Association of pulmonary function with the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: The causal association between pulmonary function and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether low pulmonary function has a causal relationship with the risk of AD.

Methods: We conducted prospective cohort and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies.

Exercise workload: a key determinant of immune health - a narrative review.

The total exercise workload is an important factor influencing immune health. Appropriately prescribed physical activity can mitigate the detrimental effects of chronic inflammation, bolster the body's defenses against both infectious and non-infectious diseases, and decelerate the immunosenescence process. Physiological and immune system responses to moderate and strenuous exercise workloads vary markedly.

Prevalence and risk factors of neck pain among middle-aged and older adults in China: a cross-sectional study from the CHARLS cohort.

Aim: To investigate neck pain prevalence and risk factors pain in China.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Setting: Nationwide study conducted in China.

Advances in steroid purification for novel techniques in carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry of doping control.

Doping detection is a critical tool for maintaining fairness in competitive sports. Steroids are widely abused due to their ability to promote protein synthesis, enhance muscle growth, and improve athletic performance, leading to significant unfair competition. Carbon isotope ratios (CIRs) are effective in distinguishing between endogenous and exogenous steroid sources, making steroids an ideal target for isotope ratio analysis in anti-doping analysis.

Associations of sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity during out-of-school time and the risk of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: a dose-response and isotemporal substitution analysis.

Background: For students, sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), and physical activity (PA) all have a direct impact on overweight and obesity. However, out-of-school time SB, PA, and sleep have not been adequately studied for their effects on overweight and obesity. We aim to explore the correlations among PA, SB, sleep duration, and the likelihood of excess body weight in youth during out-of-school hours, focusing on dose-response relationships and isotemporal substitution effects.

Links between short-chain fatty acids and osteoarthritis from pathology to clinic via gut-joint axis.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the primary metabolites produced by the microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the gut, have a key role in protecting gut health. Increasing evidence indicates SCFAs can exert effects on distant tissues and organs beyond the gut via blood circulation. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease that severely diminishes the physical function and quality of life.

Real-world effectiveness of rezvilutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy in patients with low-volume, metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: The CHART study established the combination of rezvilutamide and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as a standard treatment for patients with high-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, the therapeutic outcomes of this regimen in patients with low-volume mHSPC remain insufficiently defined. This study thus aimed to assess the real-world effectiveness of rezvilutamide combined with ADT in the treatment of low-volume mHSPC.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy manipulates PGC1α stability and governs energy metabolism under thermal stress.

Thermogenic proteins are down-regulated under thermal stress, including PGC1α· However, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we addressed that chaperone-mediated autophagy could regulate the stability of PGC1α under thermal stress. In mice, knockdown of Lamp2a, one of the two components of CMA, in BAT showed increased PGC1α protein and improved metabolic phenotypes.

Organic amendments derived from Chinese herb residues enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality by enriching key microorganisms.

Ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF), a key metric reflecting soil health, has been proven to be positively influenced by organic amendments. Chinese herb residues (CHR), rich in bioactive compounds and with lower ecological risks, are regarded as a promising source for organic amendments. Therefore, we conducted a greenhouse experiment with four treatments: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), single application of CHR-OA (OA), and partially replacing chemical fertilizers with CHR-OA (OA-CF), aiming to explore the regulatory mechanism of CHR-OA addition to EMF.

Influence of Depression on Pain and Disability in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain after Physical Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Depressive complications in chronic pain are detrimental to rehabilitation. This study was aimed at determining the influence of the presence of depressive symptoms on the efficacy of physical therapy among participants with chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Methods: Data was collected from a randomized controlled trial on 113 participants with CLBP.

Fermented chrysanthemum stem as a source of natural phenolic compounds to alleviate tomato bacterial wilt disease.

Natural antimicrobial compounds (NACs) in the plant stem are crucial for replacing conventional synthetic pesticides in the control of soil-borne diseases, and microbial fermentation can enhance their concentration and bioactivity. In this study, the stems of 10 plant species were collected for fermentation by probiotic bacteria T-5 to identify the most effective plant resource for controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease and discover key NACs. Chrysanthemum stem was identified as an optimal fermentation substrate, as its water-soluble extracts (WSEs) significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic and effectively alleviated tomato wilt under greenhouse conditions.

Nicotine promotes the progression and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by modulating the OTUB1-c-Myc-EZH2 axis.

Smoking has been identified as a major risk factor for the development and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As a key component of tobacco smoke, nicotine is believed to play a significant role in promoting NSCLC growth and progression. EZH2 is an epigenetic regulator highly expressed in the tumor tissues of smokers.

Predicting badminton outcomes through machine learning and technical action frequencies.

The application of machine learning techniques to predict badminton match outcomes through the analysis of technical actions seems to represent an area that has not yet been extensively investigated within the existing body of research. This study aims to interpret this phenomenon by developing a predictive model based on the frequency of technical actions, utilizing machine learning techniques. Focusing on international competitions from 2019 to 2023, we collected data on 23 distinct technical actions (e.

Exercise and exerkines: Mechanisms and roles in anti-aging and disease prevention.

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by increased inflammation and susceptibility to various age-related diseases, including cognitive decline, osteoporosis, and type 2 diabetes. Exercise has been shown to modulate mitochondrial function, immune responses, and inflammatory pathways, thereby attenuating aging through the regulation of exerkines secreted by diverse tissues and organs. These bioactive molecules, which include hepatokines, myokines, adipokines, osteokines, and neurokines, act both locally and systemically to exert protective effects against the detrimental aspects of aging.

Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening identifies ITGA8 responsible for abivertinib sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma.

The emergence of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) has improved the prognosis for lung cancer patients with EGFR-driven mutations. However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs poses a significant challenge to the treatment. Overcoming the resistance has primarily focused on developing next-generation targeted therapies based on the molecular mechanisms of resistance or inhibiting the activation of bypass pathways to suppress or reverse the resistance.

Gene Doping Detection From the Perspective of 3D Genome.

Since the early 20th century, the concept of doping was first introduced. To achieve better athletic performance, chemical substances were used. By the mid-20th century, it became gradually recognized that the illegal use of doping substances can seriously endangered athletes' health and compromised the fairness of sports competitions.

Myofibroblasts derived type V collagen promoting tissue mechanical stress and facilitating metastasis and therapy resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with a dismal 5-year survival rate, particularly for Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Mechanical changes within the tumor microenvironment, such as extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and fibroblast activity, play pivotal roles in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the specific impact of the basement membrane (BM) on the mechanical characteristics of LUAD remains unclear.

Effects of weight-bearing dance aerobics on lower limb muscle morphology, strength and functional fitness in older women.

Objective: To investigate the effects of 12-week weight-bearing dance aerobics (WBDA) on muscle morphology, strength and functional fitness in older women.

Methods: This controlled study recruited 37 female participants (66.31y ± 3.

Identification of prognostic m6A modification patterns and score system in melanoma patients.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification on RNAs and LncRNAs. It plays an important role in cancer stem cell differentiation, T cell differentiation, and immune homeostasis. In this study, we explored the potential roles of m6A modification of RNA in melanoma and investigated the immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment in diverse m6Aclusters and different m6Ascore groups.

Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with failure of physical therapy in chronic low back pain: a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The effect of physical therapy on pain and disability alleviation in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) has been demonstrated, but the risk factors for treatment failure remain unknown.

Aim: To explore the associations of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics with treatment failure after physical therapy intervention for cLBP.

Design: A secondary analysis of a single-blind randomized clinical trial.

[Retracted] miR‑660‑5p is associated with cell migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma.

Following the publication of the above article, the authors contacted the Editorial Office to explain that a couple of errors concerning data handling/labelling had been made, firstly during the preparation of the representative images in Fig. 3B, resulting in the wrong image being selected for the data panel showing the ACHN cells treated with 'Inhibitor NC' at 0 h experiment, and secondly in Fig. 5A, resulting in the wrong image being selected for the data panel showing the ACHN cells treated with 'Inhibitor NC' experiment.

HIIT Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization and Sympathetic Nerve Density to Induce Adipose Tissue Browning in T2DM Mice.

Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a focus of research in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolism, which may be a potential molecular mechanism for high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to improve T2DM. In this study, male wild-type mice were subjected to an 8-week HIIT regimen following T2DM induction through a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection. We found that HIIT improved glucose metabolism, body weight, and fat mass in T2DM mice.

[Retracted] Oncogenic miR-23a-5p is associated with cellular function in RCC.

Following the publication of this article, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that, for the invasion and migration assay data shown in Fig. 4 on p. 2314, three pairs of data panels were overlapping, such that data which were intended to show the results from differently performed experiments were obtained from a smaller number of original sources.