Microbial regulation of organic solid waste composting: Lignocellulose degradation (fertilization), process gas emissions, and containment of typical pollutants.

Microbial agents represent a valuable class of additives that can enhance the value and effectiveness of compost products. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and applications of microorganisms in regulating lignocellulose degradation, controlling gas emissions, and managing typical pollutants during the composting of organic solid wastes. Inoculation with microbial agents can significantly improve the degradation efficiency, quality, and environmental friendliness of compost.

Flexibility-Induced Robustness in Molecular Catalysts for Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

CO electroreduction to produce fuels and chemicals is of great significance. Molecular catalysts offer valuable advantages in light of their well-defined active sites and tunable structural and electronic properties. However, their stability is often compromised by rigid conjugated structures.

An endoscopy deliverable hydrogel dry powder for sealing and repairing gastric perforation.

Gastric perforation (GP) is characterized by full-thickness injury of the stomach wall, a severe and potentially life-threatening gastrointestinal disease. However, current treatment, including surgical sutures and endoscopic closure, faces limitations, achieving complete sealing of the perforation and favorable healing remains a great challenge and an acute clinical demand. Here, we report a hydrogel dry powder (PPCL@Mg) for the minimally invasive treatment of GP, which can be delivered to target perforation wounds by spraying via an endoscope, and rapidly absorbing interfacial water and spontaneously forming a hydrogel.

Recent Development of Boron-Containing Small-Molecule Anticancer Agents.

Small-molecule anticancer agents containing boron have attracted growing attention due to their unique chemical properties and promising anticancer activities. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in developing boron-based small-molecule agents, highlighting their molecular structures, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic applications. Specifically, it covers key categories such as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents, boron-based enzyme inhibitors, novel benzoxaborole derivatives, and boron-based reactive oxygen species (ROS)-targeting agents.

Design and Parameter Optimization of Quasi-Zero-Stiffness Structures Based on Cosine-Curve Compliant Beams.

Quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) structures can provide a near constant force output in a certain range of displacement without force sensors and controllers. Therefore, they can be used in overload protection, vibration isolation, and biomedical application. In this paper, we propose a novel QZS structure based on cosine-curve compliant beams, which have a large QZS stoke and compact layout.

Genome-Wide Analysis and Screening of Uridine Diphosphate-Glycosyltransferase Family Genes Involved in Lignin/Flavonoid Glycosylation and Stress Response in (L.) Gaudich.

Lignins and flavonoids, which are derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway and share common precursors, play an important role in (ramie). Uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are essential for the glycosylation of secondary metabolites and are involved in plant growth and stress responses. Hence, this study aimed to screen candidate related to lignin/flavonoid glycosylation and stress responses.

Attention-Fused Staged DWT-LSTM for Fault Diagnosis of Embedded Sensors in Asphalt Pavement.

Fault diagnosis for embedded sensors in asphalt pavement faces significant challenges, including the scarcity of real-world fault data and the difficulty in identifying compound faults, which severely compromises the reliability of monitoring data. To address these issues, this study proposes an intelligent diagnostic framework that integrates a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with a staged, attention-based Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. First, various fault modes were systematically defined, including short-term (i.

Bivariate-gated DNA nanoreactors for high-fidelity amplified imaging of tumor cells.

Here, we report a bivariate-gated DNA nanoreactor enabling high-fidelity tumor cell imaging amplified miRNA-21 detection. Endogenous apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) activates toehold unlocking to prevent leakage, while spatial confinement excludes pre-miRNA interference. This strategy distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells with minimal false positives, enabling reliable cancer diagnostics.

An arginine chiral sensor based on walnut-like molecularly imprinted polymers.

Enantioselective discrimination of chiral amino acids is critically important across biomedicine, pharmacology, and food science, given the distinct biological roles of D- and L-enantiomers. In this study, a novel chiral sensor based on walnut-shaped molecularly imprinted polymers (w-MIPs) was developed for the highly sensitive and selective recognition of D- and L-arginine (Arg). The unique core-shell w-MIPs architecture, containing targeted binding sites, was synthesized tailored precipitation polymerization and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Unveiling novel steady-state phosphorus removal equilibrium in partial nitritation/Anammox-hydroxyapatite process: underlying mechanisms and microbial metabolism.

The partial nitritation/Anammox-hydroxyapatite (PN/A-HAP) process enables economical nitrogen and phosphorus removal. This study conducted long-term continuous experiments to evaluate the feasibility of the single-stage PN/A-HAP reactor for low-phosphorus wastewater treatment. An equilibrium limitation of the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent (TP) under controlled conditions was identified.

Ultrasensitive and Selective ZPNRs-H Sensor for Sulfur Gas Molecules Detection.

The exceptional sensing properties of hydrogen-saturated zigzag phosphorene nanoribbons (ZPNRs-H) for sulfur-containing gases, namely SO, SO, and HS, were investigated using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The total energy, adsorption energy, and Mulliken charge transfer were assessed to evaluate the adsorption properties of the ZPNRs-H towards these gases. Notably, the ZPNRs-H exhibits physical adsorption for SO and HS gas molecules, while demonstrating chemical adsorption for SO, characterized by a substantial adsorption energy and pronounced charge transfer.

High-Efficiency Strategy for Reducing Decomposition Potential of Lithium Formate as Cathode Prelithiation Additive for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted extensive attention as a distinguished electrochemical energy storage system due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, the initial irreversible lithium loss during the first cycle caused by the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) leads to the prominent reduction in the energy density of LIBs. Notably, lithium formate (HCOOLi, LFM) is regarded as a promising cathode prelithiation reagent for effective lithium supplementation due to its high theoretical capacity of 515 mAh·g.

BANSMDA: a computational model for predicting potential microbe-disease associations based on bilinear attention networks and sparse autoencoders.

Introduction: Predicting the relationship between diseases and microbes can significantly enhance disease diagnosis and treatment, while providing crucial scientific support for public health, ecological health, and drug development.

Methods: In this manuscript, we introduce an innovative computational model named BANSMDA, which integrates Bilinear Attention Networks with sparse autoencoder to uncover hidden connections between microbes and diseases. In BANSMDA, we first constructed a heterogeneous microbe-disease network by integrating multiple Gaussian similarity measures for diseases and microbes, along with known microbe-disease associations.

Untargeted metabolomics reveals compositional alterations in the muscle tissue of hybrid crucian carp.

Fish breeding, including distant hybridization and backcrossing, can reinforce fish growth performance and flesh quality. Using the intercrossing and backcrossing, two improved crucian carps, WR1 and WR2, were generated with a fast growth rate and high-quality flesh. The present study focused on the metabolomic profiles of two genetically improved fish species and investigated the mechanisms of advanced traits underlying metabolic changes by comparing them to their original parents.

Enhancing the resistance of pipe joint to riboflavin mediated microbial corrosion via increasing heat input.

This study investigated the dual role of heat input (HI) and riboflavin on microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of pipe joint. The results showed that localized corrosion of the base metal (BM) and weld zone (WZ) was more severe than that in the heat affected zone (HAZ), but the general corrosion of the former two regions was less severe than that in the latter. The pit depths of BM (8.

Rice protein peptides alleviate lipid accumulation modulating liver metabolism and remodeling the gut microbiota in HFD-induced mice.

Hyperlipidemia is a significant risk factor for lipid metabolism disorder and gut health impairment. Rice protein peptides (RPs) have emerged as promising interventions for hyperlipidemia management, owing to their safety profile, bioavailability, and cost-effectiveness. However, comprehensive investigations into their anti-hyperlipidemic effects and underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently explored.

A leveling-shielding dual strategy enabling stable zinc anodes to exhibit ultra-low interfacial impedance.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have demonstrated great potential for large-scale energy storage, but still suffer from severe dendrites and corrosion problems. Uneven distributions of crystalline planes and passivation layers on the zinc anode are the key factors causing dendrites and corrosion. However, the synergistic construction of uniform crystal planes and shielding layers is still challenging.

DNA Tetrahedral Sensors for Visualizing miR-21-Mediated Angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis is a critical driver of tumor metastasis, making it a key target for anticancer therapy. While oncogenic miR-21 has been identified as a key promoter of tumor angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulation, existing approaches fail to visualize this epigenetic regulatory mechanism in real time. To address this gap, we developed two DNA tetrahedron sensors using DNA nanotechnology, enabling precise recognition and real-time visualization of miR-21 and its downstream VEGF mRNA through a dual-target synchronous detection strategy.

Ultrahigh Energy Density in Dielectric Polymers Near Glass Transition Temperature by Molecular Twisting Conformation Locking.

Dielectric polymers with high operating temperatures (T) for capacitive energy storage applications are urgently needed in new energy vehicles and power electronics. Polymers with high glass transition temperatures (T), such as Kapton polyimide (T≈360 °C), suffer low T (< 150 °C) due to electron delocalization between donor and acceptor units. Here, a molecular twisting conformation-locking strategy is proposed for high-temperature dielectric polymers to block intrachain and interchain electron migration pathways.

Enhancing the stability and gel network of Pickering emulsions via pH and salt regulation: a study on CNF/EGCG complexes.

This study developed high-performance emulsion gels stabilized by cellulose nanofiber/epigallocatechin gallate (CNF/EGCG) complexes and investigated the effects of pH and NaCl concentration on their properties. Emulsion gels were prepared via one-step high-speed shearing. Results showed that lowering pH or increasing NaCl concentration decreased electrostatic repulsion, leading to particle aggregation and reduced droplet sizes.

Polydimethylsiloxane Brush Coating Strategy for Scalable Superhydrophobic Filter Paper with Oil-Water Separation, Self-Cleaning, and Anti-icing Properties.

Considerable effort has been made to design low-cost and eco-friendly materials for effective oil-water separation. In this work, an efficient strategy for fabricating superhydrophobic filter paper (PDMS-Paper-) via dip coating in a methoxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS macromolecule coupling agent) solution was reported. The chemical constitution and surface morphology of PDMS-Paper- were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy.

Physiological and biochemical alterations in soybean by banana peel biochar under different degrees of salt stress.

Salt influences cellular membranes by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, while osmolytes play a vital role in protecting plants from oxidative stress caused by salt. Biochar may alleviate the effects of salinity-induced stress on crops. The study investigated the impact of biochar supplementation on osmolyte modifications and antioxidant activity in soybean (Glycine max cv.

The role of egg white in improving the cooking properties of dried Tartary buckwheat noodles: Insights into protein-protein interactions.

This study investigated the impact of egg white (0-20 %, wet basis) on the cooking quality of dried Tartary buckwheat noodles (DTBNs) and explored the underlying mechanisms. Results demonstrated that egg white significantly improved cooking quality, reducing cooking loss (up to 8.85 %, p < 0.

Plant responses and rhizosphere soil characteristics of sea-buckthorn from different sex combinations in an abandoned lead-zinc mine.

Background: Nowadays, the restoration of abandoned mines has gained more attention due to its significance in vegetation recovery and ecological security Although some studies have indicated the sexual dimorphism of dioecious plants in response to the environmental adaptability, sea-buckthorn ( L.), a diecious species widely used in afforestation and soil conservation, has not been studied the effects of sexual interactions on degraded ecosystem restoration.

Methods: experiment, the physiological responses and rhizosphere soil changes of sea-buckthorn seedlings from different sex combinations were investigated in an abandoned Lead-Zinc mine.

Enhancing carbonation resistance of alkali-activated fly ash-slag pastes: Role of albite and dolomite additives.

This study evaluated the performance degradation of alkali-activated fly ash-slag (AAFS) pastes under carbonation conditions and investigated the efficacy of albite and light-burned dolomite (LBD) as individual modifiers for enhancing carbonation resistance. Accelerated carbonation tests were conducted to assess the impact of varying albite and LBD dosages on the compressive strength, carbonation depth, pH value, pore structure, phase composition, and microstructure of AAFS pastes. The results indicated that both albite and LBD significantly improved the compressive strength of AAFS pastes before carbonation, with the 20 % albite group exhibiting the highest increase, reaching 29.