A dietary combination of red yeast rice, phytosterol ester and lycopene ameliorates hypercholesterolemia by regulating gut microbiota and activating hepatic FXR-LDLR/ABCG pathway in mice.

Background: Excessive nutrition intake is a well-established contributor to obesity and hypercholesterolemia, both of which pose substantial risks to cardiovascular health. Statins, which are widely prescribed for managing serum cholesterol levels, are sometimes discontinued owing to adverse reactions. In contrast, dietary components have shown promise in lowing lipid lowering potential with a relatively higher safety profile, although the underlying mechanisms remains incompletely understood.

Comprehensive analysis of cholesterol metabolism-related genes in prostate cancer: integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.

Background: Cholesterol metabolism plays a significant role in cancer progression, including prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to construct and validate a cholesterol metabolism gene (CMG)-related prognostic signature to predict prognosis in PRAD patients, while exploring its biological, clinical, and therapeutic implications.

Methods: CMGs were retrieved through comprehensive searches in public databases.

Overlooked sources of inspiration in biomimetic research.

Biomimetics draws inspiration from biological organisms, yet only a small fraction of Earth's biodiversity has been explored for innovation. This study examines the biological models used in biomimetic research. Using GPT-4o, we analyzed 74,359 publications and identified 31,776 biological models, revealing distinct taxonomic distribution patterns.

Interpretable multiparametric MRI radiomics-based machine learning model for preoperative differentiation between benign and malignant prostate masses: a diagnostic, multicenter study.

Objective: The study aimed to develop and externally validate multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) radiomics-based interpretable machine learning (ML) model for preoperative differentiating between benign and malignant prostate masses.

Methods: Patients who underwent mpMRI with suspected malignant prostate masses were retrospectively recruited from two independent hospitals between May 2016 and May 2023. The prostate mass regions in T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI images were segmented by ITK-SNAP.

Multi-omics identify ribosome related causal genes methylation, splicing, and expression in prostate cancer.

Background: Understanding the molecular underpinnings of prostate cancer remains a critical challenge in oncology. Ribosomes, essential cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, have emerged as potential regulators in cancer development. Previous studies suggest that dysfunction in ribosomal processes may contribute significantly to prostate cancer progression.

Retrospective analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of giant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

To compare the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery and traditional laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of giant pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL). A retrospective analysis was conducted using the data of patients who underwent surgery at our institution between January 2013 and November 2023 and whose postoperative pathological examination confirmed PPGL (n = 84). Patients were divided into the robot-assisted (n = 33) and laparoscopic (n = 51) groups.

Mechanosensory Piezo2 regulated by gut microbiota participates in the development of visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal dysmotility.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the manifestation of intestinal dysfunction associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The mechanosensory Piezo2 has been implicated in the regulation of intestinal function. However, it remains unclear whether Piezo2 is modulated by the gut microbiota, thus contributing to the development of visceral hypersensitivity and gut dysmotility.

Frontiers and hotspots of 3D technology in prostatectomy from 1999 to 2024: a bibliometric analysis and visualization.

Background: Prostate cancer is a major global health issue. Radical prostatectomy is an effective treatment for prostate cancer. The integration of three-dimensional (3D) technology in prostatectomy offers numerous benefits.

Preconception maternal gut dysbiosis affects enteric nervous system development and disease susceptibility in offspring via the GPR41-GDNF/RET/SOX10 signaling pathway.

Maternal health, specifically changes in the gut microbiota, can profoundly impact offspring health; however, our understanding of how gut microbiota alterations during the preconception period influence the offspring remains limited. In this study, we investigated the impact and mechanisms of preconception maternal gut dysbiosis on the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in mice. We found that preconception maternal exposure to antibiotics led to the abnormal development of the ENS in offspring, increasing their susceptibility to water avoidance stress at the adult stage.

A novel bone metastasis-related gene signature for predicting prognosis, anti-androgen resistance, and drug choice in prostate cancer.

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) often metastasizes to the bone, posing a significant clinical challenge. This study aims to develop a bone metastasis-related risk model for PCa.

Methods: Bone metastasis-related genes (BMRGs) were identified through a combination of differential gene expression analysis and WGCNA using GSE32269 and GSE77930 datasets.

Healthy dietary patterns, biological aging, and kidney stones: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018.

Background: This study aims to investigate the comprehensive association between healthy dietary patterns, biological aging, and kidney stones in a large population-based cohort.

Methods: We analyzed data from 6 cycles of NHANES surveys from 2007 to 2018 and included a total of 26,755 participants. The association was examined using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and a mediation model.

Effects of Climate and Land Use on Different Facets of Mammal Diversity in Giant Panda Range.

Understanding the patterns and drivers of different facets of biodiversity is crucial for biodiversity conservation under global environmental change. In this study, we present the first assessment of the patterns of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity for 171 mammals in the giant panda range and their associations with climate, land use factors and topographic heterogeneity. We found that functional diversity showed a very different pattern with species richness and phylogenetic diversity.

Biomimetic tools: insights and implications of a comprehensive analysis and classification.

Biomimetics as the transdisciplinary field leveraging biologically inspired solutions for technical and practical challenges has gained traction in recent decades. Despite its potential for innovation, the complexity of its process requires a deeper understanding of underlying tasks, leading to the development of various tools to aid this process. This study identified an inventory of 104 tools used in biomimetics, of which 24 have been classified as fully accessible, functional, and ready-to-use biomimetic tools.

Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of local extinction and colonization of giant pandas over the past 30 years.

Understanding the patterns and drivers of species range shifts is essential to disentangle mechanisms driving species' responses to global change. Here, we quantified local extinction and colonization dynamics of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) using occurrence data collected by harnessing the labor of >1000 workers and >60,000 worker days for each of the three periods (TP1: 1985-1988, TP2: 1998-2002, and TP3: 2011-2014), and evaluated how these patterns were associated with (1) protected area, (2) local rarity/abundance, and (3) abiotic factors (i.e.

Revealing the Mechanism of Baroni in Depression Treatment Through Integrated Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomic Analysis.

: Baroni (HCB) is a traditional herb for the treatment of depression in China. However, the active constituents and the underlying mechanisms of its antidepressant effects remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the bioactive constituents of HCB and elucidate its underlying mechanism for the treatment of depression.

Cerebral schistosomiasis in a 3-year-old girl due to : a case report.

Introduction: Cerebral schistosomiasis is a rare but severe manifestation of infection, often leading to significant neurological impairment. This case report details the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment of a 3-year-old girl with cerebral schistosomiasis in Sichuan, China.

Case Description: A 3-year-old girl from a rural area in Sichuan, China, presented with a 3-month history of unstable walking, left facial paralysis, drowsiness, and intermittent fever.

Captivity increased the abundance of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes in the giant panda gut microbiome.

Captivity is a key strategy for protecting endangered species, but research has primarily focused on artificial breeding and reintroduction to bolster wild populations, often overlooking the environmental and health risks associated with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the microbiome and ARG profiles in the gut of wild giant pandas across five representative populations, as well as one captive population, utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing and High-Throughput Quantitative PCR. Our findings revealed that both geographic location and captivity significantly influenced the gut microbial community and ARG composition in the gut of giant pandas.

Stress triggers gut dysbiosis via CRH-CRHR1-mitochondria pathway.

Stress can lead to gut dysbiosis in brain-gut axis disordered diseases as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), yet the mechanisms how stress transfer from the brain to the gut and disrupt gut microbiota remain elusive. Here we describe a stress-responsive brain-to-gut axis which impairs colonocytes' mitochondria to trigger gut dysbiosis. Patients with IBS exhibit significantly increased facultative anaerobes and decreased obligate anaerobes, related to increased serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) level and defected colonocytes' mitochondria ultrastructure.

FBXO45 Knockdown Restrains the Progression of Bladder Cancer via the ERK/Cyclin D1/CDK4 Pathway.

Backgrounds: F-box protein 45 () has been implicated in the progression of several diseases. Whether is involved in the development of bladder cancer remains unclear. Thus, this study focused on the effect of on the malignant progression of bladder cancer cells.

Enhancing the Viability of a Small Giant Panda Population Through Individual Introduction From a Larger Conspecific Group: A Scientific Simulation Study.

Currently, nearly 70% of giant panda populations are facing survival challenges. The introduction of wild individuals can bring vitality to them. To explore this possibility, we hypothetically introduced giant pandas from Tangjiahe and Wanglang into Liziping and Daxiangling Nature Reserves.

Facilitating giant panda crossings of national highway in Wolong area of Giant Panda National Park amid human activities.

As human activities continue to expand, wildlife persistence faces escalating threats from roads. In Wolong area of Giant Panda National Park, the local giant pandas () are divided into two population groups along the National Highway G350 (NHG). Therefore, selecting suitable areas to help those giant pandas communicate across the NHG is necessary.

Characterizing the metabolome and microbiome at giant panda scent marking sites during the mating season.

Scent marking sites served as a primary means of chemical communication for giant pandas, enabling intraspecific communication. We integrated metabolomics and high-throughput sequencing techniques to examine the non-targeted metabolome and microbial community structure of scent marking sites and feces in the field. Integrative analysis revealed a more comprehensive array of chemical compounds compared to previous investigations, including ketones, acids, heterocycles, alcohols, and aldehydes.

Effects of climate warming on soil nitrogen cycles and bamboo growth in core giant panda habitat.

Climate change can pose a significant threat to terrestrial ecosystems by disrupting the circulation of soil nitrogen. However, experimental analyses on the effect of climate change on soil nitrogen cycles and the implications for the conservation of key wildlife species (i.e.

Up-regulated PLA2G10 in cancer impairs T cell infiltration to dampen immunity.

T cells are often absent from human cancer tissues during both spontaneously induced immunity and therapeutic immunotherapy, even in the presence of a functional T cell-recruiting chemokine system, suggesting the existence of T cell exclusion mechanisms that impair infiltration. Using a genome-wide in vitro screening platform, we identified a role for phospholipase A2 group 10 (PLA2G10) protein in T cell exclusion. PLA2G10 up-regulation is widespread in human cancers and is associated with poor T cell infiltration in tumor tissues.