A deep learning strategy for accurate identification of purebred and hybrid pigs across SNP chips.

Background: Breed identification plays an important role in conserving indigenous breeds, managing genetic resources, and developing effective breeding strategies. However, researches on breed identification in livestock mainly focused on purebreds, and they yielded lower predict accuracy in hybrid. In this study, we presented a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model with multi-output regression framework specifically designed for genomic breed composition prediction of purebred and hybrid in pigs.

Bacterial Decolonization With Mupirocin Ointment for Acute Radiation Oral Mucositis Prevention: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Acute radiation oral mucositis (AROM) is a major dose-limiting toxic effect in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Reduction of severe (grade ≥3) AROM by bacterial decolonization (BD) could improve treatment tolerance and quality of life.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of BD with mupirocin nasal ointment in alleviating severe AROM compared with standard of care (SoC) by reducing Staphylococcus aureus colonization in nasal and oral mucosal during radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Carcass and Meat Quality Traits Using Genomic Information in Yorkshire Pigs.

Carcass and meat quality traits are critical in pig breeding and production. Estimating genetic parameters for these traits is a vital aspect of breeding engineering, as accurate genetic parameters are essential for estimating breeding values, predicting genetic progress, and optimizing breeding programs. This study was conducted on a population of 461 Yorkshire pigs from the same breeding farm, which were slaughtered to assess nine carcass traits and seven meat quality traits, followed by descriptive statistical analysis.

Analysis of spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Ili-Balkhash Lake Basin in Central Asia.

The Central Asian area is faced with unprecedented challenges due to the fragility of its ecological environment and under the double pressure of global warming and intensified human activities. As a typical transboundary watershed in Central Asia, the ecological system quality of the Ili-Balkhash Lake Basin (IBLB) is of vital importance to the sustainable development of the whole region. In this study, we constructed the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) for the IBLB (2000-2020) using the MODIS dataset on the Google Earth Engine platform and applied Sen's slope and Mann-Kendall (Sen-MK) trend analysis methods to assess RSEI trends.

Oral dose-volume parameters as independent predictors of severe radiation-induced mucositis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a retrospective study.

Objective: To investigate the association between clinical factors, oral dose-volume parameters during radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and the development of severe radiation-induced oral mucositis (ROM). It also aims to identify predictive risk factors for severe ROM to support preventive strategies.

Methods: Clinical data from 175 NPC patients treated at Jiangxi Cancer Hospital between July 2023 and February 2024 were analyzed.

Integrating large-scale meta-GWAS and PigGTEx resources to decipher the genetic basis of 232 complex traits in pigs.

Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying complex traits in pigs is crucial for enhancing genetic gain via artificial selection and utilizing pigs as models for human disease and biology. Here, we conducted comprehensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) followed by a cross-breed meta-analysis for 232 complex traits and a within-breed meta-analysis for 12 traits, using 28.3 million imputed sequence variants in 70 328 animals across 14 pig breeds.

Screening Natural Cholesterol Analogs to Assemble Self-Adjuvant Lipid Nanoparticles for Antigens Tagging Guided Therapeutic Tumor Vaccine.

The clinical progress of tumor nucleotide vaccines is limited due to insufficient recognition and killing of tumor cells with low antigen expression by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Here, natural cholesterol analogs are screened to assemble self-adjuvant lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for antigens tagging tumor cells and dendritic cells (DC) activation. First, a library of ginsenosides are collected, and then screened according to their anti-tumor immunity.

tumor cell engineering reverses immune escape to enhance immunotherapy effect.

The underlying cause of low response rates to existing immunotherapies is that tumor cells dominate tumor immune escape through surface antigen deficiency and inducing tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). Here, we proposed an tumor cell engineering strategy to disrupt tumor immune escape at the root by restoring tumor cell MHC-I/tumor-specific antigen complex (MHC-I/TSA) expression to promote T-cell recognition and by silencing tumor cell CD55 to increase the ICOSL B-cell proportion and reverse the TIME. A doxorubicin (DOX) and dual-gene plasmid (MAC pDNA, encoding both MHC-I/ASMTNMELM and CD55-shRNA) coloaded drug delivery system (LCPN@ACD) with tumor targeting and charge/size dual-conversion properties was prepared.

Melt-Processed, One-Step, In Situ Hierarchically Structured Porous Polymer Nanocomposite for Radiative Cooling in Hot Weather.

Porous polymeric composite materials have recently garnered significant attention for passive radiative cooling. However, challenges of solvent usage in pore formation and achieving uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrix remain major obstacles in eco-friendly construction of solar reflection/scattering structures. Here, porous polymer nanocomposites (FPCS) is presented with a hierarchically structured micropore/nanoparticle configuration, achieved by utilizing the thermal decomposition behavior of inexpensive sodium bicarbonate during universal melt processing.

Regulating tumor cells to awaken T cell antitumor function and enhance melanoma immunotherapy.

Tumor cells transmit various immunosuppressive signals and induce a dysfunctional state in T cells, which essentially leads to immune escape and tumor progression. However, developing effective strategies to counteract the domestication of T cells by tumor cells remains a challenge. Here, we prepared pH-responsive lipid nanoparticles (NL/PLDs) co-loaded with PCSK9 shRNA, lonidamine (LND), and low-dose doxorubicin (DOX).

Revolutionizing cancer treatment: the emerging potential and potential challenges of self-processed CAR cell therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell immunotherapies, including CAR-T, CAR-Macrophages, CAR-Natural Killer, CAR-γδ T, etc., have demonstrated significant advancements in the treatment of both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Despite the notable successes of traditional CAR cell manufacturing, its application remains constrained by the complicated production process and expensive costs.

Effects of saline-alkaline stress on metabolomics profiles, biochemical parameters, and liver histopathology in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

China has several saline-alkaline bodies. Studies on the adaptation of fish in saline-alkaline conditions are important for the efficient utilization of such areas. In this study, we employed a comprehensive approach combining histopathological analysis, biochemical markers, and metabolomic profiling to examine the impact of saline-alkaline stress on the liver of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Research on sound quality prediction of vehicle interior noise using the human-ear physiological model.

In order to improve the prediction accuracy of the sound quality of vehicle interior noise, a novel sound quality prediction model was proposed based on the physiological response predicted metrics, i.e., loudness, sharpness, and roughness.

Predictive ability of multi-population genomic prediction methods of phenotypes for reproduction traits in Chinese and Austrian pigs.

Background: Multi-population genomic prediction can rapidly expand the size of the reference population and improve genomic prediction ability. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have shown advantages in single-population genomic prediction of phenotypes. However, few studies have explored the effectiveness of ML methods for multi-population genomic prediction.

Remarkable Second Harmonic Generation Response in (CHNO)(CHSO): Unraveling the Role of Hydrogen Bond in Thermal Driven Nonlinear Optical Switch.

Heat-activated second harmonic generation (SHG) switching materials are gaining interest for their ability to switch between SHG on and off states, offering potential in optoelectronic applications. The novel nonlinear optical (NLO) switch, (CHNO)(CHSO) (4-hydroxypyridinium methylsulfonate, 4HPMS), is a near-room-temperature thermal driven material with a strong SHG response (3.3 × KDP), making it one of the most potent heat-stimulated NLO switches.

Pushing the Limit of Photo-Controlled Polymerization: Hyperchromic and Bathochromic Effects.

The photocatalyst (PC) zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) is highly efficient for photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. However, ZnTPP suffers from poor absorbance of orange light by the so-called Q-band of the absorption spectrum (maximum absorption wavelength λmax = 600 nm, at which molar extinction coefficient εmax = 1.0×104 L/(mol·cm)), hindering photo-curing applications that entail long light penetration paths.

A comprehensive study of the colloidal properties, biocompatibility, and synergistic antioxidant actions of Antarctic krill phospholipids.

Excipient selection is crucial to address the oxidation and solubility challenges of bioactive substances, impacting their safety and efficacy. AKPL, a novel ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) esterified phospholipid derived from Antarctic krill, demonstrates unique antioxidant capabilities and synergistic effects. It exhibits pronounced surface activity and electronegativity at physiological pH, as evidenced by a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.

Zirconium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 6-(Trifluoromethyl)-2-pyran-2-ones via C-C Bond Cleavage.

A strategy for the annulation reaction of alkynones with ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-oxobutanoate through C-C bond cleavage is described. The zirconium-catalyzed transformation provides access to a wide range of structurally diverse 6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyran-2-ones in moderate to good yields, utilizing NaCO as a base. Further transformations into trifluoromethylated arene derivatives have been demonstrated as well.

Distribution characteristics of perioperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and risk factors of postoperative DVT exacerbation in patients with thoracolumbar fractures caused by high-energy injuries.

Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of perioperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with thoracolumbar fractures caused by high-energy injuries and analyze the risk factors of postoperative DVT exacerbation.

Methods: From October 2016 to July 2021, a total of 550 patients with thoracolumbar fractures due to high-energy injuries in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Both lower limbs were examined by ultrasound before and after operation.

A Polymer Nanocomposite with Strong Full-Spectrum Solar Absorption and Infrared Emission for All-Day Thermal Energy Management and Conversion.

Realizing efficient energy utilization from the heat source of the sun and the cold source of outer space is of great significance for addressing the global energy and environmental crisis. Materials with ideal full-spectrum solar absorption and infrared emission are highly desirable for adapting to the continuous weather dynamic throughout the day, nonetheless, their development remains challenging. Here, a polymer nanocomposite with full-spectrum strong solar (280-2500 nm) absorption ranging from 88.

A Review on Cementitious and Geopolymer Composites with Lithium Slag Incorporation.

This study critically reviews lithium slag (LS) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM), thereby examining its physiochemical characteristics, mechanical properties, and durability within cementitious and geopolymer composites. The review reveals that LS's particle size distribution is comparable to fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), which suggests it can enhance densification and nucleation in concrete. The mechanical treatment of LS promotes early hydration by increasing the solubility of aluminum, lithium, and silicon.

Copper Loading-Controlled Selective Synthesis of 2,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl) and Monotrifluoromethyl-Substituted Oxazoles.

A general domino annulation reaction of sulfonylmethyl isocyanide with trifluoroacetic anhydride in the presence of copper chloride as an additive is developed. The reaction affords 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)oxazoles in modest to good yields under mild conditions. A wide variety of sulfonylmethyl isocyanide and perfluorocarboxylic anhydride substrates are amenable to this transformation.