Awake Flexible Bronchoscopy Intubation Practice Among Otorhinolaryngology Surgery: An Observation Study Based on Practice Video Recordings and Clinical Data.

Background: Patients with airway pathologies are at higher risk for difficult intubation, making Awake flexible bronchoscopy intubation (AFBI) an essential technique. This study aimed to describe the baseline characteristics, procedural details, and outcomes of AFBI regarding otorhinolaryngology surgery.

Methods: This single-centre, observational study included 147 adult patients who underwent a standardised AFBI protocol for otorhinolaryngology surgery patients at Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University between January 1, 2022 and July 31, 2023.

An explainable radiomics-based machine learning model for preoperative differentiation of parathyroid carcinoma and atypical tumors on ultrasound: a retrospective diagnostic study.

Background: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) and atypical parathyroid tumors (APT), constituting rare endocrine malignancies, demonstrate overlapping clinical-radiological presentations with benign adenomas. This study aimed to investigate the predictive performance of three radiomics-based machine learning models for the identification of PC/APT from solitary parathyroid lesions using ultrasound.

Methods: This retrospective diagnostic study analyzed 913 surgically-confirmed parathyroid neoplasms (mean age 54.

Promoted osteogenesis on calcium modified surface of stainless-steel lattice produced by selective laser melting.

Stainless steel has been widely used as an implant material for its good biocompatibility, suitable mechanical strength, and high corrosion resistance. However, its biomedical applications suffer from delayed healing due to its high density and stiffness. Here we proposed body-centered cubic lattice structures with various unit sizes to adjust the density and stiffness of 17-4 PH stainless steel implants to simulate the bone structure and mechanical performance.

Association of Neutrophil/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study and Predictive Model Construction.

Objective: The neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) has been identified as a combined indicator of inflammatory cells and lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the NHR and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional study selected patients with T2DM who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology at the First Hospital of Zhangjiakou City.

A Promising Attenuated Rhabdovirus Vaccine Candidate Conferring Dual-Route Protection Against MSRV Disease in Largemouth Bass ().

Background/objectives: Largemouth bass rhabdovirus ( rhabdovirus, MSRV) disease causes high mortality in largemouth bass farming. Therefore, vaccine development is critical for largemouth bass prevention against MSRV.

Methods: An attenuated strain, denoted as MSRV-0509, was selected through intraperitoneal injection and immersion challenge assays, followed by plaque purification.

Predicting the low-level and extremely low-threshold compounds in Baijiu: uniform manifold approximation and projection.

In the flavor analysis of Baijiu, the identification of compounds exhibiting high flavor dilution factors but displaying minimal or undetectable response signals in analytical measurements, remains a significant challenge in current research. To clearly elucidate the correlation between the structure of odorants and their odors in Baijiu, a "compound-aroma" database consisting of 646 compounds and their known associated odors (70 aroma descriptors) has been compiled. Each individual compound was coded with 1024-bit molecular fingerprints and analyzed by K-means and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP).

Research on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Manta Rays Using a 2D CFD Model.

Currently, the most commonly used method to study the hydrodynamic performance of manta rays is computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. In this research, we investigated the effects of kinematic parameters-specifically wave number, amplitude, and frequency-on the hydrodynamic performance of manta rays during the swimming process by constructing a 2D CFD model. First, we verified the reasonableness of the 2D simulation.

Emerging technologies in airway management: a narrative review of intubation robotics and anatomical structure recognition algorithms.

In recent years, the medical field has seen significant advancements in the field of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI). However, many healthcare professionals still find these technologies unfamiliar and complex, especially regarding their use during airway management. This review covers the current capabilities of robots and AI in tracheal intubation (TI), providing new insights that advocate for the broader adoption of these technologies to improve airway management.

Balancing H Adsorption/Desorption by Localized 4f Orbital Electrons of Lanthanide Dopants in Carbon-Encapsulated MoP for Boosted Hydrogen Evolution.

MoP is one of the most efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, molybdenum ion exhibits a strong adsorption ability for H due to the abundant states in the conduction bands associated with the dispersed nature of Mo 4d electrons, which is difficult to change through interactions with other transition metal dopants of d orbital electrons. Herein, lanthanide (Ln: La, Ce, Sm, Gd, and Yb) dopants of localized 4f orbital are used to hybridize with d and p orbitals of MoP to balance the H adsorption energy to significantly enhance the HER activity.

Improving Laser Powder Bed Fusion IN718 Process Development Efficiency by Eliminating Pore Defects of Specified Size.

The rapid identification of process windows in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing garnered significant attention for its ability to reduce upfront engineering costs. This study focuses on accelerating the development of process windows by targeting the elimination of specific-size pore defects in L-PBF IN718. A novel relative density-porosity similarity evaluation method (DPSEM) is introduced to evaluate the reliability of porosity data derived from computed tomography (CT).

A retrospective study on a nomogram combining clinical and ultrasound parameters for differentiating solitary parathyroid adenoma from carcinoma or atypical tumors.

Objective: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) and atypical parathyroid tumor (APT) are rare malignant parathyroid disorders with varying degrees of recurrence risk. The aim of this study was to determine an effective model for discriminating PC/APT among solitary parathyroid lesions.

Methods: A total of 439 patients with histologically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism were retrospectively enrolled.

Applications of Microextraction Technology for the Analysis of Alcoholic Beverages Quality: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.

Alcoholic beverages are loved by the majority of consumers because of their diverse characteristics and rich nutritional value; thus, ensuring their quality is necessary for maintaining the rapid development of the alcoholic beverage industry. Due to trace levels of various quality factors and the complexity of the beverage body matrix, pretreatment is usually required before analysis. Among the many pretreatment methods available, microextraction has attracted increasing attention because it aligns with the development direction of green chemistry.

Ventral pallidum GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons modulate arousal during sevoflurane general anaesthesia in male mice.

Background And Purpose: The induction and emergence of general anaesthesia involve an altered process of states of consciousness, yet the central nervous system mechanisms remain inadequately understood. The ventral pallidum (VP) within the basal ganglia is crucial in sleep-wake modulation. However, its involvement in general anaesthesia and the underlying neuronal mechanisms are not well elucidated.

Multiple Functional Engineering Strategies and Active Site Identification in Ru-Based Electrocatalysts for Catalytic Conversion Reactions.

Electrochemical conversion has been regarded as an ideal technology for achieving clean and sustainable energy, showing significant promise in addressing the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution. Ru-containing electrocatalysts (RUCE) outperform other precious metals due to elevated intrinsic activity and superior cost-effectiveness, developing into a promising candidate for electrochemical conversion reactions. A significant challenge in the field of catalyst discovery lies in its heavy reliance on empirical methods, rather than approaches that are rooted in rational design principles.

Remote Hands-on Training versus On-site Hands-on Training for Flexible Optical Intubation: A Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Simulation-based training for flexible optical intubation (FOI) is effective but costly and often unavailable in remote areas. Online, hands-on training using affordable, shippable models could be a feasible alternative.

Methods: In this noninferiority randomized controlled trial, 30 participants with fewer than 5 FOI experiences were assigned randomly to either remote or on-site hands-on training groups at a 1:1 ratio.

Linaggrenoids A-I, structurally diverse lindenane sesquiterpenoids with anti-hepatic fibrosis effects from Lindera aggregata.

Linaggrenoid A (1), a highly rearranged lindenane sesquiterpenoid, together with eight undescribed lindenane sesquiterpenoid linaggrenoids B-I (2-9) and eight known analogs (10-17), were isolated from the root tubers of Lindera aggregata. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were established using spectroscopic and computational methods, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Linaggrenoids A and H (1 and 8), featuring a 5/6/3 and 3/5/6 carbocyclic ring system, respectively, demonstrated potential as anti-hepatic fibrosis agents by suppressing the expression of fibronectin, collagen I, and α-smooth muscle actin in TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells.

Asprecosides A-J, ten new pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides with cytotoxic activity from the roots of Ilex asprella.

Phytochemical study of the n-BuOH extract of Ilex asprella resulted in the discovery of ten new pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides, comprising nine ursane-type glycosides (1-9) and one oleanane-type glycoside (10), along with seven known compounds (11-17). Compound 1 is the first reported 19,22-epoxy ursane triterpenoid glycoside, whereas 4 and 5 are rare examples of ursane triterpenoid glycosides containing a 28,19-lactone group. The structural characterization of these compounds was achieved using spectroscopic and chemical techniques, as well as single-crystal X-ray analysis.

Alpinoblonoids A and B, Two 16--Labdane-Related Diterpenoids with a Tricyclic Carbon Skeleton from .

Alpinoblonoids A () and B (), two 16--labdane related diterpenoids featuring 2,6,6,10,11-pentamethyltricyclo[8.4.0.

An efficient hydrogen evolution catalyst constructed using Pt-modified NiS/MoS with optimized kinetics across the full pH range.

Electrocatalyst materials play a crucial role in determining the efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), directly influencing the overall effectiveness of energy conversion technologies. NiS/MoS heterostructures hold substantial promise as bifunctional catalysts, owing to their synergistic electronic characteristics and plentiful active sites. However, their catalytic efficacy is impeded by the relatively elevated chemisorption energy of hydrogen-containing intermediates, which constrains their functionality in different pH environments.

Stearic acid metabolism in human health and disease.

Named after the Greek term for "hard fat", stearic acid has gradually entered people's field of vision. As an important component of various physiological cellular functions, stearic acid plays a regulatory role in diverse aspects of energy metabolism and signal transduction. Its applications range from serving as a bodily energy source to participating in endogenous biosynthesis.

Multifunctional Strategies of Advanced Electrocatalysts for Efficient Urea Synthesis.

The electrochemical reduction of nitrogenous species (such as N, NO, NO , and NO ) for urea synthesis under ambient conditions has been extensively studied due to their potential to realize carbon/nitrogen neutrality and mitigate environmental pollution, as well as provide a means to store renewable electricity generated from intermittent sources such as wind and solar power. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics and the scarcity of active sites on electrocatalysts have significantly hindered the advancement of their practical applications. Multifunctional engineering of electrocatalysts has been rationally designed and investigated to adjust their electronic structures, increase the density of active sites, and optimize the binding energies to enhance electrocatalytic performance.

Arrayed metal phosphide heterostructure by Fe doping for robust overall water splitting.

Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) show promise in water electrolysis due to their electronic structures, which activate hydrogen/oxygen reaction intermediates. However, TMPs face limitations in catalytic efficiency due to insufficient active sites, poor conductivity, and multiple intermediate steps in water electrolysis. Here, we synthesize a highly efficient bifunctional self-supported electrocatalyst, which consists of an N-doped carbon shell anchored on Fe-doped CoP/CoP arrays on nickel foam (NC@Fe-CoP/NF) using hydrothermal and phosphorization techniques.