OsSPT38 encodes a novel SUMO E3 ligase that enhances rice stress resilience and grain yield.

Abiotic stresses severely threaten global food security, underscoring the need for resilient crop varieties. We identified OsSPT38, a previously uncharacterized SUMO E3 ligase in rice, and discovered a rare gain-of-function mutation (Gly212Asp) that enhances both stress resilience and yield. This phenotype was validated in 18 additional independent mutants and by base editing in the elite indica cultivar Huanghuazhan.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with head trauma and myeloproliferative neoplasm-unclassifiable: A case report.

Rationale: Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare and special type of cerebrovascular disease characterized by complex etiology, diverse forms of onset, nonspecific clinical manifestations, and difficult diagnosis. Myeloproliferative neoplasm-unclassifiable (MPN-U) refers to clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and morphological features that are consistent with the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms, but do not meet further specific classification criteria, or have overlapping features of 2 or more myeloproliferative neoplasms. Here, we report a case of CVST with MPN-U and a history of head trauma.

Microbiome-mediated environmental adaptation in tea plants and its potential applications.

Background: The assembly of microbiomes during the growth and development of plants plays a crucial role in facilitating host adaptation by enhancing abiotic and biotic resilience to the adverse environment. Understanding the mechanisms of microbial-mediated adaptation to host environments is therefore essential for the plant fitness and sustainable agriculture. Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the oldest extant tree lineages on earth and faces a serious challenge in adapting to the changing global climate during the long-term cultivation and domestication process.

[Evaluation of high-throughput detection technology for ubiquitination signals based on ThUBD].

Ubiquitination is one of the most widely distributed, structurally diverse, and functionally important post-translational modifications for proteins in eukaryotic cells. At present, the methods for detecting ubiquitination signals mainly include immunological detection based on specific antibodies, mass spectrometry, and detection based on ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD), which together constitute a tool library for studying ubiquitination signals. Our team has previously developed a high-throughput detection technology based on an artificial tandem hybrid ubiquitin-binding domain (ThUBD), which achieves universal and highly sensitive detection of all polyubiquitin chain modification signals.

Vitamin D supplementation ameliorates anemia of inflammation by reducing hepcidin levels and inactivating inflammatory signaling pathways.

Background: Anemia of inflammation (AI) is a mild form of anemia. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of AI. This study aims to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role of vitamin D in AI.

A Novel Deep Siamese Convolution Network for Detecting Fentanyl Analogs From Mass Spectra.

Mortality rates have risen dramatically in recent years due to the misuse of fentanyl and its analogs. Due to the easy synthesis and rapid emergence of various fentanyl analogs, an accurate detection model is particularly desirable. The existing classifiers cannot meet the requirements for their accurate detection.

A Genetically Encoded Biosensor for Characterizing Transport and Metabolism of Glutarate.

Glutarate is a platform chemical with diversified applications. It is also an endogenous metabolite involved in various physiological processes. Deficiency in glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GcdH) for glutarate catabolism induces the inherited metabolic disorder glutaric aciduria.

Analysis of acute glomerulonephritis disease burden and incidence trends in China, 1990-2021.

Purpose: To analyze and discuss the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of acute glomerulonephritis in China from 1990 to 2021, predict its incidence in China from 2022 to 2036, and provide a reference for developing treatment and prevention strategies.

Methods: Data on acute glomerulonephritis in China were collected from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease database. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the average annual percentage change and annual percentage change of age-standardized rates, years of life lost due to premature mortality, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years.

Exercise improves aging-induced cardiac dysfunction and prolongs lifespan via Hmgcr.

Since the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases dramatically with age, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms of heart damage in aging and how to reduce the damage caused by aging to the heart. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGCR) is the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis and catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate (MVA). Hmgcr not only affects cholesterol synthesis during the development process, but also regulates primordial germ cell migration and affects heart development.

[Design and application of a ventilator circuit interface protective device for weaning].

With the continuous advancement and innovation in medical equipment technology, the transition between high-flow oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation, and invasive ventilation can be easily achieved by adjusting the ventilation mode of ventilators. During the weaning phase for tracheotomized patients, it is necessary to disconnect the ventilator circuit, change the ventilator mode, and gradually extend the weaning time to achieve complete ventilator liberation. During the weaning process, due to patients' excessive dependence on the ventilator, there may be situations where respiratory endpoints and Y-connectors of the ventilator are reconnected for invasive ventilation.

Oxidases and rolling dominate black tea polysaccharide conjugates formation: Enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms.

Tea processing significantly contributes to the heterogeneity of tea polysaccharide conjugates; however, the specific mechanisms underlying their formation remain unclear. In the present work, it is found that rolling is the critical stage for the formation of black tea polysaccharide conjugates. In vitro enzymatic reactions demonstrated that oxidases, particularly peroxidase with synergistic support from polyphenol oxidase, mediate conjugate formation.

Harnessing biological nitrogen fixation: Multi-scale engineering for self-sustaining agroecosystems.

Certain prokaryotic microorganisms possess the extraordinary ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia in a process known as biological nitrogen fixation. Harnessing this process as a substitute for chemical nitrogen fertilizers offers substantial benefits for agricultural productivity. Improving the efficiency of nitrogen fixation and enabling crops to fix nitrogen biologically are crucial research goals.

Serum-derived exosome proteomics unveils the distinct and adjustable nature of the dampness constitution in traditional Chinese medicine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), dampness is a pathogenic factor arising from impaired production and transportation of bodily fluids. While Fuling Zexie decoction (FLZXD) has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in dampness constitution (DC) treatment, the material basis underlying its constitutional modulatory effects remains unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study proposes objective indicators for the differentiation and therapeutic evaluation of DC and elucidates the material basis of FLZXD in DC treatment.

Dual regulatory role of cyclic di-GMP via the DgcY/HhmR complex in salt response of Y2.

Unlabelled: Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a key second messenger synthesized by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) and regulates diverse bacterial behaviors. While many DGC modules are integrated within complex regulatory cassettes to ensure precise control of cellular processes, simpler DGC-containing cassettes are also widespread across bacteria, despite the regulative modes of their DGC activity remaining to be explored. In this study, we characterized a unique regulative network within a simple DGC cassette in Y2, DgcY, which comprises a six-transmembrane domain and a GGDEF domain lacking the canonical autoinhibitory site.

Prediction of antimicrobial resistance in with a machine learning classifier based on WGS data.

Unlabelled: The phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) often results in treatment failure and restrictions on precision medicine, emphasizing the need for molecular diagnosis of drug resistance. The current use of machine learning (ML) techniques based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) data offers a more precise prediction of phenotypes. We incorporated WGS data from 3979 strains in our study.

Comorbidities and incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Objective: To identify comorbidities associated with incident heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and quantify their HRs for early risk stratification and prevention.

Design: PROSPERO-registered (CRD42024505533) systematic review and meta-analysis. Primary analysis prioritised unadjusted HRs; exploratory analysis incorporated adjusted HRs.

Lipid and volatile dynamics shape sweet potato and honey aroma in 'Baiye 1' black tea.

The albino tea cultivars represented by 'Baiye 1', characterized by their naturally enriched amino acid content and reduced polyphenol levels, exhibit distinctive sweet and umami flavors along with honey-like aromas, characteristics that are uncommon in traditional black teas. Nevertheless, the metabolic transformations underlying these superior sensory qualities during processing remain insufficiently understood. Here, UPLC-HRMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS were employed to analyze non-volatile and volatile compounds respectively during 'Baiye 1' black tea (BYBT) processing.

The prevalence and clinical correlates of severe anxiety symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia: a Chinese population study.

Objective: Although anxiety symptoms frequently co-occur with schizophrenia and may substantially influence disease progression and treatment outcomes, systematic investigations of this comorbidity remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical correlations of severe anxiety symptoms among Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naive (FEDN) schizophrenia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 255 FEDN schizophrenia patients.

Effectiveness of family-provider communication interventions on family's psychological health, communication quality, and health care utilization in the ICU: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This review aims to assess evidence regarding the effectiveness of family-provider communication interventions.

Methods: We searched six databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library). Two researchers independently extracted data and assessed bias.

A genetically encoded biosensor for point-of-care and live-cell detection of D-2-hydroxyglutarate.

D-2-Hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) is a functional endogenous metabolite in various domains of life. Its abnormal accumulation promotes human tumorigenesis. Convenient D-2-HG testing for diagnosis and prognosis of D-2-HG-related diseases remains technically challenging, and there is no analytical method to directly detect D-2-HG in living cells.

Soft graph clustering for single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Background: Clustering analysis is fundamental in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data analysis for elucidating cellular heterogeneity and diversity. Recent graph-based scRNA-seq clustering methods, particularly graph neural networks (GNNs), have significantly improved in tackling the challenges of high-dimension, high-sparsity, and frequent dropout events that lead to ambiguous cell population boundaries. However, one major challenge for GNN-based methods is their reliance on hard graph constructions derived from similarity matrices.

Development and validation of MRI-based radiomics model for clinical symptom stratification of extrinsic adenomyosis.

Background: Extrinsic adenomyosis exhibits heterogeneous clinical symptoms, with pain being more commonly reported. The relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) feature and symptom remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of MRI radiomics model for differentiating symptom heterogeneity of extrinsic adenomyosis, pain, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), infertility, and no symptom.

Single-Cell Transcription Reveals the Fibroblast Heterogeneity and Neural Cells' Significance in Desmoid Fibromatosis.

Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) is a refractory tumor with a high recurrence rate, resulting in severe organ's deformity, morbidity, and mortality. The cellular characteristics of DF remain elusive. Herein, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to reveal the cell landscape of DF.

Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Intensive Care Unit Patients Using Causal SurvivalNet With Serum Chloride and Other Causal Factors: Cross-Country Study.

Background: Incorporating initial serum chloride levels as a prognostic indicator in the intensive care environment has the potential to refine risk stratification and tailor treatment strategies, leading to more efficient use of clinical resources and improved patient outcomes.

Objective: Quantitative analysis of the relationship between serum chloride levels at intensive care unit (ICU) admission and in-hospital mortality, and the establishment of a personalized survival curve prediction deep learning model to enhance risk stratification and clinical decision-making.

Methods: A large-scale, cross-country, multicohort study of 189,462 ICU patients from four cohorts was conducted: 70,370 from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV), 112,457 from eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD; 2 US cohorts), 4653 from Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, and 1982 patients from Zigong Fourth People's Hospital (2 Chinese cohorts).

Clinical Pharmacy Services in County Hospitals in China: Insights From a National Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Clinical pharmacy services have gained high recognition worldwide, but are still unevenly developed and inequitable. This study aims to explore the setting and implementation of clinical pharmacy services in county hospitals in China and to identify the associated factors, as well as the perceptions and demands of healthcare professionals.

Methods: A national cross-sectional survey of clinical pharmacy services in county hospitals in China from April to October 2023.