Achieving an Objective Response Following Two Cycles of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Anti-PD-(L)1 Inhibitors Might Predict the Optimal Pathological Response in Resectable Stage II-III Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus anti-programmed death (ligand)-1 (anti-PD-(L)1) inhibitors (chemoimmunotherapy) for early-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is under investigation, but differences in pathological response rates between patients who achieved objective responses after 2 versus 3-6 cycles remain unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 481 stage II-III NSCLC patients who had 2-6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery (June 2018-February 2024). The primary outcomes compared the pathological response (pathological complete response [pCR] and major pathological response [MPR]) between the 2-cycle (n = 99) and 3-6-cycle (n = 382) groups in patients who achieved objective response as well as between objective response rate (ORR) and non-ORR groups.

Voxel-level Radiomics and Deep Learning Based on MRI for Predicting Microsatellite Instability in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Two-center Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop and validate a non-invasive deep learning model that integrates voxel-level radiomics with multi-sequence MRI to predict microsatellite instability (MSI) status in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Methods: This two-center retrospective study included 375 patients with pathologically confirmed EC from two medical centers. Patients underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI (T2WI, DWI, CE-T1WI), and MSI status was determined by immunohistochemistry.

Effect of radical radiotherapy dose on the prognosis of limited-stage thoracic small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A multicenter retrospective trial from China (CHiSCEC).

Background: The optimal radiation dose for the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCEC) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the treatment outcomes and toxicities in patients with limited-stage SCEC (LS-SCEC) treated by radiotherapy.

Methods: Patients with LS-SCEC from 14 institutions were retrospectively identified between December 2000 and October 2021.

Epigenetic Regulation of Aging and its Rejuvenation.

Aging increases the global burden of disease, yet its molecular basis remains incompletely understood. Recent studies indicate that reversible epigenetic drift-spanning DNA methylation clocks, histone codes, three-dimensional chromatin, and noncoding RNA networks-constitutes a central regulator of organismal decline and age-related diseases. How these epigenetic layers interact across different tissues-and how best to translate them into therapeutic strategies-are still open questions.

[A new research direction of traditional Chinese medicine preparations: development and application of improved self-assembled nanoparticles].

During the decocting process of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), molecules spontaneously form self-assembled nanoparticles(SAN) through intermolecular non-covalent interactions. This process effectively addresses the low bioavailability of poorly soluble components, becoming a research hotspot. However, SAN formed in traditional decoctions often exhibit low Zeta potential, poor stability, and easy aggregation, which limit their clinical applications.

Innovative utilization of argon plasma coagulation combined with endoclips for managing gastrointestinal bleeding attributed to colonic diverticular bleeding: a retrospective study.

Background: Colonic diverticular bleeding is one of the primary causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, with endoscopic hemostasis as the first-line treatment. However, the outcomes of endoscopic treatments remain suboptimal. This study utilized an innovative therapeutic method to manage colonic diverticular bleeding and evaluated its feasibility and safety in clinical settings.

LHX2 Rewires the Metabolic and Epigenetic Landscape to Drive Tumor Progression in Prostate Cancer.

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) evolves as an aggressive phenotype during prolonged androgen deprivation therapy, lacking effective clinical management. Here, we elucidated a reciprocal metabolic-epigenetic mechanism involving a positive feedback loop between glycolysis and the transcription factor LHX2 that promotes PCa progression. Mechanistically, enzalutamide-mediated inhibition of the androgen receptor (AR) led to upregulation of key glycolytic enzymes.

Biomimetic nanoparticles coated with ScFv-modified macrophage membranes for siRNA delivery to relieve brain metastases of lung cancer.

Background: In China, lung cancer stands as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, often resulting in brain metastases (BM) that severely compromise patients' quality of life and reduce survival outcomes. The delivery of drugs to the brain is further complicated by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To address this, we developed EGFR single-chain fragment variable (scFv)-modified macrophage membrane liposomes (scFv-MML) encapsulating LPCAT1 siRNA (scFv-MML@LPCAT1si) as a targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) BM.

The systemic inflammatory response index as a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with coronary artery disease: evidence from the cohort study of NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: The association of systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) with prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has never been investigated in a large sample with long-term follow-up. This study aimed to explore the association of SIRI with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a nationally representative sample of CAD patients from United States.

Methods: A total of 3386 participants with CAD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were included in this study.

Hesperidin-β-Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: A novel approach for preventing and treating acute lung injury caused by seawater drowning.

Seawater drowning-induced acute lung injury (ALI) presents a significant challenge due to the lack of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Hesperidin (Hep) possesses diverse biological activities, including potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its clinical utility is hindered by poor solubility and limited bioavailability.

Correction: Characteristics and correlations of sleep disorders in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in China: a cross-sectional study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2025.

Real-world study on adverse drug reactions of pembrolizumab in endometrial cancer treatment: insights from the FAERS database.

Objective: Pembrolizumab is a key drug in the immunotherapy of endometrial cancer (EC) and has improved the prognosis to some extent. However, adverse drug events (ADEs) have hindered the achievement of expected therapeutic outcomes in EC. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the ADEs of pembrolizumab using the FAERS database, offering new insights for clinical practice in EC treatment.

Unraveling the vicious cycle: longitudinal analysis between financial toxicity and symptom burden in women with breast cancer.

Background: Financial toxicity (FT) from cancer treatment significantly impacts the quality of life among breast cancer patients. The study aimed to assess the longitudinal associations between FT and symptom burden in Chinese breast cancer patients.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2022 to March 2024.

Network analysis of social support and anxiety symptoms among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Recent research suggests that focusing on specific symptoms, rather than general levels of impairment, may offer a more nuanced understanding of psychopathology. Given the unique social and psychological challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aims to explore the relationships between the three dimensions of perceived social support family support, friend support, and other support-and individual anxiety symptoms among college students. The pandemic context provides an opportunity to examine how different forms of social support may influence specific anxiety symptoms in a time of heightened stress and restricted social interactions.

A clinically inspired olsalazine-based metal-organic framework enables a universal nanodrugs platform for diverse disease.

Conventional nanocarriers have three inherent limitations: therapeutic inefficacy, suboptimal drug-loading capacity, and disease-specific nanocarrier requirements necessitating frequent structural reconfiguration. To overcome these challenges, we developed a novel modular synergistic bioactive nanocarrier based on olsalazine (Olsa), utilizing a modular coordination-switching strategy to achieve cross-disease therapeutic adaptability. A spherical Olsa-based Cu/Fe metal-organic framework (MOF) was developed for colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy to encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX) and address the intrinsic hydrogen peroxide (HO) deficiency in tumor microenvironments through a self-catalytic HO regeneration mechanism.

MYH2-associated myopathy caused by novel compound heterozygous mutations: a case report and literature review.

MYH2-associated myopathy is a group of congenital heterogeneous diseases. Case reports with MYH2-associated myopathy due to compound heterozygous mutations are rare. We report a 63-year-old Asian female who presented with bilateral ptosis and limb weakness for over 10 years.

[Simulation analysis of adaptability of large airborne negative pressure isolation cabin to aviation conditions].

In order to solve the problems of difficult test, high cost and long cycle in the development of large-scale airborne negative pressure isolation system, the simulation analysis of negative pressure response characteristics is carried out around various aviation conditions such as aircraft ascending, leveling and descending, especially rapid decompression, based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results showed that the isolation cabin could achieve -50 Pa pressure difference environment and form a certain pressure gradient. The exhaust air volume reached the maximum value in the early stage of the aircraft's ascent, and gradually decreased with the increase of altitude until it was level flying.

Immunotherapy biomarkers in brain metastases: insights into tumor microenvironment dynamics.

Brain metastases (BM), represent the most common intracranial malignancies in adults and remain a major clinical challenge due to their poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Although immunotherapy has emerged and offers a promising strategy, its efficacy in BM is often compromised by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and limited immune cell infiltration. This review highlights the critical role of cytokines and growth factors as key modulators of immune dynamics in the TME, exploring their utility as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for immune response.

Short-course-based TNT with or without PD-1 inhibitor for pMMR locally advanced rectal cancer: Phase 2 results of a randomized trial (STELLAR II).

Background: The therapeutic efficacy and mode of combining immunotherapy with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/microsatellite stable (MSS) locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remain uncertain.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, seamless phase 2/3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05484024), eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) (5 Gy × 5), followed by 4 cycles of capecitabine and oxaliplatin or 6 cycles of leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and fluorouracil, with (iTNT group) or without (total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT] group) 4 cycles of sintilimab.

Development of Mobile-Phase Buffers and Evaluation of Analytical Performance for HbA Assays.

Hemoglobin A (HbA) plays a role in the diagnosis and assessment of glycemic control in patients with diabetes. However, few studies have focused on the preparation methods and analytical performance evaluation of different formulations of mobile-phase buffers for HbA assays. In this study, mobile-phase buffers of new formulations were prepared for the measurement of HbA.

Global Circulation Dynamics and Its Determinants of Dengue Virus: A Network Evolution and Model Study from 1990 to 2019.

As dengue is an increasing global health threat, a better understanding of the global circulation dynamics and its determinants would be helpful for precise prevention and control of dengue. The dynamics of global circulation of the four dengue virus serotypes were explored utilizing genetic sequences through a network-based method. Four new circulation indicators, including local intensity, betweenness centrality, tip frequency, and persistence time, were defined.

The association of metabolic syndrome with aortic aneurysm: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been proved to be associated with cardiovascular disease, and recent observational studies have revealed the association between MetS and its components and aortic aneurysm (AA), but the causal relationship still uncertain. The study aimed to explore the causal effect of MetS on AA using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of MetS and its components were extracted from publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) database.

A Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides Disturbing Forkhead Box O3 Mediated ctnna2 Transcriptional Repression Prevents Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorder in Mice.

Background: Perioperative cognitive disorder (PND) affects up to 31% of surgical patients. Although clinical studies have identified a variety of risk factors, no effective prevention has been developed. From our previous cohort of PND patients, several single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites on ctnna2 were identified.

Non-Viral Gene Delivery Systems: Current Advances and Therapeutic Applications.

Gene therapy holds immense potential for treating genetic disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases through the targeted introduction, silencing, or precise editing of therapeutic genes. Although viral vectors exhibit exceptionally high gene transfection efficiency, their clinical application faces significant challenges, including robust immunogenicity, the insertional mutagenesis risks, complex and costly manufacturing processes hindering large-scale manufacturing, limited gene cargo capacity, and poor packaging efficiency for large genes. In contrast, nonviral vectors-such as lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), cationic polymers, and inorganic nanoparticles, offer numerous advantages, including superior safety profiles, the scalability for manufacturing, structural and functional reconfigurability in accommodating various sizes cargo.

[Preparation and targeting function evaluation of UNO peptide-modified Prussian blue nanoparticles].

The study aims to explore the methods for preparing nanocomplexes of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) with UNO peptide (UNO-PBNPs) and the functions of the nanocomplexes targeting M2-type macrophages . PBNPs were prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis method. Subsequently, the peptide UNO (CSPGAKVRC) targeting the mannose receptor was modified on their surface by a heterobifunctional coupling approach.