Long-term efficacy and immunopersistence of an -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine: an observational extension study following a randomised, double-blind Phase III clinical trial cohort.

Background: A safe and highly efficacious -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine (Cecolin®) offers a cost-effective cervical cancer prevention measure. Here, we report data on the long-term efficacy and immunopersistence up to 10 years post-vaccination.

Methods: In the Phase III clinical trial (NCT01735006), 7372 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive the HPV or control vaccine (hepatitis E vaccine).

Bioinspired micro-nano photonic materials.

The development of micro- and nano-scale photonic materials represents a cornerstone of modern science and technology. Nature, as a master architect, has served us with the most compelling and time-tested innovations and bio-designs. From the vibrant iridescent wings of butterflies to the anti-reflective eyes of moths, biological systems have long perfected the art of light manipulation through intricate micro- and nanoscale architectures.

Unlocking microbiota potential: the role of organic copper in enhancing healthy white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) farming.

Background: Microbiota sequencing has emerged a powerful tool for advancing aquatic nutrition research. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated the host microbiota's response to trace minerals. This study examined the role of organic copper supplementation in promoting the health of farmed white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) from a microbiota perspective.

Method of invigorating spleen and replenishing kidney and resolving phlegm for obesity-type polycystic ovary syndrome: a network meta-analysis and summary of herbal prescription regularity.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Invigorating Spleen and Replenishing Kidney and Resolving Phlegm Prescription (ISRKRPP) in treating obesity-type polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to analyze the prescription regularity through data mining technology.

Methods: Databases were retrieved up to September 30, 2024. RCTs on obesity-type PCOS treated with ISRKRPP and Western medicine (WM) were included.

Hepatic CBP/p300 Orchestrate Amino Acid-Driven Gluconeogenesis through Histone Crotonylation.

The role of amino acid metabolism dysregulation in the development of type 2 diabetes remains elusive. Here, significant associations of human CREBBP/EP300 gene polymorphisms with circulating amino acid and glucose levels are reported. Through integrated transcriptomic, metabolomic, and CUT&Tag analyses, the molecular mechanisms underlying these correlations are investigated.

Distribution and extended triage of high-risk human papillomavirus genotyping based on vaginal self-sampling.

Background: To investigate the overall and type-specific prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in China across different age groups and regions and to evaluate the triage of HPV-positive cases.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study recruited a total of 20 103 women aged 30-59 years from 13 provinces in China. Self-collected vaginal samples were tested for 14 HR-HPV types using next-generation sequencing or multiplex real-time PCR assays.

Network pharmacology and experimental validation reveal Thiamphenicol ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice via inhibition of intestinal senescence and modulation of the NF-κB/AMPK signaling pathway.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC), as a prevalent subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the colonic mucosa, impaired intestinal barrier function, and recurrent clinical manifestations such as diarrhea and hematochezia. Recent studies have revealed that cellular senescence plays a pivotal role in UC pathogenesis, wherein senescent cells exacerbate intestinal inflammation through the secretion of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which primarily consists of pro-inflammatory factors. Thiamphenicol (TP), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, has exhibited promising anti-inflammatory and senescence-modulating properties beyond its conventional antimicrobial effects.

Modulation of the immune microenvironment using nanomaterials: a new strategy for tumor immunotherapy.

The complexity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which is composed of mainly tumor cells, immune cells, and cytokines, is a major obstacle limiting the effectiveness of immunotherapy, and the interactions among these factors in the TIME determine the efficacy of antitumor immunity. Over the past few years, nanomaterials, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, multifunctionality, and good targeting ability, have gradually become important tools for modulating the immune microenvironment. By precisely delivering immunomodulatory factors, nanomaterials can effectively activate dendritic cells (DCs), enhance the function of effector T cells, and reverse the immunosuppressive state of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).

Evaluation and application analysis of animal models of PIPNP based on data mining.

The aim of this study is to systematically retrieve, synthesize, and assess methodologies employed in the development of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (PIPNP) animal models, with the objective of optimizing protocols for model construction and evaluation. A structured search strategy was implemented using the terms "Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain" OR "Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain" AND "animal models" OR "rats" OR "mice" OR "experimental animals" across the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases. Identical search criteria were applied to the PubMed and Web of Science platforms.

Identification of conformational epitopes on VP1 of Senecavirus A by monoclonal antibodies and phage display.

Senecavirus A (SVA) has caused widespread outbreaks across various countries, leading to significant economic losses in the swine industry. Virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NAbs) play a crucial role in investigating host-virus interactions, facilitating vaccine development, and preventing SVA infections. In this study, eight NAbs targeting VP1 were generated, identifying seven distinct antigenic epitopes.

Deviations From Normative Functioning Underlying Emotional Episodic Memory Revealed Cross-Scale Neurodiverse Alterations Linked to Affective Symptoms in Distinct Psychiatric Disorders.

Background: Affective symptoms are a prevalent psychopathological feature in various psychiatric disorders. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are complex and not yet fully understood.

Methods: We used normative modeling to establish a reference for functional activation of functional magnetic resonance imaging based on an emotional episodic memory task, which is frequently used to study affective symptoms in psychiatric disorders.

Dietary enzyme complex improve the growth performance, digestive ability, antioxidant capacity and immunity, and glycometabolism in Penaeus vannamei fed high-plant-protein diets.

In this study, six isonitrogenous and isolipid diets were formulated. A diet containing 12 % fishmeal was used as the fishmeal control group (PC). By using composite plant protein sources (soybean meal, peanut meal, and low-gossypol cottonseed meal) to partially replace fishmeal, a high-plant-protein diet with 4 % fishmeal was formed.

Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain in cancer: animal models and related research progress.

Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, has shown substantial efficacy in cancer treatment. However, its associated side effects, particularly chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP), continue to challenge cancer survivors globally. Clinically, it frequently presents as numbness, coldness, and discomfort in the limbs and extremities.

Structural characterization of a fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme and its antagonistic effect on T cell proliferation-inhibition induced by CAFs.

A water-soluble sulfated polysaccharide, SFAP-4, was isolated from Sargassum fusiforme via ion-exchange and gel-filtration column chromatography. It comprised a large amount of fucose (Fuc), minor amount of galactose (Gal), and small amounts of glucose (Glc), mannose (Man), rhammnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl) and glucuronic acid (GlcA). Structural analysis showed that SFAP-4 has very complex structure.

Sustainable Synthesis of 3-Acylmethylated Coumarins via Photoredox Catalytic Radical Addition/Cyclization in Aqueous Media.

A photoredox catalytic cascade radical reaction for the addition/cyclization of arylalkynoates with α-bromoketones in water at room temperature has been developed, offering a green and efficient approach for synthesizing 3-acylmethylated coumarins. This method eliminates the need for conventional organic solvents, phase-transfer catalysts, and excess oxidants, ensuring operational simplicity and environmental sustainability. The reaction is scalable, accommodates a broad array of substrates with outstanding tolerance for functional groups, and offers a versatile route to biologically valuable coumarins.

Boundary-Induced Topological Chiral Extended States in Weyl Metamaterial Waveguides.

In topological physics, it is commonly understood that the existence of the boundary states of a topological system is inherently dictated by its bulk. A classic example is that the surface Fermi-arc states of a Weyl system are determined by the chiral charges of Weyl points within the bulk. Contrasting with this established perspective, here, we theoretically and experimentally discover a family of topological chiral bulk states extending over photonic Weyl metamaterial waveguides, solely induced by the waveguide boundaries, independently of the waveguide width.

Organic Trace Mineral Source Enhances the Bioavailability, Health Status, and Gut Microbiota Community in White Shrimp ().

Trace mineral supplementation is critical for shrimp aquaculture sustainability, yet the bioavailability of conventional inorganic forms remains suboptimal. The study investigated the effects of inorganic (IM) and organic (OM) trace mineral premixes at varying doses on growth, physiological responses, and gut microbiota in white shrimp (). Five experimental diets were formulated: a basal control (no supplementation), full-dose IM (IM100), half-dose IM (IM50), half-dose OM (OM50), and one-third dose OM (OM33).

The prevalence and risk factors of pulmonary embolism in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: An increased prevalence of PE has been found in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). Early identification of risk factors for the development of PE in patients with AECOPD and intervention is important. Therefore, we comprehensively pool and analyze the prevalence and risk factors of PE among patients experiencing AECOPD, aiming to provide valuable insights for clinical-based diagnostic determination and prevention of PE in the AECOPD patient population.

Socioeconomic disparities in hygiene behaviors and their association with urinary metal levels in Chinese preschoolers.

The relationship between personal hygiene and the risk of communicable diseases is well established, with socioeconomic status recognized as a significant factor in this context. Given that infectious diseases, environmental pollutants, and metals share pathways of entry into the human body, this study sought to investigate the correlation between hygiene practices and urinary metal levels in preschool-aged children. A cross-sectional analysis involving 1,477 preschoolers was conducted where urinary concentrations of 23 metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Revealing the Mechanisms of Shikonin Against Diabetic Wounds: A Combined Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Investigation.

Shikonin (SHK) possesses extensive pharmacological effects including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties for diabetic wound (DW), while its molecular mechanism remains to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanisms of SHK in treating DW by combining network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. We obtained potential targets for SHK and DW from the publicly available database.

TEAD4 promoted proliferation and metastasis of gallbladder cancer by regulation of TMPRSS4.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, often diagnosed at advanced stages. TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) has been implicated in mediating the progression of various cancers, but its function and underlying mechanism in gallbladder cancer remain unclear. This study assessed the expression levels of TEAD4 and TMPRSS4 using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.

Pharmacokinetics modulation in solid tumors through thrombin-embedded nanomedicine.

The development of anti-tumor nanomedicines grapples with the critical challenge of achieving sustained retention and massive intratumoral distributions of chemotherapeutics. Herein, we attempted multifaceted prodrug nanomedicine with precise spatiotemporal responsiveness, integrating dual prodrugs-redox-responsive SN38 and pH-responsive thrombin and ensuring drug release coinciding with the striking tumor acidity and reductive stress, while its spatial selectivity is directed by the overexpression of integrins on cancerous cells. Most importantly, the thrombin component induces vascular occlusion within tumors, leading to normalization of the elevated interstitial fluid pressure and promoting accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents.

Evaluation of the combined impact of aflatoxin B1 and deoxynivalenol fed to Penaeus vannamei and mitigation properties provided by a yeast cell wall extract.

The purpose of this study was to examine how white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) responded to varying concentrations of combined mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and deoxynivalenol (DON)) as well as the mitigating effects of an adsorbent (yeast cell wall extract, YCWE). The experiment comprised of five groups receiving isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets: CON (control group), LDA (CON with 20 μg/kg AFB1 and 1500 μg/kg DON), HDA (CON with 100 μg/kg AFB1 and 3000 μg/kg DON), LDAM (LDA with 0.2 % YCWE), and HDAM (HDA with 0.

Nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery for immunotherapy of digestive tract tumors.

The incidence and mortality rates of digestive tract tumors, especially gastric and colorectal cancers, are high worldwide. Owing to their unique advantages, such as efficient drug loading, safety, and targeting properties, nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated great potential in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. However, their practical application is limited by several factors, such as high costs, few clinical trials, and long approval periods.

Evolutionary Relationships of the 1a Subclade Species Based on Complete Mitogenomes, and Novel Markers for Their Differentiation.

is a genus of oomycetes that includes many aggressive pathogens capable of devastating farmlands and forests worldwide. Among the oldest and most well-known species, exhibits morphological and genetic similarities to other homothallic species within subclade 1a, which complicates the understanding of their evolutionary relationships. This study primarily compared seven strains from diverse origins with three closely related species in subclade 1a, utilizing mitogenome sequences for analysis.