The LsBAHD3-LsAAE3 Module Catalyses Biosynthesis of β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-Diaminopropionic Acid in Lathyrus sativus and Pisum sativum.

The neuroactive β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) was first identified in Lathyrus sativus and present also in several Chinese traditional herbs including Panax notoginseng. It exhibit toxicological effects as the causative agent of neurolathyrism when L. sativus was over-consumed under drought-triggered famines or pharmacological effects including neuroprotection and wound healing.

aEEG as an early predictor of brain injury and prognosis in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the independent risk factors associated with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) using amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG), specifically exploring the relationship between aEEG scores, clinical manifestations, neurodevelopmental assessments, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels with adverse outcomes in HIE.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 224 neonates diagnosed with HIE who were admitted between January 2022 and May 2024. Infants were grouped by HIE severity: mild, moderate, and severe.

SPON2 facilitates osteosarcoma development by inducing M2 macrophage polarization through activation of the NF-κB/VEGF signaling axis.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor with poor prognosis, particularly in metastatic cases. Here, we identify spondin 2 (SPON2) as a key driver of OS progression. SPON2 is significantly upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines and correlates with shorter patient survival.

Exploring the effects of the anti-diarrheal formula on intestinal oxidative stress based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and microbiomics.

The anti-diarrheal formula, a traditional Chinese remedy made from Punica granatum peel, Agrimonia eupatoria, and Gynostemma Blume, contains compounds that reduce oxidative stress. In our previous study, it was shown that the Anti-diarrheal Formula has a therapeutic effect on dysentery in livestock, so follow-up experiments are needed to test the mechanism of action.This study examines the formula's pharmacological mechanisms in treating dysentery through microbiome analysis and network pharmacology to clarify its effects on oxidative stress.

Characterizing Duodenal Immune Microenvironment in Functional Dyspepsia: An AutoML-Driven Diagnostic Framework.

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent gastroduodenal disorder with an unclear pathogenesis. Recent studies suggest that duodenal immune activation plays a pivotal role in its development.

Methods: Mendelian randomization analysis using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data identified genes associated with FD.

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis triggered by EBV and HSV-1: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a central nervous system disorder driven by autoantibodies, characterized by a wide range of complex clinical manifestations. Although tumors, such as teratomas, and viral infections have been identified as potential triggering factors, the precise etiology of this condition remains to be elucidated. While herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been linked to the onset of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, cases involving coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HSV-1 as causative factors are exceedingly rare.

In-depth analysis of dynamic binding of sardine-derived functional tripeptide with serum albumin in diverse buffers.

Background: Food-derived angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (ACEIPs) are commonly utilized in functional food development. In-depth research on their interactions with serum albumin can enhance their bioavailability and in vivo functionality from functional food.

Results: This study systematically investigated the impact of the ACEIP Gly-Arg-Pro (GRP) derived from sardine muscle protein on the conformation and interaction mechanisms of bovine serum albumin (BSA) under different physiological buffer environments using multispectral techniques, molecular docking theory and isothermal titration calorimetry.

A Meta-Analysis of Global Prevalence of Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors.

Beak and feather disease virus is a member of the family , and among birds, parrots are susceptible hosts. This study reported the global molecular prevalence and risk factors of BFDV infection in parrot species. Relevant studies were identified from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang databases.

Minimum clinically important difference in Quantitative Lung Fibrosis score associated with all-cause mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: subanalysis from two phase II trials of pamrevlumab.

Objectives: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease. Chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) is instrumental in IPF management, and the Quantitative Lung Fibrosis (QLF) score is a computer-assisted metric for quantifying lung disease using HRCT. This study aimed to assess the change in QLF score associated with a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of IPF symptoms and physiological lung function, and also determine the MCID of QLF change associated with all-cause mortality to serve as an imaging biomarker to confirm disease progression and response to therapy.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing defines adipose tissue subpopulations that contribute to Tibetan pig cold adaptation.

Background: Thermogenic beige adipocyte displays a remarkable ability in mammals to adapt to cold environments, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear, especially in pigs that lack functional UCP1.

Results: Multilocular beige adipocytes were observed in both Tibetan pigs (cold-tolerant) and Bama pigs (cold-sensitive) after short-term cold exposure (4 ℃ for 3 days). Through single-nucleus RNA sequencing of adipose tissues, including subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissues (IAT) and perirenal adipose tissues (PAT), from both pig breeds at room temperature and cold treatment conditions, we discovered two cell subpopulations specific to Tibetan pigs, PDGFRαEBF2 in IAT and ADIPOQHIF1A in both depots.

PbrBGAL6 promotes pollen tube growth by influencing apical pectin level in Pyrus bretschneideri.

Background: β-galactosidase (BGAL), which is an important cell wall-degrading enzyme, participates in various biological processes, but its effects on pollen tube growth (PTG) remain unclear.

Results: We identified 12 PbrBGAL genes (named PbrBGAL1-12) in the pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) genome. PbrBGAL members, containing three conserved domains and two enzyme active sites, were grouped into six subclasses.

Nanofiber Aerogel with Rigidity-Flexibility Synergy.

In aerogel-based thermal insulation materials, the challenge of balancing mechanical properties (rigidity and flexibility) while enhancing thermal performance under extreme temperature and humidity conditions persists. This study introduces an innovative biomimetic aerogel design combining features of shell-like layered architecture and loofah porous microstructures. We developed polyimide/polyvinylidene fluoride (PI/PVDF) nanofiber aerogels with excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties.

Identification and analysis of microplastics in human penile cancer tissues.

Background: Widespread pollution from microplastics (MPs) has been identified as a significant contributor to adverse health effects in humans. This research aimed to investigate the presence of MPs in human penile cancer.

Methods: The Laser Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (LDIR) was employed to detect and analyze MPs in the cancerous tissue (CT) and adjacent normal tissue (ANT) of 17 patients diagnosed with penile cancer.

The effects of degraded polysaccharides from Acanthopanax senticosus on growth, antioxidant and immune effects in broiler chicks based on intestinal flora.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of degraded polysaccharide of Acanthopanax senticosus (ASPS-1) on the immunological effects and appropriate dosage of broiler chicks with a view to developing a new feed additive. For the experimental design, 180 broiler chicks were randomly divided into six groups, ASPS-1 low, medium and high dose groups, undegraded Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide (ASPS) low and medium dose groups and blank control group. The drug was administered for 21 consecutive days, and the growth and data of immune organ index and immune factors were recorded on the 7th, 14th and 21st d.

The Occurrence and Meta-Analysis of Investigations on Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Captive Wild Mammals in Mainland China.

This study investigated the infection rates of intestinal parasites in captive wild animals from 2000 to 2024 and analyzed the associated risk factors using a meta-analysis. We retrieved 29 studies, with a total of 8421 captive wild mammals, published between 2000 and 2024. We used the DerSimonian-Laird model and calculated infection rate estimates with the variance stabilizing double arcsine transformation.

Referenced-Closed Bipolar Electrode to Enable the Photoelectrochemical-Electrochromic Synchronous Biosensing.

The environment of electrolyte solution (e.g., saline, pH, and ascorbic acid) can affect the stability of electrochromic materials in photoelectrochemical (PEC)-electrochromic biosensors.

Robust-adhesion and high-mechanical strength hydrogel for efficient wet tissue adhesion.

Bioadhesive hydrogels show great promise in wound closure due to their minimally invasive nature and ease of use. However, they typically exhibit poor wet adhesion and mechanical properties on wet tissues. Herein, a ready-to-use bioadhesive hydrogel (denoted as PAA-NHS/C-CS) with rapidly robust adhesion and high mechanical strength is developed a simple one-pot UV crosslinking polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), catechol-functionalized chitosan (C-CS), and acrylic acid -hydroxysuccinimide ester (AA-NHS ester).

Effect of exogenous thermophilic biocontrol agent inoculum on the high temperature chicken manure composting.

Introduction: Aerobic composting is an effective method for utilizing chicken manure. However, its low carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio leads to slow heating and short high-temperature phases, which reduce composting efficiency and product quality.

Methods: To address this issue, splinted mushroom cultivation residues were added to adjust the C/N ratio, and exogenous thermophilic composting strains were introduced to increase composting temperature.

Molecular mechanisms underlying floral fragrance in 'High Fragrance': a time-course assessment.

'High Fragrance' is a camellia hybrid known for its unique and intense floral scent. The current understanding of the dynamic changes in its fragrance and the underlying mechanisms are still limited. This study employed a combination of metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches to reveal the characteristics of the metabolites involved in the remarkable fragrance of this camellia and their biosynthetic mechanisms along three flower developmental stages (flower bud, initial bloom, and full bloom).

Super Moisture-Sorbent Sponge for Sustainable Atmospheric Water Harvesting and Power Generation.

Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) shows great promise to mitigate the worldwide water scarcity, especially in the arid regions. Salt-based composite materials are the extensively used sorbents for SAWH, however, they suffer from complex preparation to avoid salt leakage. Furthermore, the significant amount of heat produced during water harvesting process is often neglected and wasted.

Optimization of Liquid Fermentation of Leaves and Its Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis.

To enhance the nutritional value of leaves (AL), a fermentation process was conducted using a probiotic mixture, and the changes in chemical constituents and biological activities before and after fermentation were compared. A response surface methodology was employed to optimize the liquid fermentation conditions of AL based on their influence on polyphenol content. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed using LC-MS/MS to reveal the differing profiles of compounds before and after fermentation.

Recent advances in dual PROTACs degrader strategies for disease treatment.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) is regarded as an emerging therapeutic strategy with unlimited potential because of its mechanism of inducing target protein degradation though harnessing ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Recently, researchers are combining the advantages of PROTACs and dual-targeted drugs to explore some new types of dual PROTACs degraders. The utilization of dual PROTACs not only enhances the efficiency of selective degradation for two or more distinct proteins, but also facilitates synergistic interactions between target proteins to optimize therapeutic efficacy as well as overcome resistance.