BiOCl@Polypyrrole metal catalysts with a core-shell structure to construct high-safety and stable lithium‑sulfur batteries.

Lithium‑sulfur batteries (LSBs) are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density and low cost. However, issues like the lithium polysulfide (LiPSs) shuttle effect, lithium dendrite growth, and flammable electrolytes hinder commercialization. In this study, we have developed a metal-based catalyst, bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) nanoflowers coated with conductive polypyrrole (Bi@Ppy), via hydrothermal synthesis.

Synergistic interfacial chemistry enabled by a multifunctional zwitterionic polymer additive for highly reversible Zn metal anodes.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries have attracted considerable interest because of their affordability and enhanced safety features. However, several key challenges like uncontrollable Zn dendrites, hydrogen evolution and corrosion side-reactions hinder their practical application. Herein, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a cost-effective zwitterionic electrolyte additive, is proposed to stabilize the Zn anodes.

Science mapping of root ecology: a bibliometric review covering 2015-2024.

Background And Aims: Root ecology has rapidly advanced as a key discipline for understanding plant adaptive strategies and ecosystem functioning. However, comprehensive assessments of its overarching framework remain limited. This study provides a global perspective by systematically analyzing research power, intellectual bases, and research frontiers in root ecology.

Cytochalasans from the fungus Chaetomium globosum with cytotoxic activities against HepG2 cell line.

Five previously undescribed cytochalasans, chaetomichalasins A-E, along with seventeen known analogues, have been isolated from the solid culture of the fungus Chaetomium globosum. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, with absolute configurations confirmed by electronic circular dichroism calculations. All compounds were assessed for their cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell line, with nine exhibiting cytotoxic activity with IC values ranging from 2.

Decomposing door-to-needle time: insights into workflow delays and quality improvement in acute stroke care.

Background: Timely administration of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) significantly improves outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, substantial variability in door-to-needle (DTN) time persists in real-world settings. This study aimed to deconstruct DTN time into distinct workflow intervals to identify key determinants of delay and inform targeted quality improvement.

Collaborative Interfacial Strategy for Constructing Cotton Fabrics with Flame Retardant, Strain Sensing, and Triple-Mode Thermal Management.

Electronic textiles are promising for wearable devices. However, wearable electronic textiles face with challenges such as weak interface binding force, difficulty in multifunctional coupling, insufficient fire safety, and the lack of fabric intrinsic properties. Herein, a flexible and wearable cotton fabric (C-P-M-Cotton) was fabricated via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic assembly, and covalent cross-linking, using TiCT MXene, phytic acid (PA), and an isocyanate-based cross-linking agent.

Effects of Subphase Conditions on the Interfacial Behavior of Partially Hydrophobized Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers.

At the air/water interface, amphiphilic block copolymers usually form surface micelles composed of hydrophobic block cores and hydrophilic block coronas. However, double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) do not contain hydrophobic blocks, and the resulting surface micelle structures have yet to be explored. The Langmuir film balance technique was used to explore the effects of subphase pH and temperature on the interfacial aggregation behavior of two DHBCs of poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]--poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate] partially quaternized with 1-iodohexane (Q) and 1-iodododecane (Q) (P(DMAEMA--QDMAEMA)--POEGMA).

Ratiometric fluorescent covalent organic frameworks for rapid detection of nitrofurans in aquatic products.

Nitrofuran (NFs) antibiotics are widely employed in livestock and aquaculture to control bacterial and fungal infections. However, their excessive use has resulted in significant environmental contamination due to their persistence and potential carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. In this study, we synthesized a fluorescent covalent organic framework (TzHTA) using 4,4',4″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) trianiline (Tz) and 2-hydroxybenzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde (HTA).

CanASM: a comprehensive database for genome-wide allele-specific DNA methylation identification and annotation in cancer.

Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) provides critical insights into the complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene transcription. Emerging evidence suggests that ASM is particularly enriched in gene enhancer regions, and recent studies have demonstrated that ASM is increased in cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Despite the increasing recognition of ASM as a potential biomarker in tumorigenesis, systematic resources dedicated to identifying and annotating ASMs in cancer contexts remain limited.

[Biomechanical study of lumbar vertebra during gait cycle in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis].

In order to investigate the mechanical response of lumbar vertebrae during gait cycle in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the present study was based on computed tomography (CT) data of AIS patients to construct model of the left support phase (ML) and model of the right support phase (MR), respectively. Firstly, material properties, boundary conditions and load loading were set to simulate the lumbar vertebra-pelvis model. Then, the difference of stress and displacement in the lumbar spine between ML and MR was compared based on the stress and displacement cloud map.

Effect of Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Dose on the Occurrence of Otitis Media and Mastoiditis in Patients With Lung Cancer With Brain Metastasis.

This study aims to investigate the incidence of acute mastoiditis in patients with brain metastases undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with brain metastases who received different doses of WBRT. The incidence of acute mastoiditis within 6 months post-radiotherapy was observed.

Diversity and functional roles of viral communities in gene transfer and antibiotic resistance in aquaculture waters and microplastic biofilms.

This study presents a comprehensive metagenomic analysis of viral communities in seawater and microplastic biofilms, uncovering their diversity, functional roles, and ecological significance. We identified 4999 DNA and 22 RNA viral operational taxonomic units. Seawater samples exhibited greater viral diversity, while microplastic biofilms harbored specialized viral assemblages with enriched metabolic functions, particularly in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.

Exploring the effect of milk protein concentrate on the physicochemical and digestive properties of fermentation-induced mung bean protein gels.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of introducing varying percentages (10-50 %) of milk protein concentrate (MPC) on the physicochemical characteristics and in vitro digestibility of fermentation-induced mung bean protein (MBP) gels. The results indicated that the storage modulus (G'), hardness, and chewiness of the MBP/MPC hybrid yogurt gel initially increased and then reduced with rising MPC levels. The MBP/MPC gel with a composition of 30 % MPC and 70 % MBP exhibited the highest G' and water-holding capacity (WHC) as well as the most uniform and dense network structure.

Exploring the nonlinear conductive properties of polymer/graphene composites at the molecular level: a machine learning approach.

Polymer/graphene (Py/GN) composites under the influence of external electric fields often exhibit unique nonlinear conducting behaviors. However, the underlying mechanism of this field effect at the molecular level is still obscure until now. Herein, the evolution of electrical properties of Py/GN composites induced by electric fields has been explored by combining high-throughput first-principles calculations with machine learning models.

annATAC: automatic cell type annotation for scATAC-seq data based on language model.

Background: Cell type annotation serves as the cornerstone for downstream analysis of single cell data. Nevertheless, scATAC-seq data is characterized by high sparsity and dimensionality, presenting significant challenges to its annotation process.

Results: We introduce a novel method based on language model, named annATAC, which is designed for the automatic annotation of cell types in scATAC-seq data.

Citral-based amide derivatives improve the antifungal activity of Kresoxim-methyl against Rhizoctonia solani.

Background: Rhizoctonia solani, the fungal pathogen causing rice sheath blight, threatens global food security. Prolonged use of Kresoxim-methyl (KM), a common fungicide, has led to resistance and reduced effectiveness. This study investigates the synergistic effects of citral-based amide derivatives with KM and explains the underlying mechanisms.

Impact of microplastics exposure on the reconfiguration of viral community structure and disruption of ecological functions in the digestive gland of Mytilus coruscus.

Microplastics (MPs) pose ecological risks by serving as viral vectors and disrupting host microbiomes. This study investigated the impact of MPs on the digestive gland virome of Mytilus coruscus through an in situ exposure experiment on Xixuan Island, Zhoushan, China, using polyethylene MPs and metagenomic sequencing. MPs biofilms were dominated by lytic viruses (> 99 %) with low diversity (Shannon index = 4.

Compatibility optimization of the traditional Chinese medicines 'Eczema mixture' based on back-propagation artificial neural network and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm.

Introduction: Chinese medicine formulas (CMF) are an important aspect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and are formulated based on strict compatibility proportions guided by TCM theory. Due to the complex chemical constituents of TCM and the diversity of evaluation indicators for a certain disease, the research strategy on how to obtain the optimal combination of these crude extracts, homologous compounds or even the specific compounds mixture becomes the key step in the study of compatibility proportion research. Therefore, in this research, the "Eczema mixture" (EM) which includes six kinds of Chinese medicinal materials for the treatment of atopic dermatitis was cited as an example to illustrate the proposed compatibility optimization strategy.

Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Axatilimab in Healthy Japanese Male Participants: Results from a Phase 1, Randomized, Double-Blind, Dose-Escalation Study.

Background: Axatilimab, an anti-colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) antibody, blocks colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34) binding to CSF-1R on macrophages and monocytes. Axatilimab has demonstrated efficacy and safety in chronic graft-versus-host disease, and its safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) were characterized in healthy Western participants.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety, PK, and PD of axatilimab among healthy Japanese men.

Cordycepsterols A-C, Anti-Inflammatory C Ergosterols with a 6/6/6/5/6-Fused Ring System from .

is a valuable edible and medicinal fungus. Its chemical composition and biological activity have become the focus of attention. In this study, three unusual C ergosterols, cordycepsterols A-C (-), have been isolated from this fungus.

The neuropeptide sulfakinin is a peripheral regulator of insect behavioral switch between mating and foraging.

Behavioral strategies for foraging and reproduction in the oriental fruit fly () are alternative options for resource allocation and are controlled by neuropeptides. Here, we show that the behavioral switch between foraging and reproduction is associated with changes in antennal sensitivity. Starved flies became more sensitive to food odors while suppressing their response to opposite-sex pheromones.

Evaluation of the influencing factors on facial development for mouth breathing children: Insights from 3D scanning technology.

Introduction: Mouth breathing is considered a predisposing factor for sleep breathing disorders which may affect facial morphology, this study investigated the effect of age, gender, and breathing pattern on children's facial morphological development.

Material And Methods: 3dMD system (3dMD Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA) was utilized to acquire 3D images of the face.

A nomogram for assisting in diagnosing mouth breathing based on maxillofacial surface electromyographic activity.

Objective: A nomogram based on maxillofacial surface electromyographic (sEMG) activities was developed to assist in diagnosing mouth breathing (MB).

Methods: Differences in maxillofacial sEMG activities between MB and nasal breathing (NB) subjects were compared across a sample of 250 participants to identify MB diagnostic factors, a nomogram was developed to assist in diagnosing MB.

Results: In the univariate analysis, there were significant differences in sEMG activity of masseter muscle with the lips closed lightly, orbicularis oris superior during rest, orbicularis oris superior with the lips closed lightly (OOS3), orbicularis oris superior during swallowing, mentalis muscle during rest, mentalis muscle during maximal intercuspation (MT2), mentalis muscle with the lips closed lightly (MT3) and mentalis muscle during swallowing between the MB and NB groups.

Genome-wide identification of five fern bHLH families and functional analysis of bHLHs in lignin biosynthesis in Alsophila spinulosa.

Background: The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. However, genome-wide studies on the bHLH gene family in ferns and their role in lignin biosynthesis remain limited. As the second largest group of vascular plants, ferns are of significant interest for understanding plant evolution and secondary metabolism.

Association between nutritional status and pneumonia in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common and serious complication in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH), contributing to prolonged hospital stays and poor outcomes. Nutritional status has been linked to the development of SAP in patients with ischemic stroke, but its role in SICH patients remains understudied. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of the Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) score for SAP in SICH patients and to compare it with other nutritional assessment tools.