A multi-tissue single-cell expression atlas in cattle.

Systematic characterization of the molecular states of cells in livestock tissues is essential for understanding the cellular and genetic mechanisms underlying economically and ecologically important physiological traits. Here, as part of the Farm Animal Genotype-Tissue Expression (FarmGTEx) project, we describe a comprehensive reference map including 1,793,854 cells from 59 bovine tissues in calves and adult cattle, spanning both sexes, which reveals intra-tissue and inter-tissue cellular heterogeneity in gene expression, transcription factor regulation and intercellular communication. Integrative analysis with genetic variants that underpin bovine monogenic and complex traits uncovers cell types of relevance, such as spermatocytes, responsible for sperm motility and excitatory neurons for milk fat yield.

Case Report: Ultrasound-guided interventional diagnosis and treatment of gastrosplenic fistula caused by lymphoma.

Gastrosplenic fistula is a rare complication, most often secondary to gastric or splenic lymphoma. Severe gastrosplenic fistula can cause life-threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding, making early diagnosis and intervention critical for a favorable prognosis. Currently, surgical intervention remains the primary treatment; however, outcomes are often suboptimal.

Divergent Synthesis of 1-Azabicyclo[n.1.1]alkane Bioisosteres via Photoinduced Palladium Catalysis.

Nitrogen heterocycles are indispensable structural motifs in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. However, the development of new synthetic methods to access these frameworks remains a significant challenge. Here, we describe a switchable radical approach for the synthesis of 1-azabicyclo[2.

Pharmacokinetics and pre-systemic biotransformation of a deuterated clopidogrel-ferulic acid conjugate in rats.

To address the low biotransformation efficiency and high interindividual variability of clopidogrel (Clop), we developed a novel deuterated Clop-ferulic acid derivative (Dclop-FA), featuring an FA ester pharmacophore at the C2 and a deuterated methyl ester at the C7 position. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that a single oral dose of Dclop-FA achieved 6.0-fold greater systemic exposure to the active metabolite versus equimolar coadministration of Clop and FA.

Optimization of needle punched nonwoven filter media for enhanced dust filtration performance.

Nonwoven fabrics play a critical role in filtration applications due to their unique structural properties, including high porosity, irregular structure, and customizable fiber arrangements. These characteristics make them ideal for various filtration purposes, from industrial air filters to indoor air filters for HVAC and engine air filters for automobiles. To this end, polypropylene fibers were spun at two different finenesses (1.

Multigenerational Heat Selection Enhancing Thermal Acclimation and Transcriptional Response of Hsps to Heat Stress in Male Adults.

In this study, using a multigenerational heat selection design, we investigated the possible pattern of thermal acclimation and the background mechanism in . Results show that heat selection significantly shortened the larval and pupal developmental duration, which was maintained in the four tested generations. Significant costs to reproduction were found in the first two generations, but they recovered in the following generations.

Functional role of in the detoxification of spinetoram and development of .

has evolved resistance to many biological insecticides, resulting in significant annual agricultural and economic losses. Glutathione -transferases (GSTs) are one of the major insect detoxification enzyme systems. However, the detoxification metabolism of GSTs in against biological insecticides remains poorly understood.

Graph-sequence enhanced transformer for template-free prediction of natural product biosynthesis.

Natural products (NPs) play a vital role in drug discovery, with many FDA-approved drugs derived from these compounds. Despite their significance, the biosynthetic pathways of NPs remain poorly characterized due to their inherent complexity and the limitations of traditional retrosynthesis methods in predicting such intricate reactions. While template-free machine learning models have demonstrated promise in organic synthesis, their application to biosynthetic pathways is still in its infancy.

Delicate preparation of in-situ biochar zirconium dioxide using the one-step method of repairing tailings with Pennisetum Hydridum: electrode study of symmetrical (snap-on) supercapacitor.

Utilizing plant-derived electrode materials with natural multi-channel structure for supercapacitors is an effective approach for developing sustainable energy and innovatively utilizing agricultural waste. In this study, based on the green synthesis strategy of recycling waste resources, Pennisetum Hydridum loaded zirconium dioxide composite electrode materials were prepared by low-temperature annealing under argon protection using the natively grown Pennisetum Hydridum in rare earth tailings as precursors. The process accomplished the recovery of carbon resources while realizing the ecological restoration of tailings.

Transcriptomic insights into the molecular mechanism of abietic acid promoting growth and branching in .

, a valuable edible and medicinal fungus, is essential for the symbiotic cultivation of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb . Abietic acid, a plant-derived secondary metabolite, modulates microbial growth and metabolism. This study investigates the effects of abietic acid on growth and branching using phenotypic analysis and transcriptomic approaches to uncover underlying molecular mechanisms.

Activin A promotes bovine pituitary FSH synthesis and secretion through the cooperative action of the SMAD signaling pathway and FOXO3†.

The pituitary gland is an important endocrine organ in living organisms and is divided into two parts: the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted by the adenohypophysis can act on the granulosa cells of the ovary to promote follicle development and maturation. Activin A is a dimeric protein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily that promotes FSH secretion from the pituitary gland.

Genetic evidence reveals phosphatidylcholine as a mediator in the causal relationship between omega-3 and multiple myeloma risk.

Previous observational studies have indicated that omega-3 may reduce the risk of various cancers. However, the relationship between omega-3 and the incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a systematic Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between omega-3 and the risk of developing MM, while also exploring the potential mediating role of plasma lipids in this association.

Knockdown of LINC00467 inhibits gastric cancer progression by modulating the sequestration of miR-141-3p.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies globally, with notable morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies, recurrence and metastasis remain major challenges, highlighting the need for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in various types of cancer, including GC, which can influence tumor progression through diverse mechanisms.

Evaluation of anti-CyHV-2 effects of star anise (Illicium verum) aqueous extract.

Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a virus that triggers Herpesvirus Hematopoietic Necrosis Disease, presents a major challenge for goldfish and related species. Previous studies have reported that quercetin inhibits viral replication by suppressing phosphorylation of AKT, the core protein of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study further found that quercetin also has anti-CyHV-2 effects in vivo.

Effects of Continuous High-Voltage Alternating Electric Field Treatment on the Color, Lipid Oxidation, and Myofibrillar Protein of Pork During Cold Storage.

High-voltage electric field technology is a promising strategy for meat preservation. However, there is limited research on the application of high-voltage alternating electric fields (HVAEF) for meat refrigeration. In this study, the effects of HVAEF-assisted refrigeration on pork quality, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation were investigated.

Predictive value of inflammatory marker PLR in prostate cancer.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the correlation between inflammatory markers and prostate cancer with a good-quality predictive model.

Methods: The original dataset was randomly split into a training set (70%) and a validation set (30%). Logistic regression was used to examine the related risk factors within the training set.

Inflammatory responsive hydrogels incorporated with bevacizumab-loaded infinite coordination nanopolymers for accelerating cartilage repair.

Cartilage injury repair remains challenging because of its unique physical structure and pathological micro-environment, including vascular invasion and inflammatory environment. In this study, inflammatory responsive hydrogels (TA-Mg@Bev iHGs) reinforced by bevacizumab (Bev)-loaded infinite coordination nanopolymer (TA-Mg@Bev) were fabricated for accelerated cartilage repair via anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. The incorporation of TA-Mg@Bev iHGs enhanced the mechanical strength of TA-Mg@Bev via phenolic hydroxyl group-mediated hydrogen bond, enabling a sustained drug release under inflammatory environment.

Drop jump performance differences between ACL-injured and healthy semi-professional male soccer players.

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in lower-body neuromuscular performance characteristics between ACL-injured athletes and their healthy counterparts, including peak take-off and landing force asymmetries. Forty-four semi-professional male soccer players volunteered to participate in the present investigation, from which 16 had previously undergone ACL reconstruction procedures and 28 were healthy controls. Following the warm-up completion, athletes performed three non-consecutive drop jumps (30 cm) with no arm swing while landing on a uni-axial force plate system sampling at 1,000 Hz.

Streptomyces secundicynarae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from the leaves of Cynara scolymus.

A novel actinobacterium strain, designated HUAS ZL42, was isolated from the leaves of Cynara scolymus. Its taxonomic position was characterized using a polyphasic method. Strain HUAS ZL42 produced spiral spore chains consisting of rod-shaped or ovoid spores with smooth surfaces on Gause's synthetic No.

Molecular hydrogen protects against sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy through improving Golgi stress-mediated autophagy, inflammation and apoptosis.

Background And Purpose: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is the primary cause of mortality among people with sepsis. Hydrogen (H) has a cardioprotective effect in SIC; however, its specific mechanism remains unclear. We thus explored whether 2% H treatment mitigates SIC through inhibiting Golgi stress and investigated the specific molecular pathways underlying this protective effect.

Engineered iron-sulfur carriers for efficient mixotrophic and sulfur autotrophic denitrification in low carbon to nitrogen ratio municipal wastewater: Mechanisms of biofilm enhancement and electron transfer promotion.

Sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) offers a sustainable solution for nitrogen removal in low carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) municipal wastewater, yet its efficiency and startup time pose significant challenges. To overcome these, we developed iron-sulfur-modified carriers (FeS@MC) and integrated them into an in-situ sequencing batch reactor (S-Fe-SBR), which successfully achieved rapid startup (16 days) of SAD under low C/N conditions. The mechanisms revealed that FeS@MC's hierarchical porous structure promoted biofilm colonization and selective enrichment of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (e.

Pseudorabies virus induces natural killer cell depletion by GSDMD-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis to promote infection and lung injury.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection induces a hyperinflammatory response to promote inflammatory injury in multiple tissues. However, the relative mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we first confirmed that PRV infection could trigger pyroptosis to cause lung injury, evidenced by the increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in lung tissue of infected piglets and mice.

Cosolvent Electrolyte Design for High-Voltage Aqueous Zinc-Sulfur Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-sulfur batteries (AZSBs) offer cost and safety advantages but face challenges related to severe cell polarization. Herein, we introduce a cosolvent, ,-diethylformamide (DEF), in the ZnSO electrolyte to facilitate the sulfur cathode conversion reaction. Compared to Zn(HO), the reconstructed solvated [Zn(HO)DEF] in the cosolvent electrolyte exhibits a narrower HOMO-LUMO gap (0.