Physio-biochemical regulation of drought resistance in tree species within dryland plantations.

Drought-resistance strategies play a crucial role in determining tree resilience and mortality. During drought, stomatal closure limits photosynthesis and triggers the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This process may decrease carbohydrate availability, which is key for antioxidant defense and osmoregulation.

Generation of guide star catalog for the all-time three-FOV star sensor applied on airborne platforms.

The guide star catalog plays a crucial role in the star sensor, impacting the system's star identification speed and attitude measurement accuracy. Currently, the generation method for the guide star catalog is well developed for star sensors used on satellites. However, the inter-FOV guide star catalog for the all-time three-FOV star sensor still faces challenges such as excessive storage requirements, non-uniform distribution of guide stars, and incompleteness.

Identification and characterization of a prokaryotic Mannosyl-oligosaccharide Glucosidase (MOGS) and establishment of a functional complementation assay for MOGS activity.

Mannosyl-oligosaccharide Glucosidase (MOGS) initiates glycan trimming by specifically cleaving α-1,2-linked glucose residues on glycoproteins. MOGS is a key enzyme for proper N-glycosylation, and its defects are associated with rare disease MOGS related congenital disorders of glycosylation (MOGS-CDG). Although MOGS has been identified from most of eukaryotic organisms, its existence in prokaryotic remains unclear.

High-resolution (10 m) dataset of multi-crop planting structure on the Loess Plateau during 2018-2022.

Accurate and timely information on planting intensity and crop rotation is essential for guiding agricultural policies and ensuring food security. However, reliable and up-to-date maps for major crops-wheat, maize, rapeseed, soybean, and potatoes-are lacking in the Loess Plateau, a key grain-producing region in western China. To address this gap, this study aims to generate a high-resolution (10 m) crop planting pattern dataset for the Loess Plateau from 2018 to 2022.

Differences in Intestinal Microbiota Between White and Common Cranes in the Yellow River Delta During Winter.

The avian intestinal microbiota is a vital interface for host/environment interactions, playing a pivotal role in nutrient metabolism, immune regulation, and ecological adaptation. In the Yellow River Delta region, common cranes and white cranes coexist in mixed flocks. During the winter, when food resources are scarce, studying their gut microbiota can effectively reveal the feeding patterns of these two crane species, thereby providing valuable data for crane conservation efforts.

Distinguishing very high-risk patients among high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases: development and validation of a nomogram based on a multicenter population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background: High-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are highly heterogeneous. This study aimed to developa nomogram for predicting recurrence in patients with high-risk GISTand to provide guidance for adjuvant therapy.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from 971 patients with high-risk GIST who underwent genetic testingat 13 centers in China.

[Prokaryotic expression of human Alg1 protein and analysis of the transmembrane domain properties].

As the most common type of protein glycosylation, -glycosylation begins with the synthesis of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide (DLO) precursor in the endoplasmic reticulum. The mannosyltransferase Alg1 catalyzes the addition of the first mannose molecule to DLO, serving as a key enzyme in this biochemical pathway. The defect of human gene can lead to the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), i.

Genomic insights into the mechanisms of body size evolution in Serpentes.

Background: Body size is a critical trait that influences an animal's physiology, behavior, and ecology. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its evolution remain poorly understood, particularly in snakes. Snakes exhibit an extremely wide range of body sizes and strong ecological adaptability.

Evaluation of blood supply using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and its application in spinal tumor surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the utility of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in evaluating blood supply for spinal tumors and its predictive value for intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements during spinal tumor surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 20 patients with single vertebral tumors who underwent surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Technology between December 2018 and December 2020. Patients were categorized based on DCE-MRI into two groups: those with tumors indicating rich blood supply (15 patients, with 12 undergoing preoperative embolization) and those with non-rich blood supply tumors (5 patients, without embolization).

Predictive Value of Preoperative Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and GLUT-1 expression in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Medical records of patients who were diagnosed with AGC between 2018 and 2020 at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University (Shanghai, China) were retrospectively analyzed. Finally, 182 patients were enrolled, and for each patient, SUVmax was calculated for the primary lesion on PET/CT prior to curative surgery.

Phage-host interaction in clinical isolates with functional and altered quorum sensing systems.

Quorum sensing (QS) plays a crucial role in regulating key traits, including the upregulation of phage receptors, which leads to heightened phage susceptibility in . As a result, higher cell densities typically increase the risk of phage invasions. This has led to speculation that bacteria may have evolved strategies to counterbalance this increased susceptibility.

Evolutionary analysis of genes associated with the sense of balance in semi-aquatic mammals.

Background: Semi-aquatic mammals represent a transitional phase in the evolutionary spectrum between terrestrial and aquatic mammals. The sense of balance is crucial for mammalian locomotion, and in semi-aquatic mammals, the structural foundation of this sense (the vestibular system) shows distinct morphological adaptations to both aquatic and terrestrial environments compared to their terrestrial counterparts. Despite this, the precise molecular mechanisms driving these adaptations remain elusive.

Multienzyme Cascade Synthesis of Rare Sugars From Glycerol in Bacillus subtilis.

Background: Rare sugars are valuable and unique monosaccharides extensively utilized in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Considering the high purification costs and the complex processes of enzymatic synthesis, whole-cell conversion has emerged as a significantly important alternative. The Escherichia coli strain was initially used in whole-cell synthesis of rare sugars.

Purification of harvested rainwater using gravity-driven ceramic membrane: A visualization study combining Micro-CT and COMSOL simulations.

Rainwater harvesting is a viable solution for providing clean water in regions where conventional water sources are scarce or contaminated. However, the harvested rainwater often contains microorganisms, suspended particles, and other impurities that must be removed before consumption. Gravity-driven ceramic membranes (GDCMs) are an efficient choice for purifying harvested rainwater due to their energy-saving properties.

Effect of therapeutic erythrocytapheresis on outcomes and renal benefit in patients with high-altitude polycythemia: a real-world study.

Kidney injury from high-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) is common, yet few studies have explored effective treatments. This research assessed the renal benefits of therapeutic erythrocytapheresis (TE) in HAPC patients, analyzing the efficacy of single versus multiple treatments. From 2017 to 2023, 631 patients undergoing TE were included.

Processing of N-glycans in the ER and Golgi influences the production of surface sialylated glycoRNA.

Glycoconjugates, including glycans on proteins and lipids, have obtained significant attention due to their critical roles in both intracellular and intercellular biological functions and processes. Notably, recent discoveries have revealed the presence of glycosylated RNAs (glycoRNAs) on cell surfaces. Despite the well-characterized roles of RNA modifications, RNA glycosylation remains relatively unexplored.

Migration patterns of phthalic acid esters from mulch plastic film in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum system.

Plastic film mulching is an important agricultural practice, but its release of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) poses threats to soil and human health. However, the migration patterns of PAEs during the lifecycle of mulch plastic film (MPF) remain unclear. This study aims to explore the temporal patterns of release of PAEs during the MPF's lifecycle and evaluate the migration patterns of PAEs from MPF in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) system through pot experiments and model simulations.

Chromosome-level genome provides insights into evolution and diving adaptability in the vulnerable common pochard (Aythya ferina).

The common pochard (Aythya ferina) is a freshwater diving duck found in the Palearctic region that has been classified as vulnerable by the IUCN due to continuous and rapid population declines across their distribution. To gain a better understanding of its genetic mechanism of adaptive evolution, we successfully sequenced and assembled the first high-quality chromosome-level genome of A. ferina using Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies.

Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of (Passeriformes: Fringillidae).

In this study, we employed high-throughput metagenomic data to assemble the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the European greenfinch (; Linnaeus 1758). The circular mitogenome was 16,813 base pairs (bp) in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 control region. The base composition of the mitogenome is 30.

Site-directed mutagenesis leads to the optimized transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Trypanosoma brucei.

Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) are pivotal enzymes in the degradation and remodeling of glycoproteins, which catalyze the cleavage or formation of β-1,4-glycosidic bond between two N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues in N-linked glycan chains. It was investigated that targeted mutations of amino acids in ENGases active site may modulate their hydrolytic and transglycosylation activities. Endo-Tb, the ENGase derived from Trypanosoma brucei, belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 85 (GH85).

Safety, effectiveness and the optimal duration of preoperative imatinib in locally advanced gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: The optimal duration of preoperative imatinib (IM) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, therapeutic effectiveness, and optimal duration of preoperative IM in patients with locally advanced gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).

Methods: The clinicopathologic data of 41 patients with locally advanced gastric GIST who received preoperative IM and underwent surgical resection from January 2014 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Comparative analysis of the gut microbiome of ungulate species from Qinghai-Xizang plateau.

Several studies have investigated the gut bacterial composition of wild ungulates in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. However, the relationship between their gut microbiome dendrograms and their phylogenetic tree remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed 45 amplicons (V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene) from five wild ungulates-, , , , and -from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to clarify the relationship between their phylogenies and gut microbiome dendrograms.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (bourcier & mulsant, 1848) (apodiformes: trochilidae: ) and phylogenetic analysis.

In this study, we employed high-throughput sequencing data to assemble the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the White-tufted Sunbeam (). The total length of the mitogenome was found to be 16,872 base pairs (bp), containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 control region. The nucleotide composition was as follows: A 30.