Tetramethylpyrazine improves the structure and function of mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane and liver fibrosis.

Introduction: Morphological and functional abnormalities of mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM) have emerged as a key mediator of organelle dysfunction during liver fibrosis. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was investigated as a potential therapy for liver fibrosis with an unclear mechanism.

Objectives: Considering the changes of MAM quantity and gap distance during liver fibrosis, we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms and their potential as therapeutic targets for TMP in inhibiting liver fibrosis.

Clinical efficacy and regulatory mechanisms of Shi Pi Zeng Ye formula in treating functional constipation comorbid with depression: integrating clinical observation, mass spectrometry, bioinformatics, and molecular docking.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Shi Pi Zeng Ye Formula (SPZY), a traditional Chinese herbal compound, is empirically used for qi and yin replenishment and has been prescribed for managing functional constipation (FC) comorbid with depression. Although its clinical efficacy is recognized, the active constituents and their precise mechanisms of action in treating FC comorbid with depression have yet to be fully determined.

Aim Of The Study: This research aims to elucidate the efficacy and mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of SPZY on FC comorbid with depression, employing a single-arm study design alongside mass spectrometry, network pharmacology, and molecular docking.

Long-term efficacy and immunopersistence of an -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine: an observational extension study following a randomised, double-blind Phase III clinical trial cohort.

Background: A safe and highly efficacious -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine (Cecolin®) offers a cost-effective cervical cancer prevention measure. Here, we report data on the long-term efficacy and immunopersistence up to 10 years post-vaccination.

Methods: In the Phase III clinical trial (NCT01735006), 7372 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive the HPV or control vaccine (hepatitis E vaccine).

Multi-Omics Mendelian Randomization Reveals Causal Oxidative Stress Genes in Androgenetic Alopecia.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has now become a common disorder, yet treatment options remain relatively limited. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee drinking have become habitual, and it is widely believed that these lifestyle factors contribute to AGA. Likely, as researches have reported, oxidative stress-related multi-omics genes are reviewed as risky factors for AGA, which have been proven related to lifestyles mentioned above.

Disturbance of cytoskeleton induced by ligustilide promotes hepatic stellate cell senescence and ameliorates liver fibrosis.

Inducing the senescence of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for liver fibrosis, with potential connections to the Yes-associated protein (YAP)-controlled cGAS-STING pathway. However, the regulatory role of cytoskeletal dynamics on HSC senescence and its potential as a target for natural products have remained poorly understood. We employed preclinical and transcriptome analyses, experimental systems, Tmem173 mice and liver-specific STING knockdown mice to demonstrate the anti-fibrotic effects and mechanism of ligustilide (LIG).

Skeletal stem cells, a new direction for the treatment of bone and joint diseases.

Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) are tissue-specific stem cells characterized by their capacity for self-renewal and their position at the apex of the differentiation hierarchy. They can generate mature bone cell types essential for bone development, maintenance, and repair. Lineage tracing experiments have demonstrated that SSCs reside in the bone marrow, periosteum, and the resting zone of the growth plate.

Pharmacometabolomics uncovers key metabolic changes in the first-in-human study of β-lapachone derivative.

Introduction: WK0202, a β-lapachone derivative under clinical development, activates NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), acting as a detoxifying and antioxidant agent. In this study, a metabolomics investigation of β-lapachone derivatives in humans is performed to characterize drug-induced alterations in endogenous metabolic pathways.

Objectives: This study investigated metabolic alterations induced by WK0202 administration and their potential association with its therapeutic mechanism and efficacy.

Beyond application: How soil physicochemistry mediates pesticide uptake and bioaccumulation in rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis).

Pesticides in agriculture and forestry carries significant environmental contamination risks due to inefficient delivery. Understanding how pesticides are absorbed and accumulated in plants is crucial for optimizing their effectiveness and minimizing their environmental impact. This study investigates the uptake and accumulation of seven pesticides: imidacloprid, tricyclazole, carbendazim, pyrimethanil, triadimefon, prothioconazole, and pyraclostrobin, in rubber tree tissues under hydroponic and soil conditions.

STRaM: A genetic framework for improved cell product provenance for research and clinical translations.

Multiple assessment checks are required to handle the increasingly complex engineered-cell and cell-line provenance. To manage the biosafety and efficacy demands, we developed a bioinformatic pipeline for de novo profiling of short tandem repeats and mutations (STRaM) to identify and track homologous edited/engineered cells. The core technology of STRaM comprises an error-sensing bioinformatic pipeline with 3 analysis modules (STR analysis, STR flanking analysis and EMS analysis) for profiling, and an integrated assessment system with three indices for the respective reporting of identity, purity and genetic modifications of tested cells.

Influence mechanisms of particle concentration and oil content on the formation and stability of rice bran protein-based Pickering emulsion.

This study is dedicated to fabricating rice bran protein particles (RBPPs) through a thermal-acid modification strategy and exploring their potential as Pickering emulsifiers. The results confirmed that compared with rice bran protein (RBP), RBPPs exhibited enhanced hydrophobicity, reduced interfacial tension, and favorable wettability (83.4 ± 5.

Cardioprotective effect of Yiqi Huoxue decoction on post-myocardial infarction injury mediated by Ca flux through MAMs.

Background: Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) regulate cellular Ca and contribute to cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. The IP3R-GRP75-VDAC1 complex is the primary MAMs pathway regulating Ca flux and cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis. Yiqi Huoxue decoction (YQHX), a Traditional Chinese Medicine formula, shows potential for myocardial infarction (MI) prevention and treatment.

Impact of X-Waiver Elimination on Post-Hospital Discharge Buprenorphine Prescribing: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of the X-waiver elimination on buprenorphine prescribing following hospital discharge in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX, an aggregated electronic health record (EHR) research network containing the de-identified EHR data from over 60 million patients. Hospitalized adult patients with OUD were identified using diagnostic and discharge procedure codes between January 2022 and June 2023, spanning 1 year before and 6 months after waiver elimination.

Main lobe shifting and splitting of 2D symmetric Airy beams via digital phase modulation.

Main lobe shifting and splitting phenomena of Airy beams are theoretically investigated based on the spatial light modulator (SLM) method. By digitally modulating the phase masks on the SLM, the single main lobe of the 2D symmetric Airy beam shifts to its neighboring side lobe. This results in the main-lobe splitting and the formation of a two-main-lobe state.

Postoperative oxygen saturation and surgical-site infection after major non-cardiac surgery: A retrospective analysis.

Objective And Background: Tissue hypoxia impairs wound healing, oxidative killing by neutrophils, and production of superoxide radicals, thus potentially increasing susceptibility to bacterial infections. We tested the primary hypothesis that postoperative hypoxemia, defined as the area under curve (AUC) for oxygen saturation below 90 %, is associated with increased incidence of a 30-day composite of surgical site infections, wound complications, sepsis, and in-hospital mortality in patients recovering from noncardiac surgery.

Methods: We included adult inpatients who had major noncardiac surgery and continuous postoperative oximetry for 48 h or until discharge.

Alopecia Induced by Cosmetic Injection Procedures: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Alopecia resulting from cosmetic injections is a rare occurrence, yet its increasing prevalence highlights the need for understanding and managing this condition. This review seeks to clarify the known causes of alopecia following cosmetic procedures and the mechanisms involved. It also highlights the risk and draws attention to the growing number of reports linking cosmetic injections to post-procedure alopecia.

Non-invasive light flickering reinstates visual plasticity in adult mice via lipocalin 2.

Background: Light flickering, a non-invasive stimulation technique over recent years, has shown a promising therapeutic potential for brain dysfunctions. However, the mechanisms by which this visual stimulus exerts its beneficial effects are largely unknown.

Results: Here, we found that 7 days of 1 h 20 and 40 Hz light flickering promoted visual plasticity in primary visual cortex of adult mice.

Dynamic changes in composition during processing of Lonicerae japonicae flos black tea.

Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF) black tea is a fermented tea and it is hypothesized that microbial communities have an important role in shaping the functional and aroma components during processing. This study investigated dynamic compositional changes during LJF black tea processing using GC-IMS, LC MS, and microbiome analysis. Chemical analysis showed that processing was associated with increased content of functional components such as quinic acid, kaempferol, and luteolin, as well as aroma components such as acetic acid ethyl ester, 1-hexanol, and nonanal.

Cultivation and metabolic versatility of novel and ubiquitous chemolithoautotrophic from mangrove sediments.

Chemolithoautotrophic members from the class are dominant key players in sulfidic habitats, where they make up a stable portion of sulfide-oxidizing bacterial communities. Nevertheless, few isolates have so far been cultivated and studied , and most are derived from chemosynthetic ecosystems, limiting our understanding of their physiological and metabolic features as well as ecological roles in the global marine environments. In this study, seven potentially new species were successfully isolated from mangrove sediments and further diverged into three potentially new genera within the class .

Senkyunolide A ameliorates cholestatic liver fibrosis by controlling CLCC1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum Ca release.

Cholestatic liver disease is characterized by highly accumulated bile acids and cholangiocyte proliferation, resulting in the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately liver failure necessitating liver transplantation. Calcium (Ca) signaling is commonly dysregulated in cholestasis and serves as an important regulator mediating cell proliferation. However, the role of Ca-mediated cholangiocyte proliferation and treatment strategies in bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver injury remains poorly understood.

Alcohol Consumption and Melanoma in a Prospective United States Cohort Study: Results from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.

Background: Alcohol consumption is a modifiable lifestyle factor linked with multiple forms of cancer. There is a relative paucity of prospective data on the associations between alcohol consumption and melanoma subtypes.

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the associations of total alcohol consumption and different types of alcoholic beverages on risk of malignant melanoma (MM) and melanoma in situ (MIS) among 469,828 participants of the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study.

Chondroblastoma of the femoral head:current and future therapeutic options.

Chondroblastoma of the femoral head is a benign tumor originating from immature chondrocytes (chondroblasts), also known as Codman's tumor. This tumor is mainly located in the epiphysis of the end of long bones, especially in the region of the femoral head. It is more common in children and adolescents.

Alopecia Secondary to Hyaluronic Acid Injection: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Hyaluronic acid injections, commonly used for anti-aging purposes, carry potential risks, including transient or permanent alopecia, a complication not yet fully characterized. This adverse effect can result from various mechanisms, such as pressure, ischemia, inflammation, and necrosis.

Objective: This study aimed to present a case report of a patient treated with Concentrated Growth Factor combined with microneedling and minoxidil for alopecia following hyaluronic acid injection in the left temporal scalp and to systematically review literature from January 2000 to December 2024 on alopecia secondary to hyaluronic acid injections.

Impact of mHealth on Postoperative Quality of Life, Self-Management, and Dysfunction in Patients With Oral and Maxillofacial Tumors: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Background: With a focus on postoperative dysfunctions that may occur after maxillofacial tumor resection and the difficulties faced during home rehabilitation, we developed a mobile health app based on nurse-patient cooperation. The app extends rehabilitation care from hospital to home with the help of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and other technologies, thus helping patients to better carry out their home functional rehabilitation and meet their health needs.

Objective: The primary objective of this quasi-experimental study is to evaluate the impact of the Intelligent Home Rehabilitation Care Platform on the quality of life, self-management, and functional impairment in patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors.

Establishment of a humanized SCA2 mouse model carrying a CAA disruption preventing CAG repeat expansion in pathogenic genes.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a neurodegenerative disease marked by significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, primarily caused by expanded CAG mutations in the ATXN2 gene. The unstable expansion of CAG repeats disrupts the genetic stability of animal models, which is detrimental to disease research.

Methods: In this study, we established a mouse model in which CAG repeats do not undergo microsatellite instability (MSI) across generations.