuth-based perovskite solar cells: a review.

The certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic-inorganic lead (Pb) halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 27% recently, surpassing those of most of the commercialized photovoltaic technologies and emerging as a promising approach for efficient and cost-effective solar energy harvesting. However, the toxicity of Pb in high-performance PSCs remains a significant barrier to their commercialization. To address this issue, non-toxic alternatives such as bismuth (Bi) have been explored.

Enhancing the performance of corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry through the utilization of an isolating grid: A theoretical simulation and experimental investigation.

In corona discharge-ion mobility spectrometry (CD-IMS), the distorted electric field generated by the discharge needle will penetrate into the reaction region of the IMS tube, forming an inhomogeneous electric field in this region. Such inhomogeneous electric field is easy to make ions shift to the wall of the IMS tube during their traveling, which affects the trajectory and distribution of ions and reduces the detection performance of IMS. In order to address the influence of this inhomogeneous electric field on the performance of IMS, we propose a novel method that mounts an isolating grid (IG) downstream of the discharge needle for isolating the inhomogeneous electric field.

Deep learning model for malignancy prediction of TI-RADS 4 thyroid nodules with high-risk characteristics using multimodal ultrasound: A multicentre study.

The automatic screening of thyroid nodules using computer-aided diagnosis holds great promise in reducing missed and misdiagnosed cases in clinical practice. However, most current research focuses on single-modal images and does not fully leverage the comprehensive information from multimodal medical images, limiting model performance. To enhance screening accuracy, this study uses a deep learning framework that integrates high-dimensional convolutions of B-mode ultrasound (BMUS) and strain elastography (SE) images to predict the malignancy of TI-RADS 4 thyroid nodules with high-risk features.

Enhancement of vascular visualization in laser speckle contrast imaging based on image algorithms.

Significance: In practical biomedical applications, obtaining clear and focused speckle images through laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) presents significant challenges. These challenges are often compounded by motion artifacts and image noise, which can adversely affect the effectiveness of vascular visualization in LSCI.

Aim: We improved the visualization of blood flow in LSCI by focusing on three aspects: image registration, image denoising, and multi-focus image fusion.

Venetoclax synergizes with Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor C-82 in acute myeloid leukemia by increasing the degradation of Mcl-1 protein.

Background: Due to compensatory survival signalling and overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, the majority of AML patients developed acquired resistance of venetoclax (VEN) to combination therapy of VEN with low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) or hypomethylating agents (HMAs). Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is intently associated with leukemia development and chemotherapy resistance. However, there is currently no Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor approved for clinical use and it is not clear whether targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway enhances the anti-leukemic activity of VEN.

Electricity-driven enzymatic dynamic kinetic oxidation.

Electrochemistry is undergoing a resurgence in synthetic chemistry and has compelling advantages. Repurposing natural enzymes through synthetic chemical strategies holds promise for exploring new chemical space. Elegant strategies, including directed evolution, artificial enzymes and photoenzymatic catalysis, have demonstrated their capacities for expanding the applications of enzymes in both academia and industry.

Kinetics and Mechanistic Insights into the Ozonolysis of Limona Ketone.

Limona ketone, as a significant intermediate in the oxidation of limonene, plays a crucial role in environmental and human health impacts. In this article, we present a study on the reaction kinetics and mechanism of ozonolysis of limona ketone. The rate constant for the reaction between limona ketone and ozone was measured under standard conditions of 298 K and atmospheric pressure by the absolute rate method and was determined to be (1.

Supercooling Behavior of 2-Amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol for Thermal Energy Storage.

With the increasing demand for thermal management in electronic devices, highly efficient and controllable phase change materials have attracted significant attention. The compound 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD), as a solid-solid phase change material, exhibits remarkable supercooling behavior and a high latent heat storage (Δ = 247.9 J/g).

Toxicity Response and Swimming Speed Regularity in After Short-Term Exposure to Diuron.

The agricultural production process contributes to the global issue of pesticide pollution. Based on the static toxicity test of diuron (DCMU) on () for EC-48 h, a concentration range of 0.2 to 1 mg/L was set as sublethal concentrations, while lethal concentrations were set at 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L.

Realizing Abundant Two-Dimensional Altermagnets with Anisotropic Spin Current Via Spatial Inversion Symmetry Breaking.

Altermagnets exhibit nonrelativistic spin splitting with net-zero magnetic moments, making them advantageous for spintronic devices with miniaturized size and high integration. Developing general methods to design altermagnets, particularly in a low dimension, is highly desirable. Here, we propose that breaking the spatial inversion symmetry of crystals can produce altermagnetism in antiferromagnetic monolayers.

Rapid detection of multiple gas mixtures and evaluation of harmful gas removal efficiency in a deck decompression chamber using dynamic switching mass spectrometry.

The multiple gas mixtures in the deck decompression chamber (DDC) serve as a life-sustaining medium for divers to adapt to high-pressure environments and to safely decompress after saturation diving operations. However, due to the complexity of the gas composition and the wide concentration range, there is currently no technique that can rapidly detect all gases in the DDC. In this study, we developed a photoinduced chemical ionization (pCI) and electron impact (EI) dynamic switching mass spectrometry system.

Long-term trends of ozone in the Yangtze River Delta, China: Spatiotemporal impacts of meteorological factors, local, and non-local emissions.

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO, CO, and PM from 2016 to 2023. However, ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns. Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions, both within and outside the YRD, is essential for understanding city-cluster-scale ozone pollution (CCSOP).

Impacts of synoptic weather patterns on Hefei's ozone in warm season and analysis of transport pathways during extreme pollution events.

Extreme ozone pollution events (EOPEs) are associated with synoptic weather patterns (SWPs) and pose severe health and ecological risks. However, a systematic investigation of the meteorological causes, transport pathways, and source contributions to historical EOPEs is still lacking. In this paper, the K-means clustering method is applied to identify six dominant SWPs during the warm season in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region from 2016 to 2022.

Polypyrrole-decorated Vulcan XC-72R support enables a low platinum content PtRu catalyst toward alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction.

PtRu alloys are promising catalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in alkaline hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells (HEMFCs) for commercial application. However, there is a need to lower the loading of platinum while simultaneously increasing its activity. Herein, we successfully prepared a PtRu alloy catalyst featuring a precisely controlled Pt-to-Ru atomic ratio of 1:5, which is typically 1:1 or 1:3, supported on polypyrrole (Ppy) decorated Vulcan XC-72R (XC).

Mitigating Carrier and Energy Losses via Interface Modulator Toward High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells.

Interface engineering has become the main force in reforming the photogenerated carrier and energy losses in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a multifaceted hole-selective molecule C-DPT, is designed and synthesized with methoxy-triphenylamine-carbazole and diphenyl-triazine units, which is employed as the interface modulator between perovskite and hole transport layer. The introduction of C-DPT endows the perovskite/hole transport layer heterojunction with a more flat physical contact, lower trap density, and faster hole extraction.

Repurposing of clinical-stage FLT3 inhibitor HYML-122 as a potent RIPK2 inhibitor for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing proteins 1 and 2 (NOD 1/2) are important cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors that initiate host immune responses. Dysregulation of NOD signaling is highly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and necessitate efficient treatment options. As a key mediator of NOD signals, receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) was considered as a promising therapeutic target for IBD therapy.

NIR-II-Responsive Chainmail Nanocatalysts for Spatiotemporally Controlled Enzymatic Tumor Therapy.

The clinical translation of metal-based peroxidase-like nanozymes for antitumor therapy faces two critical challenges: off-target catalytic activation and suboptimal hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation efficiency. To address these limitations, an innovative chainmail nanocatalyst featuring nitrogen-doped carbon-encapsulated nanoceria is developed, which combines spatial confinement effects with photo-trigger catalytic enhancement. The graphitic carbon shell serves as a physical barrier that effectively isolates metallic cerium from the biological environment, reducing nonspecific catalytic activation by 100% compared to bare nanoceria.

An advanced beam energy control strategy for medical cyclotron via ADRC with model-based feedforward controller.

Medical cyclotron is the critical component for radiation therapy, which provides state-of-the-art treatment platform for cancer therapy. The energy stability of the beam is one of the most critical problem during the startup procedure or the long-term operation. Traditional beam energy control adopts open-loop regulation or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control which does not depend on mathematical model.

A 3D deep learning model based on MRI for predicting lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer.

Background: The assessment of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is crucial in the management of rectal cancer; However, accurately evaluating LVI preoperatively using imaging remains challenging. Recent advances in radiomics have created opportunities for developing more accurate diagnostic tools.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning model for predicting LVI in rectal cancer patients using preoperative MR imaging.

Discovery of IHMT-15130 as a Highly Potent Irreversible BMX Inhibitor for the Treatment of Myocardial Hypertrophy and Remodeling.

Cardiac hypertrophy is usually accompanied by many forms of heart disease, including hypertension, vascular disease, ischemic disease, and heart failure, and thus effectively predicts the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Bone marrow kinase in chromosome X (BMX) has been reported to be the major signaling transduction protein in cardiac arterial endothelial cells and is thought to be involved in the pathology of cardiac hypertrophy. We report here the discovery of a potent irreversible BMX kinase inhibitor, IHMT-15130, which covalently targets cysteine 496 of BMX and exhibits potent inhibitory activity against BMX kinase (IC: 1.