Epidemic dynamics and clinical characteristics of HIV-1 CRF07_BC_N and CRF07_BC_O in Shanghai, 2017-2023.

The rapid expansion of CRF07_BC is primarily driven by the CRF07_BC_N (07BC_N) lineage, with its proportion surpassing that of CRF01_AE in China. However, the intra-host evolution and clinical characteristics of CRF07_BC remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted systematic surveillance of newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Shanghai from 2017 to 2023.

Pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus infection triggers lipophagy through the AMPK-PNPLA2/ATGL signaling pathway to promote viral replication.

Macroautophagy/autophagy facilitates the catabolic process by degrading lipids within lysosomes, thereby maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. However, the precise mechanism by which bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) induces autophagy to reprogram lipid metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we determined that BVDV infection depletes ATP and simultaneously induces the reprogramming of intracellular lipid metabolism.

A sprayable TQ/Ce6@SAB/F-gel for accelerating wound healing via hypoxia-tolerant photodynamic therapy and immune-metabolic pathway.

Chronic diabetic wounds are characterized by hypoxia, persistent microbial infection, and impaired healing, posing significant challenges to conventional therapies. Herein, we present a novel sprayable double-network hydrogel platform designed to achieve efficient antimicrobial activity and accelerated wound repair under hypoxic conditions by leveraging a type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and immune-metabolic regulatory strategy. Specifically, we employ salvianolic acid B (SAB) to form a self-assembled hydrogel (SAB-gel) and incorporate fibrin to construct a robust and acidic double-network SAB/F-gel with enhanced mechanical strength and acidic environment.

Effects of Modification Technology on Soybean Protein Isolate: Physicochemical Characteristics, Protein Conformation, and Gel Properties.

Plant-based protein products hold a crucial position in the food industry in response to the demand for sustainable development. The effects of pH-shifting, fibrillation treatment (SPF), and mild heating on the physicochemical characteristics, protein conformation, and gel properties of soy isolate protein (SPI) were studied. The result showed that pH-shifting induced a reduction of the smallest particle size from 323.

Multi-omics insights into the regulatory mechanism of citric acid in silage fermentation.

A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of citric acid (CA) on silage fermentation, and then used whole-plant cassava silage as a model to explore the underlying microbiological mechanisms with metagenomic and metabolomic data. The meta-analysis revealed that CA supplementation increased the dry matter, crude protein, water-soluble carbohydrate, and lactic acid contents in silage, but decreased the pH, dry matter loss, and the contents of fiber, NH-N, and acetic acid, all of which meet the expectations for an ideal silage additive. The fermentation parameter responses of whole-plant cassava silage to CA were consistent with those in the meta-analysis.

Establishment of AI-assisted diagnosis of the infraorbital posterior ethmoid cells based on deep learning.

Objective: To construct an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted model for identifying the infraorbital posterior ethmoid cells (IPECs) based on deep learning using sagittal CT images.

Methods: Sagittal CT images of 277 samples with and 142 samples without IPECs were retrospectively collected. An experienced radiologist engaged in the relevant aspects picked a sagittal CT image that best showed IPECs.

In operando optical characterization of organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors for unraveling charge transport and doping dynamics-A perspective.

Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) are a unique class of soft, conjugated polymeric materials. The simultaneous electronic and ionic transport of OMIECs enables a new type of device, namely, organic electrochemical transistors, among other emerging technologies. However, the dynamic nature-where charge transport, doping kinetics, and morphological changes occur concurrently-poses significant challenges in the characterization and understanding of OMIECs.

Colossal Barocaloric Effect in Liquid Crystals via Cascade Order-Disorder Transitions.

The order-disorder transition plays a pivotal role in the exploration of barocaloric materials, exemplified by the recent discovery of colossal barocaloric plastic crystals. Among the various candidates undergoing order-disorder transitions, liquid crystals stand out as a particular category with cascade solid-smectic-nematic-liquid phase transitions, which endow them with great potential as high-performance barocaloric materials. Herein, we report the barocaloric properties and the underlying entropy change mechanism of a series of length-tunable liquid crystals (4'-alkyl-4-cyanobiphenyl, CB, = 5, 6, 7, and 8).

A case of gigantic ovarian thecoma with normal estrogen during puberty.

Thecoma is a rare type of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor, accounting for about 0.5% to 1.0% of ovarian tumors.

A novel carrier-free nanoparticle with stable distinctive three-dimensional structure for tumor-targeted precision chemoimmunotherapy.

Despite significant advancements in oncology, cancer remains a leading global health burden, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we present a novel carrier-free tumor-targeted nanomedicine system (DPA NPs) for tumor-targeted chemoimmunotherapy, formed by self-assembly of a conjugate synthesized with doxorubicin (DOX), tumor-homing peptide iRGD, matrix metalloproteinase 2 enzyme responsive peptide (MMP2), and adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). The results demonstrated that DPA NPs exhibited a stable unique 3D nanostructure with tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive properties.

Evaluation and heterogeneity of the green total factor productivity of Shandong Province, China: a super-SBM and GML analysis.

As a pioneering zone for the transformation of old and new growth drivers, the characteristics and issues manifested by Shandong Province during the course of industrial structure adjustment and economic transformation can best represent the green transformation and sustainable development of the Chinese economy. On the basis of multidimensional panel data from 2007 to 2020, this study employs the superefficiency slack-based measure (super-SBM) model, which considers undesirable outputs, and the global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) index to measure the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of 16 cities in Shandong Province and analyzes the dynamic characteristics of GTFP and its growth drivers from three dimensions-overall characteristics, regional differences, and urban scale levels. The results show that (1) the GTFP of Shandong Province exhibited a year-on-year decline before 2011, transformed into slow growth during 2011-2015, and then presented rapid growth after 2015.

Highly Sensitive Triple-Network Hydrogels Enable Advanced Sensing for Next-Generation E-Skins.

In this work, a highly sensitive, flexible, and stable hydrogel is developed for electronic skin with a triple-network structure composed of polyacrylamide monomer (PAAM), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), PEDOT:PSS, and Fe⁺ coordination bonds. The hydrogel exhibits exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, including high tensile strength (91.2 kPa), extensibility (1210%), conductivity (178.

Research Progress on the Application of Neutralizing Nanobodies in the Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections.

Public health crises triggered by viral infections pose severe threats to individual health and disrupt global socioeconomic systems. Against the backdrop of global pandemics caused by highly infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and Ebola virus disease (EVD), the development of innovative prevention and treatment strategies has become a strategic priority in the field of biomedicine. Neutralizing antibodies, as biological agents, are increasingly recognized for their potential in infectious disease control.

CD38-Targeting Peptide Vaccine Ameliorates Aging-Associated Phenotypes in Mice.

Antiaging vaccines have recently been found to elicit long-term benefits in slowing the aging process. Meanwhile, high CD38 expression in organs is an aging characteristic contributing to a decreased NAD/NADH ratio. Thus, in the current study, we systematically investigate the effects of a CD38-targeting peptide vaccine (CD38-vaccine) on aging-associated phenotypes in mice.

Structural characterization of a fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme and its antagonistic effect on T cell proliferation-inhibition induced by CAFs.

A water-soluble sulfated polysaccharide, SFAP-4, was isolated from Sargassum fusiforme via ion-exchange and gel-filtration column chromatography. It comprised a large amount of fucose (Fuc), minor amount of galactose (Gal), and small amounts of glucose (Glc), mannose (Man), rhammnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl) and glucuronic acid (GlcA). Structural analysis showed that SFAP-4 has very complex structure.

Enhancer RNA-mediated transcriptional regulatory programs reveal the malignant progression of glioma.

To systematically investigate the molecular and pathological mechanisms of enhancer RNA (eRNA)-mediated transcriptional regulation in glioma recurrence and progression, transcriptomic, regulatome, and genomic data were integrated to analyze eRNA behavior in lower-grade gliomas (stages II/III) and glioblastomas (stage IV). Most eRNAs exhibited dynamic expression during glioma progression, regulated by master transcription factors (TFs) and affected by genomic mutations. The constructed perturbed TF-mediated eRNA-promoter regulatory landscape revealed that rewiring eRNA-promoter networks contributed to glioma malignancy.

Exploring FKBP12's Role in Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Rice.

Rice, as the largest consumer of global freshwater resources, faces significant challenges due to increasing drought conditions exacerbated by climate change. In this study, we explore the critical role of FKBP12, a molecular chaperone protein, in modulating drought tolerance in rice. Utilizing a T-DNA insertional mutant (fkbp12) and FKBP12-overexpressing lines, we investigated the gene's influence on rice under various drought conditions.

Pressure-induced symmetry breaking and robust Mo clusters ( = 0) in kagome compounds MMoO (M = Zn, Fe).

This study explores the high-pressure behavior of ZnMoO and FeMoO, both composed of MoO clusters, through synchrotron X-ray diffraction, high-pressure Raman spectroscopy, and electrical transport measurements. The results reveal that both compounds undergo similar structural phase transitions from the hexagonal 6 phase to the monoclinic 2 phase at elevated pressures. High-pressure Raman spectroscopy further shows the emergence of new vibrational modes and a gradual softening of the A mode, both of which are closely associated with the structural phase transition and potential breathing behavior of the Mo clusters.

Time series analysis of the impact of air pollutants on influenza-like illness in Changchun, China.

Background: Emerging evidence links air pollution to respiratory infections, yet systematic assessments in cold regions remain limited. This study evaluates the short-term effects of six major air pollutants on influenza-like illness (ILI) incidence in Changchun, Northeast China, with implications for air quality management and respiratory disease prevention.

Methods: ILI surveillance data from Changchun were extracted from "China Influenza Surveillance Network" and the ambient air quality monitoring data of the city were collected from 2017 to 2022.

How does successfully colonize the nasal cavity.

() is a clinically significant opportunistic pathogen, and its colonization of the nasal cavity increases the risk of infections in humans. Elucidating the mechanisms of nasal colonization by would be beneficial in preventing infections, although this is intricate. The colonization of the nasal cavity by depends firstly on the organism's ability to adhere to the nasal cavity, with surface components such as ClfB, IsdA, and wall teichoic acid playing an important role.

Genomic epidemiology and phylodynamics of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream isolates in China.

In recent decades, Acinetobacter baumannii has become a major global nosocomial pathogen, with bloodstream infections (BSIs) exhibiting mortality rates exceeding 60% and imposing substantial economic burdens. However, limited large-scale genomic epidemiology has hindered understanding of its population dynamics. Here, we analyzed 1506 non-repetitive BSI-causing A.

Risk factors analysis and nomograph model construction of unplanned readmission for ischemic stroke within 31 days in Wenzhou.

Objective: To investigate independent risk factors for unplanned readmission of ischemic stroke patients within 31 days in Wenzhou, and establish a nomogram model for risk prediction.

Methods: A total of 3,035 patients with ischemic stroke were randomly grouped (in an 8:2 ratio) into 2,428 training set and 607validation set. Independent sample -test, Pearson chi-square test, Fisher's exact and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the factors associated with 31-day unplanned readmission in ischemic stroke, and the nomogram was established and validated.

Economic burden of infective endocarditis in Zhejiang region from 2007 to 2016.

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) has attracted widespread public attention. However, studies on its economic burden remain scarce.

Methods: This retrospective study aimed to collect data on the clinical characteristics of patients with IE from electronic medical records and estimate the economic burden with disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Spatial heterogeneity and interaction mechanism of human activity intensity and land-use carbon emissions along the urban-rural gradient: A case study of the Yellow River Delta.

Advancing our understanding of the spatial heterogeneity and interaction mechanism between human activity intensity (HAI) and land-use carbon emissions (LCE) along the urban-rural gradient holds significant importance for achieving integrated carbon reduction in urban-rural development. Therefore, this study focused on the Yellow River Delta as the study area and introduced the gradient analysis method to establish gradient rings and gradient bands respectively, with the city center as the origin; meanwhile, and applied the improved human footprint modelling and LCE accounting methods, Lorenz curve & Gini coefficient, and cross-wavelet analysis to quantify the gradient differences of HAI and LCE and their equilibrium, directionality and spatial multi-scale correlations. The findings showed that: 1) In the urban-rural gradient rings and gradient bands, the mean levels of HAI and LCE exhibited certain characteristics of the ring structure, with high-value and low-value areas alternating.

Hybrid AHP-VIKOR methodology for multi-criteria decision-making in marine renewable energy systems: Optimizing DC-DC buck converters for sustainable offshore applications.

The increasing demand for sustainable offshore energy solutions necessitates efficient power conversion technologies that minimize environmental impact while ensuring reliable energy delivery. The DC-DC buck converter plays a crucial role in marine renewable energy systems, optimizing power conversion for offshore wind, wave, and floating solar applications. However, selecting the most efficient and sustainable converter requires balancing efficiency, reliability, cost, thermal performance, and size under harsh marine conditions.