Canopy Carbon- and Water-Use Efficiencies in Response to Temperature and Water Deficit for Wheat.

The frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events increase the complexity in assessing climate change impacts on (agro)ecosystem functions and crop production. A better understanding of carbon and water fluxes for crop plants under climate change requires research based on direct canopy-scale measurements. By analysing a canopy gas exchange data set synthesised from 8 years' experimentation under semi-field conditions for the post-anthesis period of five wheat genotypes, we examined canopy carbon and water fluxes as well as carbon use efficiency (CUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) under varying environmental conditions.

Integrated screening identifies GPR31 as a key driver and druggable target for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a globally prevalent but intractable disease lacking effective pharmacotherapies. Here, we performed an integrated multilayered screening for pathogenic genes and druggable targets for MASH. We identified the subclass of metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors, specifically GPR31, a critical contributor to MASH occurrence, which, to our knowledge, was previously uncharacterized.

Research Progress on the Gc Proteins of Akabane Virus.

The Akabane virus (AKAV) is a significant member of the Orthobunyavirus genus, with its envelope glycoprotein Gc, focusing on its molecular structural features, immunoregulatory mechanisms, and application value in pathogen diagnosis and vaccine design. As a key structural protein of AKAV, Gc mediates virus adsorption and neutralizing antibody recognition through the N-terminal highly variable region (HVR), while the C-terminal conserved region (CR) dominates the membrane fusion process, and its glycosylation modification has a significant regulatory effect on protein function. In clinical diagnostics, serological assays based on Gc proteins (e.

Evaluation of electrospun composite biomaterial and porcine small intestine submucosa patch in open inguinal herniorrhaphy: A prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled, multicenter, 72-month clinical study.

The aim of this study was to compare postoperative complications and long-term clinical efficacy of electrospun composite biomaterial and porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS) patch in open inguinal herniorrhaphy. A prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled, multicenter study was used to select 172 patients with inguinal hernia who met the inclusion criteria in 3 hospitals. All participants were randomly assigned (1:1) and treated by open inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Highlights of Model Quality Assessment in CASP16.

Model quality assessment (MQA) remains a critical component of structural bioinformatics for both structure predictors and experimentalists seeking to use predictions for downstream applications. In CASP16, the Evaluation of Model Accuracy (EMA) category featured both global and local quality estimation for multimeric assemblies (QMODE1 and QMODE2), as well as a novel QMODE3 challenge-requiring predictors to identify the best five models from thousands generated by MassiveFold. This paper presents detailed results from several leading CASP16 EMA methods, highlighting the strengths and limitations of the approaches.

Dynamic Wear Modeling and Experimental Verification of Guide Cone in Passive Compliant Connectors Based on the Archard Model.

To address the wear life prediction challenge of Guide Cones in passive compliant connectors under dynamic loads within specialized equipment, this study proposes a dynamic wear modeling and life assessment method based on the improved Archard model. Through integrated theoretical modeling, finite element simulation, and experimental validation, we establish a bidirectional coupling framework analyzing dynamic contact mechanics and wear evolution. By developing phased contact state identification criteria and geometric constraints, a transient load calculation model is established, revealing dynamic load characteristics with peak contact forces reaching 206.

Comparison between sub-lobar resection and lobar resection for clinical stage IA (tumor size ≤ 2 cm) lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma with tumor spread through air spaces: A multi-center real-world study.

Background: Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has emerged as a significant prognostic factor in clinical stage IA (cIA) invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung. However, it remains unclear whether sub-lobar resection (SR) offers survival outcomes comparable to those of lobar resection (LR) in this cohort. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of SR in patients with STAS-positive cIA (tumor size ≤2 cm) IMA using large-scale, multi-center, real-world data.

Generation of guide star catalog for the all-time three-FOV star sensor applied on airborne platforms.

The guide star catalog plays a crucial role in the star sensor, impacting the system's star identification speed and attitude measurement accuracy. Currently, the generation method for the guide star catalog is well developed for star sensors used on satellites. However, the inter-FOV guide star catalog for the all-time three-FOV star sensor still faces challenges such as excessive storage requirements, non-uniform distribution of guide stars, and incompleteness.

NFIA regulates articular chondrocyte fatty acid metabolism and joint homeostasis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease with an etiology partially rooted in metabolic dysfunction, yet the underlying mechanisms in this context are not determined, limiting opportunities to develop therapeutic treatments. In this study, we used a multiomic approach combining RNA sequencing, ATAC-seq, MRE-seq, and metabolomics to reveal that OA articular chondrocytes induced by imbalanced transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling have increased fatty acid synthesis and oxidation processes regulated by nuclear factor I A (NFIA) up-regulation. Inhibition of suppressed the elevated gene expression of essential metabolic enzymes, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase A () and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (), leading to the restoration of fatty acid metabolism and cellular homeostasis in both murine and human OA articular chondrocytes.

Low-Voltage Tunable Polyvinyl Chloride/Ionic Liquid Gel-Based Lenticular Microlens Arrays for 2D/3D Switchable Displays.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel is a soft and highly transparent electroactive polymer. Compared to liquid crystal lenses and liquid lenses, PVC gel-based lenses offer advantages such as compactness, polarization independence, and immunity to gravity effects. These characteristics make them highly promising for applications in imaging, sensing, optical communication, biomedical engineering, and displays.

Preparation and printing optimization of an organic carrier for silver paste on the front side of solar cells.

The rheological properties and screen-printing behavior of silver paste on the front side of solar cells are critical for achieving high-resolution electrode patterns. This study investigates the viscosity and thixotropy of organic carriers, analyzes the screen printing performance of conductive silver paste, and systematically examines the key factors affecting grid line formation. The results indicate that shorter ethyl cellulose chains reduce the silver paste viscosity under high shear rates, enhancing its suitability for screen printing.

Transcriptome Analysis and CFEM Gene Overexpression in Under Hemocyte and Iron Ion Stress.

The "milky disease" in Chinese mitten crabs (), caused by , poses significant threats to aquaculture, though its pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study employs transcriptomic sequencing to analyze gene expression changes in under hemocyte challenge, iron overload (1 mmol/mL), and combined stress, with functional validation through Common in Fungal Extracellular Membrane (CFEMgene) overexpression strains. Key findings reveal that (1) hemocyte challenge activated base excision repair (-log[P] = 7.

Optical Autocorrelator Based on InSe-Integrated Silicon Waveguide.

We demonstrate an on-chip single-shot autocorrelator by integrating few-layer InSe onto a silicon waveguide. With the strong second-order nonlinearity of InSe, a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) signal happens when counter-propagating pulses overlap within the InSe-integrated silicon waveguide. By mapping the spatial intensity distribution of the SHG signal into the time domain, the temporal profile of the pulse and group index of the waveguide modes were characterized successfully.

Sleep efficiency and event-related potentials in patients with depression: the mediating role of serum C-reactive protein.

Background: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may experience cognitive dysfunction and sleep disorders. Limited research exists on the neurophysiological mechanisms that connect sleep efficiency and cognitive function in individuals with MDD. The study aims to investigate the link between sleep efficiency, mental abilities, and levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in individuals diagnosed with MDD.

Efficient perovskite/silicon tandem with asymmetric self-assembly molecule.

Achieving highly ordered and uniformly covered self-assembled monolayers with optimal packing configuration on textured silicon substrates remains a critical challenge for further improving the efficiency of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Here we design an asymmetric self-assembled monolayer (named as HTL201) featuring an anchoring group and a spacer flanking a carbazole core, serving as a hole-selective layer for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. When compared with symmetric self-assembled monolayers with a nitrogen-bonded phosphonic acid group, the HTL201 molecule shows minimized steric hindrance and improved coverage on the transparent conductive oxide recombination layer.

Lobectomy Versus Sub-lobectomy for Clinical Stage IA (≤2 cm) Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Tumour Spread through Air Spaces: A Multi-Centre Retrospective Study.

Objectives: The efficacy of sub-lobectomy for clinical IA (tumours ≤2 cm) lung squamous cell carcinoma with tumour spread through air spaces (STAS) remains unknown. This study compares long-term survival outcomes between sub-lobectomy and lobectomy, aiming to offer pivotal evidence for optimizing resection strategies for clinical IA STAS-positive squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Methods: Consecutive clinical IA STAS-positive squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing surgery between 2010 and 2020 at 7 high-volume institutions across 5 Chinese cities were retrospectively reviewed.

Scalable modulation of CRISPR‒Cas enzyme activity using photocleavable phosphorothioate DNA.

The regulation of CRISPR‒Cas activity is critical for developing advanced biotechnologies. Optical control of CRISPR‒Cas system activity can be achieved by modulation of Cas proteins or guide RNA (gRNA), but these approaches either require complex protein engineering modifications or customization of the optically modulated gRNAs according to the target. Here, we present a method, termed photocleavable phosphorothioate DNA (PC&PS DNA)-mediated regulation of CRISPR‒Cas activity (DNACas), that is versatile and overcomes the limitations of conventional methods.

Hyperbaric oxygen for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity syndrome after acute carbon monoxide poisoning.

JOURNAL/mgres/04.03/01612956-202603000-00002/figure1/v/2025-06-28T140100Z/r/image-tiff Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity syndrome (PSH) is common in patients with severe craniocerebral injuries. Carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) may lead to secondary PSH, and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is an important treatment method for ACOP that can promote the dissociation of carboxyhemoglobin and reduce the long-term sequelae of ACOP.

Lobar versus sub-lobar resection for clinical stage IA (≤ 2 cm) lung neuroendocrine tumor with spread through air spaces: a multi-center study.

Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) is an important prognostic factor for lung cancer, including lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The comparative oncological efficacy of lobar resection (LR) and sub-lobar resection (SR) for clinical stage IA (cIA) STAS-positive NETs remains unclear. This retrospective study aimed to review outcomes in patients with consecutive peripheral cIA (tumors ≤ 2 cm) STAS-positive NET patients (excluding small cell lung cancer) who underwent surgery between 2012 and 2020 at six high-volume tertiary Chinese institutions.

Optimizing nitrogen application frequency to enhance the post-flowering matter accumulation, yield and water/nitrogen use efficiency of densely planted and drip-irrigated maize.

Background: Maize yield stability is crucial for China's national food security. Conventional irrigation and nitrogen application methods have problems like low yield, inefficiency and environmental pollution. Optimizing water/fertilizer management is therefore imperative.

Current cutting-edge omics techniques on musculoskeletal tissues and diseases.

Musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, bone fracture, intervertebral disc degeneration, tendinopathy, and myopathy, are prevalent conditions that profoundly impact quality of life and place substantial economic burdens on healthcare systems. Traditional bulk transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have played a pivotal role in uncovering disease-associated alterations at the population level. However, these approaches are inherently limited in their ability to resolve cellular heterogeneity or to capture the spatial organization of cells within tissues, thus hindering a comprehensive understanding of the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases.

Base editors in zebrafish: a new era for functional genomics and disease modeling.

Base editing has revolutionized genome engineering by enabling precise single-nucleotide modifications without inducing double-strand breaks. As a powerful and efficient gene-editing tool, base editors (BEs) have been widely applied in various model organisms, including zebrafish (), to facilitate functional genomic studies and disease modeling. Zebrafish, with its genetic similarity to humans and rapid development, provides an excellent platform for testing and optimizing emerging base editing technologies.

Enhanced hemodynamic stability and patient satisfaction with ciprofol-remifentanil versus propofol-remifentanil for sedation in shorter-duration fiberoptic bronchoscopy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofol-remifentanil versus propofol-remifentanil in patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB).

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial, 209 patients undergoing FOB were enrolled and equally divided into two groups ( = 106 each). The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) under the registration number ChiCTR2400081603.

Minimally invasive surgery could be attempted with preoperatively predictable difficulty for non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy: A large multicenter study.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. However, it presents significant surgical challenges, leading to controversy over the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive surgery. This study aims to assess the adequacy of minimally invasive surgery and preoperatively predict its difficulty for non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.

Practical research on the cultivation of inter-disciplinary undergraduate nursing talents in the context of "big health".

Objective: Exploring the construction and effectiveness of a inter-disciplinary undergraduate nursing talent cultivation model in the context of"great health".

Methods: Adopting cluster sampling method, undergraduate nursing students enrolled in 2019 and 2020 were selected as the research subjects. The students who entered the school in 2019 were selected as the control group, who was cultivated according to"applied talent"cultivation model, Correspondingly, the students who entered the school in 2020 were selected as the experimental group, who was cultivated according to"inter-disciplinary talent"cultivation model.