[Ineffective triggering and double triggering in patients with acute brain injury undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation].

Objective: To investigate the frequency and related factors of ineffective triggering (IT) and double triggering (DT) in patients with acute brain injury undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a single-center observational trial. Patients with acute brain injury [traumatic brain injury, stroke, and post-craniotomy for brain tumors] undergoing mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University between June 2017 and July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Decline in the Relative Abundance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Long-Term Fertilized Soil and Its Driving Factors.

The changes in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in long-term fertilized soil remain controversial. We aimed to analyze the variation characteristics of ARGs in long-term fertilized soil using metagenomic sequencing. The relative abundance of ARGs did not increase significantly after 7 years of fertilization.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Biotech Drug Discovery and Product Development.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing biotechnology by transforming the landscape of therapeutic development. Traditional drug discovery faces persistent challenges, including high attrition rates, billion-dollar costs, and timelines exceeding a decade. Recent advances in AI-particularly generative models such as generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, and diffusion models-have introduced data-driven, iterative workflows that dramatically accelerate and enhance pharmaceutical R&D.

Identification of high-risk hepatoblastoma in the CHIC risk stratification system based on enhanced CT radiomics features.

Background: Survival of patients with high-risk hepatoblastoma remains low, and early identification of high-risk hepatoblastoma is critical.

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) radiomics in predicting high-risk hepatoblastoma.

Methods: Clinical and CECT imaging data were retrospectively collected from 162 children who were treated at our hospital and pathologically diagnosed with hepatoblastoma.

Human herpesvirus 6B glycoprotein B postfusion structure, vulnerability mapping, and receptor recognition.

Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B), a β-herpesvirus that significantly threatens immunocompromised individuals, currently lacks targeted antiviral therapies or vaccines. Glycoprotein B (gB), the primary mediator of membrane fusion during viral entry, is a key target for neutralizing antibody (nAb) and vaccine development. In this study, we determined a 2.

Correlation between TG/HDL-C ratio and obstructive sleep apnea in the adult US population: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with dyslipidemia, neurocognitive impairment, and cardiovascular morbidity. This study investigates the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) as a composite biomarker for OSA prevalence, with implications for mitigating OSA-associated complications through metabolic modulation.

Methods: A nationally representative cohort of 3,270 adults (NHANES 2015-2018) was analyzed using weighted multivariate logistic regression.

Early Retinal Microcirculation Loss in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas Before Visual Field Defect by Wide-Field Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background And Objectives: So far, little is known about early macular microcirculation changes in nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA), particularly in patients before visual field defects (VFD) occur. The aim of our study was to evaluate the early retinal microcirculation alteration in NFPA before VFD by wide-field swept source optical coherence tomography (WF SS-OCTA).

Methods: A total of 64 NFPA patients without VFD and 64 healthy controls were included.

Co-Exposure of airborne microplastics and chromium: Impairment of pulmonary surfactant monolayer.

Airborne microplastics (AMPs) and their interactions with heavy metals have attracted global concern, however, little is known about their combined effects in the lung environment. In this study, the adverse effects of polypropylene (PP, as representative AMPs)-chromium (Cr) co-exposure on natural pulmonary surfactant (PS) monolayer function was investigated. It was found that upon contact with PS, the desorption of Cr carried by inhaled PP-Cr increased and partially was (∼60 %) reduced to Cr(III).

Neutrophil extracellular traps-related genes contribute to sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and oxidative stress (OS) may be involved in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI). The aim of this study was to identify potential regulators which modulate NETs and OS in SA-AKI, and to find potential therapeutic agents.

Methods And Materials: SA-AKI-related datasets GSE255281 and GSE225192 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus.

Asymmetric phenothiazine derivatives modified with diphenylamine and carbazole: Photophysical properties and hypochlorite sensing.

This study reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of four asymmetric donor-acceptor (D-A) fluorescent molecules-1CAR, 1DIP, 1OOCAR, and 1OODIP-featuring phenothiazine (PTZ), diphenylamine (DIP), and carbazole (CAR) as electron donors. By oxidizing the sulfur atom in PTZ and modifying the molecular structure at the 3-position, we systematically investigated the influence of structural variations on photophysical properties. These compounds exhibit distinct solvatochromic behavior, aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE), and mechanofluorochromism (MFC).

Device closure versus surgical repair for doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defect.

Objectives: Device closure for doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defect has been applied in the past decade. However, studies on this issue are largely small-sample, single-arm studies, with inconsistent outcomes. This study aimed to demonstrate that device closure and surgical repair could achieve similar midterm results for patients with doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defect.

PM2.5 increases the risk of early-onset COPD mediated by smoking and shared genes: a large-scale genetic analysis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. However, whether air pollutants can cause COPD remains unknown. Summary data for the genome-wide association study of each phenotype were obtained from the publicly available datasets.

Insect medicines for colorectal cancer: A review of mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and future prospects.

Colorectal cancer is recognized as the third most prevalent malignant tumor globally. The recommended treatment modalities, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, are frequently associated with severe side effects and high recurrence rates. Cancer experts are actively engaged in a global pursuit of safer and more efficacious treatment strategies for colorectal cancer (CRC).

The value of CT-based radiomics for differentiation of pleural effusions in bacterial pneumonia and pneumonia in children.

Background: Bacterial pathogens and are the two main pathogens that cause community-acquired pneumonia complicated with pleural effusion (PE) in children, it is important to accurately differentiate between these two types of effusions. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and value of a radiomics approach based on non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT) scans in the differentiation of bacterial pneumonia PE (BPPE) and parapneumonic effusion (MPPE) in children.

Methods: The clinical and CT imaging data of hospitalized children with PE detected by chest CT scans from December 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected.

Aggregation behavior of photoaging nanoplastics in artificial sweat solutions.

The aging process and aggregation behavior of nanoplastics govern their fate and ecological risk in aquatic environments. Unfortunately, the aggregation behavior of nanoplastics in sweat and the effect of aging on this process remains unknown. This study investigated the aggregation kinetics of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in three types of artificial sweat before and after photoaging.

Predictive value of cough peak flow for successful extubation in mechanically ventilated patients after craniotomy: a single-centre prospective diagnostic study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the cough peak flow (CPF) for successful extubation in postcraniotomy critically ill patients.

Design: This was a single-centre prospective diagnostic study.

Setting: The study was conducted in three intensive care units (ICUs) of a teaching hospital.

Cerebral schistosomiasis in a 3-year-old girl due to : a case report.

Introduction: Cerebral schistosomiasis is a rare but severe manifestation of infection, often leading to significant neurological impairment. This case report details the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment of a 3-year-old girl with cerebral schistosomiasis in Sichuan, China.

Case Description: A 3-year-old girl from a rural area in Sichuan, China, presented with a 3-month history of unstable walking, left facial paralysis, drowsiness, and intermittent fever.

LncRNA SNHG14 Facilitates Cisplatin Resistance Through Upregulating Notch2 via Binding to U2AF2 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background: Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, and the resistance of tumor cells to cisplatin is main obstacle for NPC treatment. This study explored effect and possible mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) on drug resistance of NPC cells to cisplatin.

Methods: Levels of SNHG14 and Notch2 in NPC tissues and cells were confirmed using RT-qPCR.

A cluster randomized trial on inspiratory effort-targeted pressure support adjustment strategy in patients undergoing assisted mechanical ventilation: protocol for the IT-PSV study.

Background: Pressure support ventilation (PSV) is one of the most frequently used ventilator modes in the intensive care unit (ICU). The successful implementation of PSV depends on matching the patient's inspiratory effort with the ventilator support. In clinical practice, the pressure support level is usually set and adjusted according to tidal volume and respiratory rate.

Reverse triggering in patients with acute brain injury undergoing controlled ventilation.

Background: Reverse triggering (RT) is a ventilatory asynchrony characterized by the activation of respiratory muscles in response to passive mechanical insufflation. Although RT can potentially exacerbate lung injury, its characteristics in patients with acute brain injury remain under-explored. This study aims to elucidate the incidence and factors associated with RT in this patient population.

Research landmarks on the 60th anniversary of Epstein-Barr virus.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the first human oncovirus discovered in 1964, has become a focal point in virology, immunology, and oncology because of its unique biological characteristics and significant role in human diseases. As we commemorate the 60th anniversary of EBV's discovery, it is an opportune moment to reflect on the major advancements in our understanding of this complex virus. In this review, we highlight key milestones in EBV research, including its virion structure and life cycle, interactions with the host immune system, association with EBV-associated diseases, and targeted intervention strategies.

A bibliometric analysis of respiratory mechanics research related to acute respiratory distress syndrome from 1985 to 2023.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe condition characterized by lung stiffness and compromised gas exchange, often requiring mechanical ventilation for treatment. In addition to its clinical significance, understanding the publication trends and research patterns in respiratory mechanics related to ARDS can provide insights into the evolution of this field from a bibliometric perspective, aiding in strategic planning and resource allocation for future research endeavors.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the trends and identify the hotspots in respiratory mechanics research related to ARDS.

DeSUMOylation of RBMX regulates exosomal sorting of cargo to promote renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease.

Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the primary cause of chronic renal failure in China, and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis plays a central role in DKD progression. Urinary exosomes, which reflect kidney changes, are largely influenced by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in their miRNA content.

Objectives: Our research aimed to determine the effect of the RNA-binding protein RBMX on exosomal miRNA in DKD.

Interaction of diesel exhaust particulate matter with mucins in simulated saliva fluids: Bioaccessibility of heavy metals and potential health risks.

Air pollution is one of the major environmental risks threatening human health, diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEPM) is an important source of urban air pollution, and oral ingestion is the primary route of exposure to atmospheric particulate matter. This study examined the bioaccessibility of Cr, Fe, and Zn in DEPM within simulated saliva fluids through in vitro experiments, interactions between the particles and mucins, and the mechanisms underlying the oxidative damage they cause. The results indicated that the interaction between DEPM and mucins altered the dispersibility, surface charge, and wettability of the particles, leading to increased release of heavy metals.