Development of a low-cost and high-throughput LC-MS method for newborn screening of thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin disorders.

Background: Screening and pre-symptomatic diagnosis in newborns allows early treatment of thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) disorders in childhood. However, there remains a lack of efficient methods to screen for hemoglobinopathies in newborns. This study aimed to establish a bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS)-based method for efficient screening of hemoglobinopathies in newborns using dried blood spot (DBS) samples.

Presepsin as a diagnostic biomarker for sepsis across neonates, children, and adults: A meta-analysis.

Sepsis remains a leading global health challenge, with delayed recognition and limited diagnostic accuracy of current tools contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Conventional clinical scores (SOFA/qSOFA), standard biomarkers (CRP, PCT), and blood cultures suffer from delayed responsiveness, insufficient specificity, or slow turnaround, underscoring the urgent need for more reliable early diagnostic strategies. Presepsin, a soluble CD14 subtype generated during pathogen recognition by innate immune cells, has emerged as a promising biomarker with potential to reflect infection status earlier and more specifically than traditional markers.

Chimeric Element-Regulated MRI Reporter System for Mediation of Glioma Theranostics.

Glioblastoma remains a therapeutic challenge with a poor prognosis despite multimodal treatments. Reporter-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a promising approach for tumor visualization, but its efficacy depends on sufficient reporter gene expression. This study aimed to develop a chimeric element-regulated ferritin heavy chain 1 () reporter system to enhance MRI-based glioma detection while enabling targeted therapy via transferrin receptor (TfR)-mediated drug delivery.

Online Tool for Predicting Severe Cases of Childhood Community-Acquired Pneumonia Based on the PIRO Concept.

Background: Pneumonia remains a leading cause of mortality among children under 5 years of age. This study aimed to compare existing prognostic scoring systems and identify the most effective tool for assessing outcomes in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: The Predisposition, Insult, Response, and Organ Dysfunction score for CAP (PIRO-CAP) was modified to create the Ch-online PIRO score based on a comprehensive cohort study.

UTMD Enhances Targeting of Diclofenac and Doxil® to Boost Tumor Immunotherapy.

Objective: The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) limits antitumor therapy efficacy. Improving TIME enhances immune responses and improves drug effectiveness. The study designed nanobubble-encapsulated diclofenac (DNBs) and used ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), referred to as DNBs-UTMD, to improve TIME and enhancing the efficacy of Doxil®.

Genetically engineered bacteria-based nanocomposite synergistic HIFU for tumor therapy by changing the acoustic environment of tumor tissues.

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a novel non-invasive technique with tremendous potential applications. However, ensuring effectiveness and safety of HIFU therapy remains a substantial challenge. Changing the acoustic environment of tumor tissues is an emerging way to solve this problem.

Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages regulate airway inflammation by modulating epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway remodeling and immune dysregulation. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms by which M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2Φ-Exos) regulate airway inflammation in asthma by modulating epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Methods: M2Φ-Exos were extracted and characterized by morphology, size, and marker protein expression.

Breaking the Chains of Therapeutic Blockade: Pyroptosis-Induced Photothermal-Chemotherapy with Targeted Nanoprobes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

There is an important clinical need and social significance, especially for young patients, to explore a new breast-conserving strategy that is not dependent on biomarkers for anti-triple-negative breast cancer. Disulfiram, historically employed for the treatment of chronic alcoholism, has recently emerged as a promising antitumor agent in combination with Cu. However, reported disulfiram-Cu codelivery regimens often suffer from instability as well as inadequate drug metabolism, which is detrimental to the production and action of the antitumor active ingredient copper(II) bis(diethyldithiocarbamate).

Scanner-generated native T1 mapping: a novel approach for assessing myocardial fibrosis in coronary heart disease.

Background: To investigate the feasibility of using native longitudinal relaxation time (T1) mapping values, derived from the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS), for assessing diffuse myocardial fibrosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Materials And Methods: Patients with CHD group were retrospectively enrolled as the experimental group, while age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included as the control group. Based on the results of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequence from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, the CHD group was further stratified into two subgroups: the LGE positive group (LGE+) and the LGE negative group (LGE-).

A Comparative Analysis of the Efficacy of Two Different Discovered Methods in Managing Pediatric Congenital Cholesteatoma.

Objective: Routine health check-ups and medical consultations are essential methods for the early identification of congenital cholesteatoma (CC). This study aims to examine the differences in disease staging, surgical approaches, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs between cases of CC detected during routine health check-ups and those identified through medical consultations.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 28 pediatric patients diagnosed with CC at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2018 and March 2024.

Analysis of clinical phenotypes and genotypes of congenital deafness caused by rare variants in .

Objective: This study aims to analyze a genetic family with the gene c.551G>A (p.R184Q) variant, exploring the relationship between its genotype and clinical phenotype, and summarizing the inheritance pattern and clinical features associated with this locus.

Metabolite biomarkers of screening neonatal congenital hypothyroidism based on dried blood spot metabolomics.

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) can be detected early during thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) screening based on dried blood spot (DBS) samples. However, it falls short in differentiating between neonates with elevated TSH levels and those with CH, which leads to many neonates undergoing secondary diagnosis through venous blood sampling. Metabolomics was used to analyze metabolic alterations in neonates with CH, and identify DBS-based metabolite biomarkers for CH screening to reduce secondary diagnosis.

The value of CT-based radiomics for differentiation of pleural effusions in bacterial pneumonia and pneumonia in children.

Background: Bacterial pathogens and are the two main pathogens that cause community-acquired pneumonia complicated with pleural effusion (PE) in children, it is important to accurately differentiate between these two types of effusions. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and value of a radiomics approach based on non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT) scans in the differentiation of bacterial pneumonia PE (BPPE) and parapneumonic effusion (MPPE) in children.

Methods: The clinical and CT imaging data of hospitalized children with PE detected by chest CT scans from December 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected.

Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy via Photo-Triggered Calcium Overload and Oxygen Delivery in Tumor Hypoxia Management.

: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising treatment for cancer, primarily due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that directly induce tumor cell death. However, the hypoxic microenvironment commonly found within tumors poses a significant challenge by inhibiting ROS production. This study aims to investigate the effect of improving tumor hypoxia on enhancing PDT.

Enhanced Osteoporosis Treatment via Nano Drug Coating Encapsulating GG.

Osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disorder, particularly associated with aging and postmenopausal women. With the growing knowledge about the gut-bone axis, the therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis have been shifted toward regulating gut microbiota to promote positive bone metabolism. Although GG (LGG) is widely reported to positively regulate bone metabolism by restoring the dysbiotic microbiome, oral administration is associated with sensitivity to gastric fluid and low bioavailability.

The diagnostic accuracy of exosomes for glioma: A meta-analysis.

Glioma is one of the most prevalent primary intracranial tumors, and biomarker testing offers a non-invasive modality with high diagnostic efficiency. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of exosomes as biomarkers for glioma. We included 16 studies on exosomes as biomarkers for gliomas.

Baseline serum glutamate: Implications for diagnosis and prediction in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

Purpose: Numerous studies have highlighted a close link between metabolic imbalances and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The advancement of metabolomics has recently enabled the exploration of characteristic metabolic changes associated with AD. Studies indicate that serum glutamate (Glu) levels may correlate with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD.

WITHDRAWN: ATRA regulates myoblast differentiation and fusion through the RARα/Pitx2 signaling pathway, causing abnormal development of PFMs in ARM fetal rats.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

Evaluation of subperiosteal hemicortical resection and bone grafting to treat tibial osteofibrous dysplasia in children.

Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is a rare disease that may lead to tibial lesions. Currently, no gold standard method exists for the treatment of OFD. Recurrence is the most severe complication in OFD.

Distinguishing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from Hodgkin's lymphoma in children using an enhanced computed tomography radiomics approach.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) are two completely different pathologic subtypes of lymphoma with distinctly different clinical presentations and treatment options. Thus, accurately differentiating between the two subtypes has important clinical implications. This study aimed to construct a radiomics model capable of distinguishing between DLBCL and HL based on enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the non-invasive diagnosis of lymphoma subtypes.