Research Progress on the Gc Proteins of Akabane Virus.

Vet Sci

Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal, Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Animal Science and Technology, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China.

Published: July 2025


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Article Abstract

The Akabane virus (AKAV) is a significant member of the Orthobunyavirus genus, with its envelope glycoprotein Gc, focusing on its molecular structural features, immunoregulatory mechanisms, and application value in pathogen diagnosis and vaccine design. As a key structural protein of AKAV, Gc mediates virus adsorption and neutralizing antibody recognition through the N-terminal highly variable region (HVR), while the C-terminal conserved region (CR) dominates the membrane fusion process, and its glycosylation modification has a significant regulatory effect on protein function. In clinical diagnostics, serological assays based on Gc proteins (e.g., ELISA, immunochromatographic test strips) have been standardized; in vaccine development, the neutralizing epitope of Gc proteins has become a core target for subunit vaccine design. Follow-up studies were deeply needed to analyze the structure-function interaction mechanism of Gc proteins to provide theoretical support for the construction of a new type of AKAV prevention and control system.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12390303PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080701DOI Listing

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