The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Lower Respiratory Infections Caused by Between 1990 and 2021.

: To investigate the global epidemiological characteristics of lower respiratory infection (LRI) burden caused by (SP) from 1990 to 2021. : Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021, we systematically analyzed -related (SP-related) LRI burden, focusing on mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and temporal trends by age, gender, geographic region, and socio-demographic index (SDI) quintiles. Decomposition analysis assessed the influence of epidemiological shifts, population growth, and aging on age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), while an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model projected future trends.

Presepsin as a diagnostic biomarker for sepsis across neonates, children, and adults: A meta-analysis.

Sepsis remains a leading global health challenge, with delayed recognition and limited diagnostic accuracy of current tools contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Conventional clinical scores (SOFA/qSOFA), standard biomarkers (CRP, PCT), and blood cultures suffer from delayed responsiveness, insufficient specificity, or slow turnaround, underscoring the urgent need for more reliable early diagnostic strategies. Presepsin, a soluble CD14 subtype generated during pathogen recognition by innate immune cells, has emerged as a promising biomarker with potential to reflect infection status earlier and more specifically than traditional markers.

Red Cell Distribution Width as a Predictive Biomarker for Early Lung Injury in Pediatric Patients Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Red cell distribution width (RDW) has emerged as a prognostic biomarker in various clinical contexts. This retrospective study evaluated the predictive utility of RDW for cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute lung injury (CPB-ALI) in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A total of 166 children were enrolled and classified into CPB-ALI and non-ALI groups.

The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy may be efficacious for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with near-loop insertions of exon 20: A retrospective analysis.

ObjectiveThe sensitivity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as monotherapy is low in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor () exon 20 insertion mutations (ex20ins). This study aims at investigating the effectiveness of the combination of ICI and chemotherapy (ICI-combined regimen) in a real-world population of NSCLC patients harboring near-loop insertions of exon 20.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of advanced NSCLC with ex20ins from April 2016 to March 2021 at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, China.

Tumor immune microenvironment of NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertions may predict efficacy of first-line ICI-combined regimen.

Objectives: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with exon 20 insertion mutations (ex20ins) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were resistant to monotherapy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). However, recent reports have shown that the combination of ICI and chemotherapy (ICI-combined regimen) exhibited certain efficacy for NSCLC with EGFR ex20ins. The mechanisms behind this phenomenon have not been thoroughly clarified.

Using patient-derived organoids to predict locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer tumor response: A real-world study.

Predicting the clinical response to chemotherapeutic or targeted treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer requires an accurate and affordable tool. Tumor organoids are a potential approach in precision medicine for predicting the clinical response to treatment. However, their clinical application in lung cancer has rarely been reported because of the difficulty in generating pure tumor organoids.

Clinical outcomes of EGFR+/METamp+ vs. EGFR+/METamp- untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: MET dysregulation has been implicated in the development of primary and secondary resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of patients harboring EGFR-sensitive mutations and de novo MET amplifications still need to be explored.

Methods: A total of 54 patients from our hospital with non-small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR-sensitive mutations and/or de novo MET amplifications were included in this study.