Epidemiological characteristics and environmental contamination of monkeypox in Beijing's Chaoyang district: Field evidence from 2023 to 2024.

Objectives: The mpox outbreak in Beijing's Chaoyang District after late May 2023, this study aims to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and environmental contamination of this outbreak.

Methods: A field investigation was conducted to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of mpox cases and their living environments in Chaoyang District, Beijing, between May 2023 and May 2024. Laboratory testing, epidemiological description, and statistical analysis were conducted subsequently.

An LCN2-Dependent Positive-Feedback Loop Between Gastric Cancer Cells and Tumor-Associated-Macrophages Mediates Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Metastasis.

Lymph node (LN) metastasis is a major determinant of poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in promoting tumor metastasis and progression; however, the underlying mechanisms through which TAMs induce LN metastasis in GC remain poorly understood. This study demonstrates that low lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression is associated with increased LN metastasis and shorter survival in GC.

Single-atom Zn sites decorated with ZnO clusters by in-situ carbon reduction and limited evaporation for boosting oxygen reduction.

The regulation of electron distribution of single-atom catalysts (SACs) by metal oxide groups is an effective strategy for boosting their intrinsic activity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, it remains a challenge to precisely control synthesis and achieve high activity of the catalyst. Herein, single-atomic Zn sites decorated with ZnO clusters on porous hollow carbon spheres (Zn/ZnO@NC) was constructed by in-situ carbon reduction and limited evaporation strategy.

Epidemiological features and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: a retrospective cohort analysis in Xiamen, China.

Background: Recently, surges in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfections in China have raised public concern. We investigated the epidemiological features and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in China.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Xiamen, China (2021-2023) with two subcohorts: Delta-Omicron (cohort 1) and Omicron-Omicron (cohort 2).

Global, regional, and national burdens of pertussis among adults: a systematic analysis of age-specific trends using Global Burden of Diseases 2021 data.

Background: Despite the high coverage of childhood vaccination, pertussis remains a significant global health challenge, with increasing adult cases attributed to waning immunity and enhanced diagnostic capability. This study quantified the global burden of pertussis in adults from 1990 to 2021 and evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disease trends.

Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we assessed pertussis incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in adults, stratified by age, sex, sociodemographic factors, and geographic regions.

Comprehensive study on softness mechanisms and the metabolic pattern of key cell wall components in tobacco leaves during the curing stage.

Background: Curing is an essential process for transforming tobacco leaves into an economic product. Optimizing curing parameters to regulate the orderly senescence and apoptosis of tobacco cells serves as a direct approach to enhancing the softness of leaves and a critical guarantee of quality. Therefore, understanding the intrinsic mechanisms underlying leaf softening during curing is vital for curing conditions and improving tobacco usability.

Deconstructing biotoxicity dynamics in municipal wastewater treatment: Linkages with conventional parameters and process-based insights.

Effective conservation of aquatic ecosystem requires a thorough understanding of wastewater biotoxicity dynamics in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study conducted a comprehensive investigation of four types of biotoxicity (cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity) in extracted wastewater samples from 12 municipal WWTPs across four seasons. In vitro bioassays revealed widespread induction of these biotoxicities in concentrated wastewater.

Contribution of orchids to the carbon budget of fungi in germinating seeds of Gymnadenia conopsea.

Orchids critically rely on mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination and seedling development, but the extent to which the fungus benefits from the orchid is less clear. Recent work in arbuscular mycorrhizae has suggested that plants can provide fatty acids (FAs) to fungi, but empirical evidence in orchids remains limited. Here, we combine lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses to test the hypothesis that the germination-promoting fungus Ceratobasidium sp.

A Bifunctional Sulfone Reagent for Asymmetric Aminomethylative Sulfonylation of Dienes.

Sulfone reagents have emerged as highly versatile coupling partners in transition-metal catalysis, owing to their exceptional reactive flexibility. However, current C-SO activation strategies in sulfone reagents remain constrained to introducing single- or double-electron acceptors onto the departing sulfonyl moieties, which inadvertently diminishes the reactivity of the resulting sulfinate and prevents its reutilization. To tackle the long-standing dichotomy between C-SO bond cleavage and reconstruction, we report a neighboring nitrogen-directed C-SO activation strategy, thereby inventing a novel aminomethyl sulfone reagent.

Bletistrosides M-X, Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Compounds from the Tubers of .

Twelve new compounds, bletistrosides M-X (-), including five glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates (-), along with four neolignan glycosides (-), two phenanthrene derivatives (-), and one bibenzyl derivative (), were isolated from the tubers of (). The structures and absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data, chiroptical analysis, and chemical derivatizations. In silico, compounds , , and bound well to Aβ.

CanASM: a comprehensive database for genome-wide allele-specific DNA methylation identification and annotation in cancer.

Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) provides critical insights into the complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene transcription. Emerging evidence suggests that ASM is particularly enriched in gene enhancer regions, and recent studies have demonstrated that ASM is increased in cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Despite the increasing recognition of ASM as a potential biomarker in tumorigenesis, systematic resources dedicated to identifying and annotating ASMs in cancer contexts remain limited.

Atomistic Simulations of Thermal and Chemical Expansions of PrNiCoO Accelerated by Machine Learning Potentials.

The electrodes and solid-state electrolytes in protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) experience significant lattice expansions when exposed to high steam concentrations at elevated temperatures. In this paper, phonon calculations based on a new machine learning potential (MLP) are employed to elucidate the volume expansions of the proton-conducting PrNiCoO (PNC) lattices, manifested under a combined influence of oxygen vacancies ( ) and proton uptake ( ) in the bulk at varying Ni/Co occupancies. It is revealed that the Ni/Co occupancy contributes to thermal and chemical expansions differently, where thermal expansions are related to Co occupancy.

In Situ Construction of NiFe LDH@MoS Heterostructure with Built-in Electric Field Coupling Mo Vacancies Promotes Rapid Reaction Kinetics for Chloride Ion Batteries.

Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are promising cathode materials for chloride-ion batteries (CIBs), offering tunable interlayer structure and high theoretical capacity. However, their practical viability is constrained by poor conductivity and sluggish redox kinetics. Herein, NiFe LDH@MoS heterostructure is developed via sequential ion-exchange followed by in situ hydrothermal treatment.

Characteristics and risk factors for outcomes in patients with mono- and coinfections: A multicenter surveillance study in Wuhan, China, 2023.

Objectives: (MP) is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia, and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologies of coinfections in MP patients is lacking.

Methods And Results: We analyzed 121,357 MP cases from 522,292,680 visits in Wuhan, China, in 2023 (the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic).

Light-Driven Ligand Exchange for Palladium-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Transfer Hydrothiocarbonylation.

Transfer hydrocarbonylation of alkenes could streamline the synthesis of value-added carbonylated molecules by avoiding the use of pressurized toxic CO. Existing methods, however, are limited to the use of alcohol-derived formates or anhydrides as CO and nucleophile-surrogates, because the parallel mechanism does not work for other transfer carbonylation reagents comprising nucleophilic fragments with higher coordination affinities to transition metals. Herein, we present a novel visible-light-driven strategy to address this challenge by promoting the ligand exchange via facilitating the dissociation of CO instead of nucleophiles, upon which was also an efficient transfer hydrothiocarbonylation of olefins with thioformates successfully established.

Rapid SERS Analysis: From Laboratory to Real Sample.

On the 50th anniversary of the discovery of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), numerous reviews highlighted SERS advancements from different aspects, such as the historical evolution, enhancement mechanisms, quantitative analysis, and medical applications. However, how to develop the rapid SERS analysis for real samples has rarely been summarized yet. This review highlights the following three pivotal steps in this direction: (1) establishing reliable and highly selectively sensitive SERS analysis in the laboratory; (2) developing rapid sample pretreatment; and (3) AI-enhanced qualitative and quantitative SERS analysis.

Metabolic Shifts and Nutrient Transfer Patterns in Orchid Seeds During Symbiotic Germination.

Symbiotic germination in orchids is a complex biological process driven by a unique dependence on mycorrhizal fungi. It is generally assumed that, due to a lack of endosperm, orchids fully rely on fungi for carbon sources. However, orchid seed embryos store substantial nutrient reserves, but the metabolic functions of these reserves and their roles in establishing symbiosis during germination remain unclear.

Biomarker advancements in cerebral small vessel disease: An overview.

Cerebral small vessel disease is a condition caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion due to microvascular damage and is a major contributor to stroke and dementia. Traditionally, its diagnosis has relied primarily on neuroimaging findings. However, recent advances in the understanding of cerebral small vessel disease pathophysiology have opened new avenues for early detection and targeted therapeutic interventions.

Detection and prevalence of avian influenza epidemic in the southwest of Poyang Lake and analysis of the influence of meteorological factors.

Recently, the epidemiological profile of avian influenza has changed dramatically worldwide. Avian influenza sampling and surveillance of wholesale and retail markets in Nanchang, the largest city in the southwestern region of Poyang Lake, have been conducted since 2017. The transmission pattern of avian influenza in this region was comprehensively evaluated in multiple dimensions including time, subtype changes, seasonality and meteorological factors.

Diterpene-phenylpropanoid hybrids and structurally diverse diterpenoid monomers from the endangered conifer Podocarpus annamiensis and their bioactivities.

In this phytochemical investigation, a total of 16 previously undescribed and 27 known diterpene-related compounds were isolated from the endangered Chinese endemic conifer Podocarpus annamiensis. Podoannamiacids A (1) and B (2) represent the first examples of a new chemical class of diterpene-phenylpropanoid hybrids characterized by a unique 7'-phenyl-7',8'-dihydrobenzofuran unit. This structure is hypothesized to be biogenetically derived through the formation of newly generated C-12-C-8' and C-13-O-C-7' bonds via a free radical coupling reaction between a totarane unit and a phenylpropanoid moiety.

Enhancing surface activity and durability in triple conducting electrode for protonic ceramic electrochemical cells.

With the material system operating at lower temperatures, protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) can offer high energy efficiency and reliable performance for both power generation and hydrogen production, making them a promising technology for reversible energy cycling. However, PCEC faces technical challenges, particularly regarding electrode activity and durability under high current density operations. To address these challenges, we introduce a nano-architecture oxygen electrode characterized by high porosity and triple conductivity, designed to enhance catalytic activity and interfacial stability through a self-assembly approach, while maintaining scalability.

Flexible silver-metal-organic framework probe for highly sensitive and visual detection of tetracycline hydrochloride in freshwater fish.

Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) is commonly used in aquaculture to prevent bacterial infections, renders the detection of its residues highly crucial for ensuring the safety of aquatic products. In this study, an Ag-based metal-organic framework, Ag-dcp (Hdcp = 3-(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)-6-carboxypyridine), was synthesized through hydrothermal method. The Ag-dcp framework offers environmental advantages, including a green synthesis process and potential for sustainable, eco-friendly applications.

Corrigendum to "Transmissibility of the variant of concern for SARS-CoV-2 in six regions" [Heliyon Volume 10, Issue 11, June 15, 2024, Article e32164].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

LETA: Tooth Alignment Prediction Based on Dual-branch Latent Encoding.

Accurately determining the clinical positions for each tooth is essential in orthodontics, while most existing solutions heavily rely on inefficient manual design. In this paper, we present the LETA, a dual-branch Latent Encoding based 3D Tooth Alignment. Our system takes as input the segmented individual 3D tooth meshes in the Intra-oral Scanner (IOS) dental surfaces, and automatically predicts the proper 3D pose transformation for each tooth.

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites of Two Chinese Edible Boletes, and .

This study investigated the phytochemical profiles and bioactivities of two edible boletes from Southwestern China, and . A total of 33 secondary metabolites, comprising 15 alkaloids, 4 pulvinic acid derivative pigments, and 14 ergosterols, were isolated and identified. To our best knowledge, boletesine A (), boletesine B (), and -xerocomic acid () were previously undescribed compounds.