Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirooxindole Derivatives through Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Michael Addition/Cyclization Cascade.

A Mg(OTf)-catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition/cyclization cascade reaction between 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles and 2-arylidene-1,3-indanediones has been developed. This transformation provides an efficient and concise approach to biologically important bispiro[indanedione-oxindole-pyrrolidinyl]s under mild conditions in good to excellent yields (70-99% yields) with moderate to good stereoselectivities (up to 99% and >95:5 d.r.

Self-powered green energy-harvesting and sensing interfaces based on hygroscopic gel and water-locking effects.

The rapid proliferation of flexible electronics necessitates the development of self-powered energy harvesting systems with continuous power output and sensing signal monitoring. In this study, inspired by transient voltage output (0.2 volts, <1 hour) through dipping water droplets on metal oxide substrates, a self-sustained energy harvesting and sensing interface (SEHSI, 0.

Leaf-based energy harvesting and storage utilizing hygroscopic iron hydrogel for continuous power generation.

In the era of big data, developing next-generation self-powered continuous energy harvesting systems is of great importance. Taking advantage of fallen leaves' specific structural advantage gifted by nature, we propose a facile approach to convert fallen leaves into energy harvesters from ubiquitous moisture, based on surface treatments and asymmetric coating of hygroscopic iron hydrogels. Upon moisture absorption, a water gradient is established between areas with/without hydrogel coating, and maintained due to gel-like behaviors and leaf veins for water retention and diffusion restriction, thus forming electrical double layers over the leaf surface and showing capacitance-like behavior for energy charging and discharging.

Asymmetric phenothiazine derivatives modified with diphenylamine and carbazole: Photophysical properties and hypochlorite sensing.

This study reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of four asymmetric donor-acceptor (D-A) fluorescent molecules-1CAR, 1DIP, 1OOCAR, and 1OODIP-featuring phenothiazine (PTZ), diphenylamine (DIP), and carbazole (CAR) as electron donors. By oxidizing the sulfur atom in PTZ and modifying the molecular structure at the 3-position, we systematically investigated the influence of structural variations on photophysical properties. These compounds exhibit distinct solvatochromic behavior, aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE), and mechanofluorochromism (MFC).

Stable isotope tracing reveals glucose metabolism characteristics of drug-resistant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Adult B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) is a malignant hematologic tumor characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of B-cell lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. Despite advances in treatment, including chemotherapy and consolidation therapy, many B-ALL patients experience unfavorable prognoses due to the development of drug resistance. The precise mechanisms governing chemotherapy resistance, particularly those related to metabolic reprogramming within tumors, remain inadequately elucidated.

Enhancer Extrachromosomal Circular DNA ANKRD28 Elicits Drug Resistance via POU2F2-Mediated Transcriptional Network in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease primarily due to the emergence of drug resistance, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) are prevalent in cancer genomes of both coding and non-coding regions. However, the role of non-coding eccDNA regions that serve as enhancers has been largely overlooked.

Deformable image registration with strategic integration pyramid framework for brain MRI.

Medical image registration plays a crucial role in medical imaging, with a wide range of clinical applications. In this context, brain MRI registration is commonly used in clinical practice for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. In recent years, deep learning-based deformable registration methods have achieved remarkable results.

Effect of ultra-high pressure combined with heat-assisted treatment on the characterization, moisture absorption, and antioxidant activity properties of walnut peptide.

In this study, ultra-high pressure (UHP) and heat-assisted technology (HT) were used to process walnut peptides (WP) and investigate their combined effects (UHP-HT) on the characterization, moisture absorption, and antioxidant activity of WP. The results indicated that UHP (300 Mpa, 10 min) combined with HT treatment (55 °C, 30 min) significantly increased the surface hydrophobicity and disulfide bonds of WP. UHP-HT-treated WP exhibited lower moisture absorption and more stable water molecule migration.

High CD38 expression defines a mitochondrial function-adapted CD8 T cell subset with implications for lung cancer immunotherapy.

Despite identifying specific CD8 T cell subsets associated with immunotherapy resistance, the molecular pathways driving this process remain elusive. Given the potential role of CD38 in regulating CD8 T cell function, we aimed to investigate the accumulation of CD38CD8 T cells in lung cancer and explore its role in immunotherapy resistance. Phenotypic analysis of tumoral CD8 T cells from both lung cancer patients and immunotherapy-resistant preclinical models revealed that CD38-expressing CD8 T cells consist of CD38 and CD38 subsets.

Anthropogenic pressure induced discontinuities of microbial communities along the river.

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in driving biogeochemical functions within rivers. Theoretically, the directional flowing nature of river contributes to the continuous downstream change pattern of microbial communities. This continuity is anticipated to be influenced by human activities as anthropogenic materials lead to the mixing of environmental substances and their resident microorganisms with local communities.

Comparative analysis of niche adaptation strategies of AOA, AOB, and comammox along a gate-controlled river-estuary continuum.

Ammonia oxidizers are key players in the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. However, in critical ecological zones such as estuaries, especially those affected by widespread anthropogenic dam control, our understanding of their occurrence, ecological performance, and survival strategies remains elusive. Here, we sampled sediments along the Haihe River-Estuary continuum in China, controlled by the Haihe Tidal Gate, and employed a combination of biochemical and metagenomic approaches to investigate the abundance, activity, and composition of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox).

A Bio-Inspired Magnetic Soft Robotic Fish for Efficient Solar-Energy Driven Water Purification.

Solar-driven water evaporation is a promising solution for global water scarcity but is still facing challenges due to its substantial energy requirements. Here, a magnetic soft robotic bionic fish is developed by combining magnetic nanoparticles (FeO), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), and carboxymethyl chitosan. This bionic fish can release liquid water through hydrophilic/hydrophobic phase transition and dramatically reduce energy consumption.

Simultaneous Salt Rejection and Heat Localization Via Engineering Macrochannels in Morning Glory-Shaped 3D Evaporator.

Solar desalination is a promising solution for alleviating water scarcity due to its low-cost, environmentally friendly, and off-grid capabilities. However, simultaneous salt rejection and heat localization remain challenging, as the rapid salt convection often results in considerable heat loss. Herein, this challenge is overcome via a facile design: i) isolating high-temperature and high-salt zones by rationally designing morning glory-shaped wick structures and ii) bridging high-salt zones and bulk water with low-tortuosity macrochannels across low-temperature surfaces.

Microplastic detection and remediation through efficient interfacial solar evaporation for immaculate water production.

Freshwater scarcity and microplastics (MPs) pollution are two concerning and intertwined global challenges. In this work, we propose a "one stone kills two birds" strategy by employing an interfacial solar evaporation platform (ISEP) combined with a MPs adsorbent. This strategy aims to produce clean water and simultaneously enhance MPs removal.

Scalable multifunctional MOFs-textiles via diazonium chemistry.

Cellulose fiber-based textiles are ubiquitous in daily life for their processability, biodegradability, and outstanding flexibility. Integrating cellulose textiles with functional coating materials can unlock their potential functionalities to engage diverse applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal candidate materials for such integration, thanks to their unique merits, such as large specific surface area, tunable pore size, and species diversity.

Urban and agricultural land use led to niche differentiation of AOA, AOB and comammox along the Beiyun River continuum.

River ecological health has been severely threatened by anthropogenic land-use pressures. Here, by combining remote sensing and molecular biology methods, we evaluated the impact of land-use activities on nitrification, a fundamental ecological process in rivers, which is conducted by ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB), or the newly discovered complete ammonia oxidisers (comammox). We explored the relationships of the abundance, activity, and diversity of AOA, AOB, and comammox in river sediments with land-use pressure by proposing a quantitative land use pattern index (LPI) over a 184 km continuum along the Beiyun River in North China.

Dynamics of extrachromosomal circular DNA in rice.

The genome's dynamic nature, exemplified by elements like extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA), is crucial for biodiversity and adaptation. Yet, the role of eccDNA in plants, particularly rice, remains underexplored. Here, we identify 25,598 eccDNAs, unveiling the widespread presence of eccDNA across six rice tissues and revealing its formation as a universal and random process.

Multifunctional Sandwich-Structured Super-Hygroscopic Zinc-Based MOF-Overlayed Cooling Wearables for Special Personal Thermal Management.

Personal protective equipment pays attention exclusively to external safety protection and ignores the internal thermoregulation of physiological state in association with sweating. Herein, a super-hygroscopic calcium-doped poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and superhydrophobic metal-organic-framework-overlayed wearables (Ca-PSS/MOF) integrated cooling wearable is proposed for special personal thermal management (PTM). Compared to the pristine fabric, the superhydrophobic MOF wearables exhibit anti-fouling and antibacterial capabilities, and the antibacterial efficiency is up to 99.

Gibberellins involved in fruit ripening and softening by mediating multiple hormonal signals in tomato.

The phytohormone ethylene is well known for its important role in the ripening of climacteric fruit, such as tomato (). However, the role and mode of action of other plant hormones in climacteric fruit ripening regulation are not fully understood. Here, we showed that exogenous GA treatment or increasing endogenous gibberellin content by overexpressing the gibberellin synthesis gene specifically in fruit tissues delayed tomato fruit ripening, whereas treatment with the GA biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC) accelerated fruit ripening.

Optimization of operating parameters and microbiological mechanism of a low C/N wastewater treatment system dominated by iron-dependent autotrophic denitrification.

Ferrous iron (Fe) reduces the amount of external carbon source used for the denitrification of low-C/N wastewater. The effects of key operating parameters on the efficiency of ferrous-dependent autotrophic denitrification (FDAD) and the functioning mechanism of the microbiome can provide a regulatory strategy for improving the denitrification efficiency of low C/N wastewater. In this study, the response surface method (RSM) was used to explore the influence of four important parameters-the molar ratio of Fe to NO-N (Fe/N), total organic carbon (TOC), the molar ratio of inorganic carbon to NO-N (IC/N) and sludge volume (SV, %)-on the FDAD efficiency.

Copper(II)-infused porphyrin MOF: maximum scavenging GSH for enhanced photodynamic disruption of bacterial biofilm.

Bacterial biofilm infection is a serious obstacle to clinical therapeutics. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) plays a dynamic role in combating biofilm infection by utilizing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced bacterial oxidation injury, showing advantages of mild side effects, spatiotemporal controllability and little drug resistance. However, superfluous glutathione (GSH) present in biofilm and bacteria corporately reduces ROS levels and seriously affects PDT efficiency.

Autonomous Atmospheric Water Harvesting over a Wide RH Range Enabled by Super Hygroscopic Composite Aerogels.

Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) offers a sustainable strategy to address the global freshwater shortage. However, obtaining sorbents with excellent performance over a wide relative humidity (RH) range and devices with fully autonomous water production remains challenging. Herein, magnesium chloride (MgCl) is innovatively converted into super hygroscopic magnesium complexes(MC), which can effectively solve the problems of salt deliquescence and agglomeration.

Distinctive species interaction patterns under high nitrite stress shape inefficient denitrifying phosphorus removal performance.

Denitrifying phosphorus removal using nitrite as an electron acceptor is an innovative, resource-efficient approach for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. However, the inhibitory effects of nitrite on anoxic phosphorus uptake and process stability are unclear. This study investigated the total phosphorus removal performance under nitrite stress and analyzed microbiome responses in 186 sludge samples.